Noma yimuphi ummeleli we- conifers , ikakhulukazi i-pin, uhlale ebonakala ekhangayo futhi ekhangayo. Futhi amaphutha ambalwa kuphela ekunakekeleni angalimaza ukubonakala kwezihlahla nesimo sabo. Ukulimala okukhulu kubangelwa izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene. Sizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izibungu ezidla i-pin kanye nendlela yokulwa nazo.
Izinambuzane zephayini - izibungu
Eqinisweni, i-pine enhle inganqotshwa yizinhlobonhlobo zamacimbi. Abalimi abaningi bakhononda ukuthi izinaliti namahlumela ephayini badla izibungu zombala ompunga ngezinwele ezimvu. Lokhu kungenye yezinambuzane eziyingozi kakhulu zama-conifers - i-pine silkworm. Izibungu zalo zingafinyelela ubude obufinyelela ku-10 cm. I-disest ehlala kuqala emaphethelweni ezinaliti, bese uyiqeda phansi. Lezi zinambuzane ezimpunga zidla phezu kwephayini hhayi nje ngezinaliti, kodwa futhi ngamahlumela amancane, ekunciphiseni umuthi wokukhula konyaka. Ukusabalala kwe-mass of the disest kungabangela isifo somuthi, ukuma kwayo bese sekufa. Ngendlela, ngokwesilinganiso, isibungu esisodwa sidla izinaliti eziyi-150 ngesikhathi sekwindla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi kunokwenzeka ukuthola amacimbi aluhlaza kuphayini. I-wrecker ebizwa ngokuthi i-pine spade. Ingatholakala emagatsheni ephayini kusukela ehlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Abamele abadala bezinambuzane bangafinyelela ku-2-3 cm: emzimbeni wabo, ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa kanye nezinhlamvu ezinhlanu ze-longitudinal yellow. Bathi, njenge-phala silkworm, badla iziphetho zezinaliti, bese kuthi izinaliti ziphelele, okuholela ekusomweni kwesihlahla. Iphayinsi elinyene kaningi liba yindawo "yokuhlala" kwezinye izinambuzane.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane ze-pine umuntu angathola amacimbi amnyama. Izazi ze-biologists zibabiza ngokuthi i-pine sawmills. Izimpungushe zinamakhanda amnyama kanye ne-green-white white corpuscle nama-black longitudinal bands namabala. Njengezibungu ezichazwe ngenhla, i-pine sawmill iphinda inikeze izinaliti, igwebe kuqala emaphethelweni, bese uyidla ngokuphelele, okwenza umuthi ube usengozini futhi ugula.
Indlela yokubhekana nezimbungu esihlahleni sephayini?
Izinyathelo zokulwa namacimbi ezihlahleni zikaphayini zihlanganisa izinyathelo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nokuvimbela. Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke, evumela ngempela ukugcina amasimu, uphonsa ngamakhemikhali akhethekile. Le nqubo yenziwa ngesikhathi lapho kukhishwa khona amaqanda avela kumaqanda. Ngokuba umshini wokugaya amapayipi le nkathi ufika ekupheleni kukaJune, ngoba inundu yepine - ngoMeyi, ukuze kusetshenziswe umshini wokupaka - phakathi kukaJulayi. Phakathi kwamakhemikhali asetshenziswa ama-insecticide, okungukuthi, ama-pyrethroid noma izidakamizwa ze-organophosphate. Zihlanganisa "i-Decis" noma i- "Actelik". Futhi izindlela ezifanayo zingasizwa ngokuphalaza ngesisombululo se-carbophos, esithathwe ebhaketheni lamanzi lika-10 g. Lokhu kuyizinyathelo eziyingozi kakhulu zesilonda esikhulu somuthi.
Uma izibungu zingatholakali ezinamba eziningi, ukupompa nge- biopreparations kuphumelele. Ukuzikhethela kubanzi ngokwanele, sebenzisa okuzotholakala endaweni yakho: "Fitoverm", "Lepidocide", "Bitoxybacillin" nabanye.
Ekudayiseni ungathola futhi izicupho ezihlukahlukene. Isenzo sabo sisekelwe esenzweni sokuheha izinto - ama-pheromone. Ngaphansi kwethonya labo izibungu zigijimela ku-bait bese zihlala kuzo. Umlimi wezolimo kufanele abulale izinambuzane. Futhi kuneziqephu zokunamathisela, ezibekwe phezu kwesiqu kanye namagatsha amakhulu epineyini.
Ukuvimbela izinambuzane ezibulala izinambuzane kubandakanya imisebenzi yonyaka. Isibonelo, ekwindla kunconywa ukuthi ukumba izihlahla zemithi yephayini kuyenze ukuze izingane ziqhube phansi emhlabathini. Entwasahlobo, umqhele uphathwa ngamalungiselelo okubulala inambuzane (ukupuniza) nokugcoba.