Kunezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene zokulwa nokuvuvukala ezinqunyelwe ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwezilonda. Okubaluleke kakhulu imithi yale njongo ezifweni ezibhekene nenqubo eqhubekayo yokuvuvukala, engabangela ukukhubazeka.
Izinhlobo zezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala
Izidakamizwa eziphikisayo ziyingxenye enkulu yezokwelapha:
- i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid;
- i-osteoarthritis;
- i-osteochondrosis;
- i-gout;
- i-rheumatism;
- i-hernia yomgogodla;
- i-neuralgia;
- i-renal ne-biliary colic;
- i-myositis;
- ukulimala kanye ne-sprains;
- ezinye izifo zenhliziyo, izifo zomoya.
Izidakamizwa ezivimbela noma ezivinjelwe ukulwa nokuvuvukala uma:
- isifo sesilonda se-peptic;
- ukuphazamiseka kwegazi lokugubha;
- ukukhulelwa kanye nokulahlwa;
- ukwelashwa kulezi zidakamizwa;
- ezinye izifo zezinso;
- izifo zenhliziyo;
- i-varicose veins;
- i-autoimmune pathology.
Izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal anti-inflammatory
Izidakamizwa ezingekho ukuvuvukala zokwelashwa zisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuvuvukala emathisini, amathambo nama-articular tissues. Ukuziqhenya kwalezi zidakamizwa ekungabonakali kwazo kungukuthi basusa inqubo yokuvuvukala kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwama-genesis kunoma yimuphi indawo. Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) azizona izidakamizwa ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni, njengoba zenza njenge-anesthetic.
I-NSAID yokuqala emlandweni wekhemisi yayiyi-aspirin, eyatholakala emagqabini e-Willow ekhulwini le-18. Ngesisekelo se-salicylic acid, amanye, amalungiselelo anamuhla anomphumela ofanayo futhi, ngeshwa, nemiphumela emibi efana nayo ikhiqizwa - umphumela omubi empilweni yesisu kanye ne-duodenum, isibindi nesistimu yokujikeleza. Ukuze unciphise amathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi ngemuva kokuthatha izidakamizwa ezingezangezokwelapha eziphuzayo zalolu hlobo, odokotela abanconywa ukuba badlule umthamo ovunyelwe.
Ama-NSAID wohlobo olusha ngesisekelo sezinye izingxenye anomthelela ophikisayo wokulwa nokuvuvukala nesenzo eside, kodwa angenakwenzeka kakhulu ukudala izinkinga ezihlukahlukene ngisho nangokwamukelwa isikhathi eside. Lezi zidakamizwa zihlanganisa i-Meloxicam, i-Piroxicam (i-derivatives ye-oxicam), i-Nabumetone, i-Diclofenac (i-derivatives ye-phenylacetic acid), i-Ibuprofen, i-Ketotifen (i-derivatives ye-propionic acid) nezinye.
Izidakamizwa eziphikisana nezidakamizwa ze-Steroidal
Imithi eyingxenye yeqembu lama-anti-inflammatory group drugs kakhulu kunemithi engeyona i-steroid. Lezi zidakamizwa zikhiqiza ngesisekelo se-hormone yezinhlayiya ze-adrenal - i-cortisol. Indlela yokwenza izidakamizwa ze-steroid ukucindezelwa kwendawo yesistimu yomzimba. Imiphumela emibi kanye nokuphikisana kwezidakamizwa zaleli qembu kunkulu kunezo ze-NSAID, futhi kunqunyelwe ukuthi:
- ukusabela okuqinile kwesifo esikhumbeni;
- i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid;
- ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi;
- i-hepatitis;
- i-myositis;
- ukuthuthumela kusho.
Izidakamizwa eziphikisanayo zesifo se-steroid nge:
- ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa;
- ukutholakala kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza noma legciwane;
- amathuba okugaya;
- ukuzivivinya umzimba;
- ukuguguleka okukhulu kwamalungu;
- ukuthatha imithi ye-blood thinning;
- esenziwe kakade ngamagciwane amathathu ama-steroid amalungiselelo.
Izidakamizwa ezithintekayo zokulwa nokuvuvukala
Izidakamizwa ezithintekayo zokulwa nokuvuvukala ziyiziphazamisi ezihlanganisa izingxenye eziningana, ngaleyo ndlela zikhulisa kakhulu umphumela wokwelapha wale mithi. Ukusetshenziswa okuvame ukuvuvukala kwezidakamizwa ezihlangene ku-diclofenac, kodwa kuhlanganisa namavithamini, i-paracetamol, i-lidocaine nezinye izinto ezisebenzayo.
Izidakamizwa ezivimbela ukuvuvukala - uhlu
Ngokuncintisana ukuqoqa amalungiselelo okulwa nokuvuvukala esimweni ngasinye ngabanye udokotela uyakwazi kuphela. Izidakamizwa eziphikisana nezidakamizwa zivimbela ama-enzyme omzimba obhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-prostaglandins - izinto ezibangela ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Ukusebenzisa amalungiselelo ahlukene aleqembu ukuze kuqiniswe isenzo akunakwenzeka - kuzobangela ukwanda kwemiphumela. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezivimbela ukuvuvukala ngaphandle kokumisela udokotela kungabangela ukushisa komfutho wegazi, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, ukuxubha kwegazi emzimbeni kwabesifazane, i-osteoporosis.
Amathebulethi aphikisayo
Ama-painkillers namaphilisi aphikisayo awona mithi ethengiwe kakhulu. Leli fomu lilungele ukusetshenziswa, ngakho-ke izidakamizwa ezithandwa kakhulu zihlale zitholakala ngendlela yamathebulethi:
- I-Nimesulide - inqunywe ubuhlungu obunzima emisipha, amalunga, umgogodla;
- I-Celecoxib - ephumelelayo ye-arthrosis, i-osteochondrosis;
- I-Meloxicam - iboniswa isifo samarthritis, i-ostearthrosis, i-spondyloarthritis;
- Ibuprofen - inqunywe nge-syndrome yesifo esiphakathi enobuhlungu emuva, ukuvuvukala kwe-periosteum, umkhuhlane.
Amagciwane okuvimbela ukuvuvukala
Izidakamizwa ngendlela yokujola zinemiphumela yazo yokuhlambalaza nokulwa nokuvuvukala ngokushesha kunamathebulethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umjovo ungenziwa eduze kokugxila kokuvuvukala, okusheshisa kakhulu ukugeleza kwezidakamizwa zibe izicubu ezivuliwe. Okudinga kakhulu izidakamizwa zokulwa nokuvuvukala kwamalungu, imisipha, amathambo:
- I-Xefokam, i-Movalis - iyasebenza ngempumelelo ye-arthrosis, iyatholakala nangendlela yamathebulethi;
- I-Diclofenac - Kunconywa ukuthi i-osteochondrosis, i-radiculitis, i-lumbago, ukuvuvukala kwamathambo amathanga, iyatholakala nangendlela yamathebulethi;
- I-Nurofen, i-Ketonal - esebenzayo ngokuvuvukala okuhlukahlukene, kunokuphikisana okuncane nemiphumela emibi;
- I-Hydrocortisone, i-Kenalog, i- Prednisolone - i-steroid amalungiselelo, asetshenziselwa usizo oluphuthumayo lokuvuvukala okukhulu kanye nesifo esibuhlungu kakhulu (esikhundleni sama-opiates), zijojo ngqo ngqo ekugxilweni okuvuthayo.
Ama-suppository aphikisayo
Ukutheleleka kwangenele ezingxenyeni zobungane besifazane futhi kubangele ukuxubha, ukuvuvukala komlomo wesibeletho noma i-fibroma, kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwe-suppositories yama-vaginal anti-inflammatory, ngoba impilo yowesifazane nenzalo yakhe ixhomeke ekutheni isikhathi nesimo semithi yokwelapha sincike. Ama-suppository ajwayelekile okulwa nokuvuvukala asetshenziswa, uma kunesidingo, ukuphulukisa ukugxila kokuvuvukala emzimbeni kanye nezitho eziseduze. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwelashwa nge-suppository kunciphisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi. Uhlu lwe-suppository yokulwa nokuvuvukala:
- Indomethacin , Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, i-Paracetamol, i-Movalis, i-Voltaren, i-Flamax - isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa izinqubo zokuvuvukala ku-rectum noma ngesiswini, kanye ne-cystitis, neuralgia, neuritis kanti uma kungenakwenzeka ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa eziphikisayo kwezinye izinhlobo;
- I-Longitude - izidakamizwa zangasese zisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kokuvuvukala kwezitho zomzimba;
- Fluomizin, Terzhinan - esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-endometritis, i-adnexitis;
- I-Ultraproct, i-Proctosedil yisidakamizwa se-steroid esetshenziselwa ama-hemorrhoids, ama-fissures, i-paraproctitis;
- I-posterizan - i-immunomodulating kanye ne-anti-inflammatory suppositories, isetshenziselwa ukuvuvukala kwe-rectum nasemuva kokusebenza ukusheshisa ukuphulukiswa.
Amafutha anqabela ukuvuvukala
Amafutha kuyindlela ephumelelayo yesidakamizwa sokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, kwezinye izimo, amafutha okugcoba asetshenziselwa ukungena emgodini noma emgodini. Izingxenye ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezisetshenziselwa ukugcoba okungeyona-steroidal anti-inflammatory yi-diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen. Amafutha anqabela ukuvuvukala:
- I-Orthofen, i-Nurofen, i-Ketonal, i-Meloxicam - ama-non-steroid amalungiselelo okwelapha ukuvuvukala ngaphandle, ngokweqile umkhondo wamathunjini.
- I-Sinalar, i-Momat, i-Akriderm - i-steroidal anti-inflammatory ointments, inqunywe odokotela lapho kwenzeka ukucindezelwa kwendawo yokuzivikela okudingekayo - izifo zesikhumba, izimo zokuphazamiseka, isifo sofuba, isifo sofuba, izifo zamathambo, ama-joint, izifo ze-vascular.
Ukhilimu odinga ukuvuvukala
Uhlu lwezidakamizwa ezingela-steroidal ezilwa nokuvuvukala ngesimo ukhilimu kufaka amagama namalungiselelo amaningi akhiqizwa ngendlela yamafutha okugcoba. Ukhilimu uyifomu elula kakhulu yesicelo sangaphandle, futhi izinto ezisebenzayo zisetshenziselwa zonke izidakamizwa eziphikisayo. Amagama ezakhiwe eziphikisayo:
- Ketoprofen, Arthrosilen, Indovazin, Diklovit - ama-non-steroid creams, asetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo zesikhumba, amalunga;
- Momat, izidakamizwa ze-Akriderm - steroid, ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sofuba, i-arthritis.
Ama-gel anti-ukuvuvukala
I-Gel - enye indlela yezidakamizwa ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, ithola kalula futhi ingashiyi ifilimu yama-greasy. Uhlu lwezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala ngendlela yejel:
- I-Sinalar, i-Bematetazon - i-steroid amalungiselelo okwelashwa kwezifo zesikhumba, imithi yokwelashwa, ehambisana nokushaywa;
- I-diklak-gel, i-Voltaren, i-Fastum-gel, i-Finalagel, i-Indovazin - isetshenziselwa ukuphatha ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala emisipha, amajoyina.
Amaconsi okuphikisa amehlo
Amaconsi okulwa nesibindi asetshenziselwa ukuphatha izifo ze-ophthalmic. Lezi zidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala zikhiqizwa kokubili ngaphandle nangaphandle kwe-steroids. Amaconsi amaningi ejoka angathengwa kuphela emva kokuthola imithi evela kudokotela, ngoba kuphela ochwepheshe ofanelekayo angacabangela zonke izinkomba nezinkomba.
Amaconsi amelene nama-anti-inflammatory ajwayelekile
- I-Dexamethasone yisisombululo sokujova iqembu le-steroid, elisetshenziswe njengamaconsi ejoka ukuphatha i-blepharitis, i-keratitis, i-scleritis, i-conjunctivitis (ngaphandle kwenqubo ehlanzekile);
- I-Diclofenac yisidakamizwa esingeyona i-steroid esusa ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukuvuvukala ekuguleni komzimba, emva kokuhlinzwa;
- I-indocollir yisidakamizwa esingenayo i-steroid, isetshenziselwa ukusebenza ngemuva kwe-eyeball, yokwelashwa kwe-conjunctivitis, i-miosis, i-macula;
- I-Diklo-F - amaconsi angenayo i-steroid, enqunyiwe ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract nezinye ukuvuvukala kweso lesimo esingenasifo;
- I-Tebridex - lesi sidakamizwa sihlanganisa isenzo sokulwa nokuvuvukala nokulwa namagciwane, sisetshenziselwa ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-microbial.