Ingubo ye-thyroid iyisitho esincane esisezintanyeni, phambi nangakwesokunene se-trachea. Esizweni esivamile cishe akunakwenzeka. Phakathi kwezifo zezitho ezihlukahlukene zokufihla ngaphakathi, izifo zegciwane le-thyroid zenzeka kaningi. Futhi ngokuvamile izifo ezinjalo azibonakali noma zifihliwe ngezibonakaliso zezinye izifo.
Isibonakaliso esisodwa esibonisa ngokungaqondile inkinga nge-gland yegciwane yi- goiter (ukwanda kobukhulu bayo). Indlela evamile kakhulu futhi enembile yokuxilonga izifo ze-gciwane iyabhalwa.
Izinkomba zokugcoba isikhumba se-thyroid
- Ukubunjwa kwe-Nodal kumgogodla we-thyroid eyodwa centimeter noma ngaphezulu, okubonakalayo nge-palpation.
- Ukubunjwa kwe-Nodal kumgogodla we-thyroid eyodwa ububanzi obukhulu noma ngaphezulu ngobukhulu, obonwe ngesikhathi se-ultrasound.
- Ukubunjwa kwe-neodular kwe-gland yegciwane engaphansi kwamamentimitha ayisithupha ngobukhulu, okutholakala nge-palpation noma i-ultrasound, lapho kukhona khona izibonakaliso zesifo somdlavuza we-thyroid.
- Zonke izicubu ezisegulini le-thyroid lapho kukhona khona izimpawu kanye nedatha yokuhlolwa kwelabhoratri, enekhono eliphakeme lokubonisa umdlavuza wegciwane.
- I-Cyst ye-gland yegciwane.
Ukugcoba kanjani igciwane le-thyroid?
Isikhathi sokugubha umdwebo odongeni lomkhumbi noma insimbi ethile ngenjongo yokuthatha izinto zokucwaninga. Yenza inqubo usebenzisa i-syringe ekhethekile nenaliti encane, njengoba ngokuvamile ukugcoba kwegciwane le-thyroid kuthathwa ngaphandle kwe-anesthesia. Uma ukusetshenziswa kwe-syringe encane yenaliti kungenakwenzeka ngesizathu esithile, i-puncture yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo. Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, isiguli siyadlulisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ngoba ngaphandle kokutholakala kwedatha yasemuva ye-hormonal ukunquma isithombe sesifo futhi isidingo senqubo asinakwenzeka. Isikhathi segciwane lengculazi asithathi ngaphezu kwengxenye yehora (ngokuvamile esingaphansi) futhi singenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kokufeza le nqubo isiguli akudingeki.
Ukukhishwa kwegciwane le-Thyroid kuvame ukuqhutshwa ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwe-ultrasound - ukuze kube nesayithi elingenakuqondakala.
I-ultrasound isiza ukuthola indawo ngqo yendawo, isifundo samaphili adingekayo. Uma ama-nodes e-gland yegciwane ayingxenye, ke ukugqama kwekhulu kunawo wonke kwenziwa.
I-puncture ye-cyst ye-thyroid
I-cyst ye-thyroid iyinhlangano enesifo esiqukethe i-capsule equkethe uketshezi. Nge-cyst, ukukhishwa kwegciwane le-thyroid akukona njengendlela yokuhlonza, kepha ngokuyinhloko njengendlela yokwelapha, ukususa. Kodwa emva kokususwa kwe-cyst, ukuhlolwa kwakhe ngokwe-histological kwenziwa ukuze kungabikho amathuba okubunjwa okubi.
Imiphumela ye-puncture ye-gland yegciwane
Njengomthetho, inqubo iphephile futhi ingenabuhlungu. Uma ukukhishwa kwenzelwa isazi esinolwazi ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwezinto zokusebenzisa i-ultrasound, ukuzwa nje ubuhlungu obuphansi (njengokungenwa kwe-intramuscular) kanye nokwehla kwesimo sangasendaweni endaweni yokuqothula kungenzeka. Noma yikuphi ukuphikisana okuqondile
Izinkinga ezingenzeka ekusetshenzisweni kokugcoba kwegciwane le-thyroid zihlanganisa ukugqotshwa kwe-trachea, ukuphuma kwegazi, ukulimala kwimbilini yama-laryngeal, i-phlebitis yemithanjeni, isenzakalo. Kungenzeka futhi ukuba ufake ukungenwa yi-HIV uma kunesibindi esaneleyo sokusebenza nesicringe sokugcoba.
Kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi kunoma yikuphi ukucindezeleka okuncane futhi kuxhomeke kuphela ekufundeni udokotela owenza inqubo. Uma ukukhishwa kwenzakala kahle, khona-ke ngokwayo ngeke kubangele imiphumela emibi.