Abantu abaningi abafuna ukwakha indawo yangasese ngaphandle kwedolobha, bakhethe izindlu zabo ngokhuni. Lo muntu ukhangwa kokubili uhlobo lwemvelo lwezinkuni eziphathwe, ezingadingi ukuqedela okwedlulele, nezimfanelo zalo ezinhle kakhulu zobuciko, ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezingekho ngaphansi kwezinto zokwakha zanamuhla.
Bakha imithi bani?
Akukho izinkuni eziphelele, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kudingeke ukuba ukhethe izinto eziphikisana kakhulu nokuhlala isikhathi eside ukuze usebenze ngokuqinile, ukuqina nokuhleleka. Ngisho izindlu zezwe ezilula ezenziwe ngokhuni kumele zibhekane nezimo zendawo zendawo, ungawa emvula noma eqhweni eminyakeni embalwa emva kokuqedwa kokwakhiwa.
Imithi esemqoka yokwakha indlu:
- Isihlahla sePine. Iningi lezihlahla zine-smooth trunk, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, linombala omnandi wezinkuni, ziveza ngokucacile ukuthungwa okuhle.
- U-spruce. Ukwakhiwa kwalokhu kuphakama kakhulu, lokho kubhekwa njengokuphefumula kakhulu, ngakho-ke izakhiwo ezivela kulo ziyakhula. Ukungahambi kahle kwe-spruce kuba khona kwenani elikhulu lamafindo kanye ne-resin, ekhishwa ngaphandle iminyaka.
- Larch. Lolu hlobo luhle kakhulu ngokumelene nefungi nesibunjwa, lusebenza kahle emvelweni omanzi. Ukucubungula kunzima kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kanzima. Ukwehluleka kwesibili okukhulu kwe-larch yindleko ephezulu yokuthutha impahla, ekhula ikakhulukazi e-Urals nase-Altai.
- Umsedari. Ososayensi baye bafakazela ukuthi lezi zinkuni ezibomvu-rosewood ezibomvu zibulala ama-microbe pathogenic kabi, zenza isimo sezulu esihle kakhulu ngaphakathi kwendawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyamnandi futhi kunamandla. Intengo yemisedari iphakeme, ngakho ukwakha indlu kuyo kuyoba kubizayo.
- I-Lime ne-aspen. Lezi zinhlobo zezinkuni zifanele ukwakhiwa kwebhuku lokugeza, amakamelo ahlukahlukene abasizayo. Ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zokuhlala kungcono ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezinokwethenjelwa ze-coniferous.
Izindlu ezinhle ezenziwe ngokhuni
Izici eziklanyelwe kulezi zinto zithinta kakhulu amandla wokwakha, ukuqina, izimfanelo zokushisa ukushisa, isikhathi sokushisa kwesakhiwo. Uma ngaphambilini abantu bakha izindlu ezingasodwa ezizenziwe ngamapulangwe, manje kwakhiwa izindlu zokuhlala ezizimele ezimbili, okumele zihlangabezane nazo zonke izidingo zokuphepha. Ukwakhiwa kwezindonga zezakhiwo zokuhlala, izinhlobonhlobo zezigodo ezicutshungulwayo kanye nebha ene-cross-section-cross section isetshenziswa.
Izindlu eziqoshiwe ezenziwe ngokhuni
Kulesi sigaba sizothinta izici ezihlukanisa izakhiwo eziqoshiwe kusuka ezigodini eziqoshiwe noma ezigcotshiwe. Ngisho nasezikhathini zasendulo, abantu bafunda ukususa amafindo, ukusika izihlahla kanye nokukhiya ukuxhumana okuqinile kwezihlahla zomuthi omunye nomunye. Kukhona i-carriage, i-lap-lapet kanye nezingodo ezizungezile. Ifomu le-Half-lapete, isiqu somuthi we-stasivaya kuphela ohlangothini olulodwa, elibhekene ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo. I-Lafet - ifakwe kahle emaceleni omabili kuze kube ngu-28 cm ubukhulu. I-cylinder ikhiqizwa kubakhi bezimboni, bese kukhethwa ama-grooves kanye nezinkomishi ezenza ijubane lombuthano.
Ngaphandle kokuhlobisa okuhle, noma yiliphi izwe elenziwe ngamapulangwe libukeka libuhlungu futhi libi, imihlobiso eyengeziwe yenza insimu ibonakale futhi engavamile. Intambo engafani (umkhumbi) ingenziwa ngokuqondile emigodini nasemigodini, kepha manje ayifuni ukusetshenziswa. Kuyathakazelisa ukubheka ngentambo evulekile, ekhonjiswe ezindongeni eziqediwe. Ukuhlobisa kuncike kuma-cornices, ama-balusters, ama-friezes, amabhande, ama-consoles, izinsika, ezinye izakhi zakhiwo zokhuni.
Izindlu ezivela esihlahleni sebha
Qhathanisa ukugoqa okujwayelekile, okufakiwe nokuhlanganiswa. Imigoqo evamile inokubonakala kwelogi elilinganiselwe le-cross-section section. Izinto ezifihliwe zinobuso obushelelezi, amakhanda okufika, ama-spikes nama-grooves. Izigxobo ezihlanganisiwe zibiza okungaphezulu, kodwa kusuka kuso ukwakha isithombe esinekhatsi nesigxili sezindlu ezenziwe ngokhuni ngokushesha. Isakhiwo esiphelile salesi sihloko asipheli. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlobisa izakhiwo zanamuhla kusuka kubha eneziketi eziqoshiwe, umhlobiso ohlakaniphile, amabhande amahle, neminye imininingwane yokuhlobisa ngesitayela sobuhlanga.
Indlu ehlangene eyenziwe ngamapulangwe
Ukusebenzisa ekwakhiweni, ngokubamba ngamapulangwe, amatshe, ukhonkolo, ingilazi noma ipulasitiki, ungathola imiphumela emihle, unciphise ukwehluleka kwesinye indaba ngenxa yesithunzi sabanye. Lesi sakhiwo, esakhiwe kuphela ekhoneni elifanayo, sihle kakhulu ngesitayela se-retro, kodwa ngokuphathelene nomonakalo wokushisa komlilo nokuhlala isikhathi eside, kuncane kakhulu kunezakhi zokwakha zanamuhla. Indlu enkulu ehlangene eyenziwe ngokhuni iyoba namandla, ukubukeka kakhudlwana, futhi izokhonza abanikazi ngamashumi eminyaka bengenaphutha.
Indlu eyenziwe ngamatshe nangokhuni
Umlando wokwakha wezingxenye ezihlangene zetshe nezinkuni zawo zibuyele emuva emakhulwini eminyaka. Ezakhiweni zalolu hlobo, isibonelo, izindlu ze-alpine zabelusi nezindlu zemizuzu ephakathi kwezinyanga eziphakathi kwesikhwama sokhuni. Kusukela etsheni elingenakulinganiswa kungcono ukubeka phansi phansi, lapho kukhona ikhishi, i-boiler, indawo yokushisa, igaraji. Uma sicabangela imiklamo yezindlu ezenziwe ngamapulangwe, okusetshenziselwa ukusebenzisana kakhulu, cabanga ngokumelana nomlilo nokuqina kwezinto. Ingxenye esekelwe isakhiwo njalo ihlushwa umswakama, ngakho-ke kuyisifiso sokwakhiwa kwedwala eliqinile.
Indlu eyenziwe ngeglasi nangokhuni
Ubuchwepheshe bamuva buvunyelwe ukudala ingilazi yomoya. Kusukela ekuboneni okubonakalayo, izakhi zokuphahla, ubuciko, iminyango emikhulu enendlela yokugada, ucingo, izingxenye zangaphakathi zakhiwa. Uhlaka lwokhuni luqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokuqina kwesakhiwo. Indlu yangasese eyenziwe ngokhuni nengilazi yakha isimo sokukhanya, imingcele yangaphandle phakathi kwamakamelo angaphakathi kanye nesikhala sangaphandle ivuliwe ngokubonakalayo. Abasimabhizinisi banethuba lokubonga indawo ezungezile kanye nesibhakabhaka esicacile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ehlezi esihlalweni esiseduzane nomlilo.
Indlu eyenziwe ngezitini nezinkuni
Izindwangu ezinobumba eziqinile futhi eziqinile akuzona ezihlangene nelogi elibheke esifundazweni noma ibhande, kubumba isakhiwo sezakhiwo ezithakazelisayo. Ukukhetha izindlu emthini, okungcono ukuthenga umndeni wakho, qiniseka ukucabangela izakhiwo ezihlangene. Ezingxenyeni ezingenhla kwelogi, lapho i-microclimate ehle kakhulu ibusa khona, kulula ukuhlomisa amakamelo okulala, amakamelo abantwana, izindawo zokuphumula. Amapayipi, ukushisa nokukhishwa kwekhishi, uhlele esiteji sokuqala esitini, esingaphansi kwamanzi.
Izindlu ezihlanganisiwe ezenziwe ngezikhuni zezinkuni kanye nezinkuni
I-foam ivinjiwe ayishisi, isisindo esincane, izindleko ezifanele, amandla amancane, ukuqhuba okuphansi kwe-thermal, nezinye izimfanelo ezibalulekile. Ngaphandle, izindonga zalesi sihloko azikhombisi futhi zidinga ukuphothulwa okungeziwe ngendlela yokusika, ukudweba, ukubhekwa phezulu ngamapaneli, izitini, itayili noma itshe. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ubuciko obuhlangene bendlu obenziwe ngamapulangwe kanye nezikhuni ze-foam bubukeka buhluke kakhulu, kuye ngokucabangela kwamakhasimende ephrojekthi.
Ukuqeda indlu eyenziwe ngamapulangwe
Izindlu zezinkuni azidingi umhlobiso wangaphandle, ukubonakala kwemvelo kwelogi elizungezile noma imithi ngokwayo, ukufihla ngaphansi kwamapaneli kungaba iphutha. Izindlu zokungena zingaphathwa kangcono ngemikhawulo yokuvikeleka kanye ngeminyaka emihlanu, ngakho-ke izinambuzane noma izici zemvelo azilimazi izindonga. Uma unendlu yokhuni eyenziwe ngamapulangwe endala, ephahliwe, ngecala elibhubhisayo, kunengqondo ukwenza isiphephelo sangaphandle sekhanda. I-thermopanel yangaphambili ekhonjiswe kahle kanye neyilini eyenziwe ngamapholisa noma ensimbi, ilandisa izinto zokwemvelo, amatayela, izitini noma amatshe.
Ukuhlobisa kwangaphakathi kuyadingeka ekwakheni indlu ehlanzekile endlini. Izindonga ziphoswe, zihlanza, zivarnished, zimbozwe nge-toning. Ukwakhiwa kwezinkuni kuyisifiso sokwabiwa, ngesitayela se-retro kuvunyelwe ukuguga kwakhe kokufakelwa. Ukudweba, ukufaka izindonga ngephephadonga noma ukubhekwa ne-plasterboard kuncane kakhulu. Abaqambi batusa ukufaka esikhundleni sokuqeda okunjalo ngendwangu yokuvimbela indlu nokuhlobisa , lezi zinhlobo zezinto zingcono zihlangene nezindonga zamapulangwe nezansi phansi kwendlu yokuhlala.
Akudingeki ukuba sisheshe sikhethe ukukhetha iphrojekthi esithandiwe yesakhiwo sokuhlala ngokhuni, kodwa ukuze uzame kuqala ukuthola okunye okukhethwa kukho, ukuhlola zonke izinzuzo noma ukungalungi. Ngisho nemithi ejwayelekile yokubuka noma i-log eqoshiwe inempahla ehlukile abantu abangajwayelekile abakwazi ukuyizwa ngaphambilini. Uma umuntu engenalo ulwazi oluningi kule ndawo, ngakho-ke kuyakudingeka ukuthembela ochwepheshe abavela eqenjini elingathembeki ngubani ongathatha indlu yezinkuni ekhwalithi ngentengo engabizi, eyakhiwe ngokuvumelana nazo zonke izindinganiso zokwakha.