Yiziphi izitshalo zemifino enendawo enkulu ezweni lakini, ngaphandle kwamazambane kanye namakhukhamba? Cishe, lesi siko utamatisi. Kodwa ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungakhula kanjani utamatisi oqinile futhi ungayinakekela kanjani.
Ukukhethwa kwembewu
Ukukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezitamatisi zezithombo yibhizinisi lomuntu wonke, kodwa kungcono ukuthi imbewu ithengwe, futhi ingaqoqiwe ngesandla sayo siqu utamatisi ozithandayo. Iqiniso liwukuthi izinhlobonhlobo zanamuhla zamatamatisi ziwumphumela wokuzalana, futhi izimfanelo zabazali azidluliselwa enzalweni. Ngamanye amazwi, kusukela enzalweni etholakala ku-utamatisi omkhulu omnandi, utamatisi omuncu omncane ungakhula.
Ukulungiselela imbewu
Ukukhulisa utamatisi we-seedling efanele kufanele uqale ngokulungiselela imbewu efanele. Okokuqala, ukuvivinya ukugcwaliseka - imizuzu emihlanu, faka imbewu kwisixazululo se-5% sosawoti etafuleni. Imbewu efihliwe isuswa, ihlelwe phansi - igeze ngamanzi asebenzayo. Esikhathini esilandelayo, ukuchithwa kwemithi - imbewu kufanele ibanjwe imizuzu engu-15 kwisisombululo se-1% se-potassium permanganate, bese ugeza ngamanzi asebenzayo. Okulandelayo, imbewu ye-tomato ifakwe usuku. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uwafake emgqeni owenziwe ngesisombululo esiphuthumayo (ungenza ngaphandle kwawo ngokuthatha amanzi ajwayelekile) bese ushiya endaweni efudumele (okungenani 20 ° C). Isikhathi salezi zinqubo siqala ngo-March.
Ukulungiselela umhlaba kanye neziqukathi zezithombo
Ukuze ukhule utamatisi onomsoco onempilo, njengamafemu akhethekile, udinga ukulungisa kahle ingxube yomhlaba. Sithatha isilinganiso esilingana ne-peat noma umquba, umhlabathi we-turf kanye ne-humus. Kusukela emibhedeni yensimu noma imibhede yembali awukwazi ukuthatha izithombo zomhlaba zingafa. Engeza i-urea, i-superphosphate ne-potassium sulfate engxenyeni, ngokusekelwe ku-1 ithisipuni yomanyolo ngamunye ngebhakede lomhlaba. Uma ungenaso isifiso noma ithuba lokucubungula ukulungiswa komhlaba, ungathenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo esitolo sokuthenga imbali.
Uma kwenzeka ulungiselela ukutshala inhlabathi ngokwakho, ingxube yomhlaba kufanele ifuthe kuhhavini imizuzu engama-20 ekushiseni kwe-100-115 ° C, ngenxa yokushiswa kwe-disinfection.
Ekuqaleni, imbewu ingahlwanyelwa emabhokisini amakhulu. Ngemuva kwezithombo, kuzodingeka ukufakelwa - isihlahla ngasinye sibe sesitsha esisodwa. Izithombo eziningi zezitshalo emaphakheji avela kumikhiqizo yobisi. Lokhu kuyindlela enhle, kepha amaphakethe kumele ahlanjululwe kahle ukuze amabhaktheriya e-lactic acid angalimazi izitshalo.
Ukutshala utamatisi kwizithombo
Njengoba ulungiselele ukupakisha, imbewu kanye nomhlabathi, ungaqala ukutshala imbewu yamatamatisi kwizithombo. Ingxube yomhlaba iswakanyiswe kancane, ithululelwe emabhokisini, ihlanganiswe futhi ihlanganiswe kancane. Senza ama-grooves ekude kwamamitha angu-5-6 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ukujula kwe-groove 1 cm. Siphuza ama-groove ngesisombululo esinomfudumalo, lapho khona imbewu yayigcwele khona. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu, ukubeka emakhilomitha angu-1.5-2 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Fafaza phezulu komhlaba, ngaphandle kokuchelela. Amabhokisi afakwa ekamelweni elikhanyayo elinokushisa kwama-22-25 ° C. Ukusheshisa ukuhluma ezinsukwini eziyisihlanu zokuqala, amabhokisi angahlanganiswa nokugubungulwa kwepulasitiki, ukungakhohlwa ukususa amanzi amaningi kanye nomoya nsuku zonke.
Indlela yokunakekela izithombo utamatisi?
Ngakho-ke, ukuze ukhule utamatisi omuhle wezithombo, udinga ukunakekelwa kahle. Ukunakekelwa kwezithombo kuyisiphulelo esifike ngesikhathi, ukufakelwa kanye nokufaka umquba, kepha konke okuhlelekile.
Udinga ukuwasha amahlumela kancane, okwesibili ngesonto nangesigamu ngemuva kokubonakala kwawo, ngesikhathi esifanayo angadliwa. Ukuchelela okwesithathu kufanele kwenzeke amahora amathathu ngaphambi kokufakelwa kwesitshalo ezindaweni ezihlukene. Ukuvikela izithombo zotamatisi ezifweni, izitshalo zidinga ukuphuziswa ngaphansi kwezimpande. Yondla izithombo zonke izinsuku ezingu-10-15.
Izithombo zokufakelwa (ukudonsa), uma utamatisi uzovela emabhukwini amathathu alawa makhasi. Uma izithombo zelulelwe ngenxa yokungabi naso ukukhanya, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwesitshalo kuzodingeka ukuthi kuqiniswe kancane. Utamatisi wokutshala kungaba ngowokuqala ezimbizeni ezincane ukuze utshale izithombo kwisidlo esikhulu ezinsukwini ezingu-25. Kusadingeka ukufakelwa izitshalo ukuze izithombo zingeneke kakhulu ezimweni zokukhanyisa okungekho emthethweni.
Indlela yokwenza izithombo zamatamatisi ziqine? Kudingeka ukuthi ifuthe, lapho izinga lokushisa lomusi lingaphezulu kuka-10 ° C, izitshalo kumele zithathwe kancane emoyeni omusha.