Ukunakekela ukhukhamba obala - kanjani ukuthola isivuno esihle?

Akukhathaleki uma imifino isitshalwe imbewu noma izithombo, ikhula ezindaweni eziseningizimu noma ngesimo sezulu esiphezulu, ukuthola isivuno esihle nokuchichima, ukunakekela ukhukhamba ensimini kumele kube okulungile, okufanelekile futhi ngesikhathi esifanele.

Ukunakekela izithombo zamakhukhamba

Izitshalo ezisanda kuhlwanyelwa, ezingakaqothulwa futhi zingakhiwe, zizwela futhi zisengozini, ngakho-ke uma ukhukhamba zitshalwe endaweni evulekile, kufanele zithathwe ukutshala ngokucophelela izitshalo. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukunikeza ukhukhamba ngenhlabathi evundile - umhlabathi kumele ukhululeke.

Ngemuva kokuba izithombo zisuselwe futhi zikhule, ukunakekela ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile kusho ukuthi ukhula njalo emhlabathini ukhula. Kodwa le nkinga kulula ukuyixazulula kanye nesikhathi eside, nje ngokukwenza i- mulching - lokhu kuzosindisa isikhathi sakho namandla kakhulu. Ukuze kuhlanganiswe kubalulekile ukutshala izithombo ngotshani, utshani owomile noma sawdust - lokhu ngeke kuvumele ukhula lukhule embhedeni.

Ukunakekela izithombo zamakhukhamba

Indlela yesibili, indlela yokukhulisa ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile, imbewu yokutshala emhlabathini. Le nqubo iyinde kakhulu futhi iyinkimbinkimbi - iqiniso liwukuthi ukunakekelwa kwamahlumela amakhukhamba kudinga inhlabathi elula futhi evulekile, eyayigcwele iziqu zemfuyo. Omunye umthetho obalulekile wokukhula kusuka kumbewu - ukhukhamba esiteji sokukhula uzwela kakhulu emakhazeni, kanti ngisho neqhwa elilula kunazo zonke lingabhubhisa isihlahla. Ngakho-ke, uma isimo sezulu sasekuseni singashukumisi ukuzethemba, amahlumela kufanele ahlanganiswe nefilimu noma izimbiza.

Unganisela kanjani ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile?

Ukhukhamba udinga amanzi amaningi futhi umswakama kokubili esigabeni sokukhula nangesikhathi sokuhluma. Ngisho nokuntula okuncane kokuphuza izithelo ngesikhathi sokwenza izithelo kungonakalisa ukuvuna futhi makungabikho konke ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa - amakucucu ayoba omuncu, futhi ngeke kwenzeke ukulungisa isimo. Ukwengeza ukhukhamba phakathi nenkathi yokukhula kubalulekile ngamanzi afudumele - amanzi abandayo azoholela ekucindezelweni kwentuthuko yabo. Ukuvame ukondla ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile kaningi, kuxhomeke esiteji sokuthuthukiswa kwesihlahla - ngaphambi kokuba ukhukhamba ezimbali ziphuze zonke izinsuku ezingu-6-8, kanti ngesikhathi sokuhluma - zonke izinsuku ezingu-3-4.

Ukunisela kungcono ukusebenzisa umbhobho wesipuni, akunakwenzeka ukwenza lokhu kusuka ephasini. Ukunisela kuyadingeka kuphela umhlabathi, isitshalo ngokwawo asidingi amanzi okuthululela. Ukuze ulondoloze umswakama emhlabathini emva kokutshala noma ukuvela kwamahlumela, ungenza ama-mulching shrubs angavumeli ilanga lome umhlaba.

Ikhukhamba eyakhiwe emhlabathini ovulekile

Lapho izithombo zigxilile futhi ziqala ukukhula, ikhukhamba igxiliwe emhlabathini ovulekile, noma ukuphoqa. Kukhiqizwa kanje: zonke izinyathelo, ama-ovari namahlumela, okukhula kusuka emaqabeni amathathu noma amane, kumele asuswe. Inqubo enjalo izoqinisekisa ukuthi kwakhiwe uhlelo oluhle lwempande.

Uma ukhula imifino ye-varietal, ukunakekelwa kwamakhukhamba ensimini kunemithetho yayo - udinga ukwenza umquba we-stem oyinhloko ngemuva kwamaqabunga ama-5-7. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zamakhukhamba zivame ukunikeza izimbali zesilisa kuphela, futhi le nqubo izoqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa kweziqu ze-lateral nezimbali zesifazane, okuzoqinisekisa ukuthi impova. Amakhukhamba ama hybrid prischipki stem main ayidingi.

Indlela yokudla ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile?

Isibambiso sempilo yesitshalo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, isivuno esihle - ukunakekelwa okufanele nokudla ngesikhathi esifanele, njengoba ungasisebenzisa kokubili umquba okhethekile kanye nezindlela zomuntu. Masicabangele ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokutshala ukhukhamba, nokuthi yikuphi ukugqoka okuphezulu okungcono ukusebenzisa.

Ikhukhamba - ukondla ngemvubelo

Ukutshala imifino, abaningi bafuna ukukhetha indlela elula, engokwemvelo futhi ephumelelayo yokufaka umquba, futhi ukugqoka imvubelo yamakhukhamba kubhekisela kulokho. Ama-yeast afaka i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, ne-potassium ekubunjweni, okuyinto ethinta kakhulu ukukhula kwezitshalo, ithuthukise ukulwa nezifo, futhi ikhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwezithelo ezinkulu.

Lungisa imvubelo yokugqoka ngamakhukhamba kalula, udinga ukuthatha u-10 g wemvubelo eyomile ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi bese ufaka izipuni ezimbili zeshukela. Ukumnika kufanele kushiywe amahora amabili, bese kuhlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-50 amanzi. Unganisela amakhukhamba ngemvubelo engekho kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-10-15, uma wenza njalo kaningi, ungabalimaza kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi lolu hlobo lokugqoka oluphezulu aluyona eyisisekelo, luyakhuthaza kuphela, ngakho alufaki ezinye izinketho zomanyolo.

Ikhukhamba - ukudla ngesinkwa

Enye indlela enhle kunokufaka umquba emhlabathini ovulekile ingxube eyenziwe ngokwayo, ngokufana ncamashi nemvubelo ekusebenzeni kwayo. Kulula kakhulu ukuyilungisa - siphonsa isinkwa semvubelo emgqonyeni, sigcwalise ngamanzi, ucindezele ngesembozo, ukuze isinkwa singaguquki, futhi sivumele ukuba siphuze izinsuku ezimbalwa. Isixazululo esiphumela singanisela izitshalo zonke izinsuku ezingu-10-15, kanye nemvubelo.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwamakhukhamba ngomlotha

I-ash yinkomishi eyinkimbinkimbi edla ama-ukhukhamba anezinhlamvu eziningana, okwenza kube yinye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokugqoka phezulu phezulu. Ungamane ufefaze imibhede ngomlotha owomile, kodwa umphumela omuhle ungatholakala ngokulungisa isisombululo esikhethekile. Ilungiselelwe imizuzu embalwa - ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi esithatha ingilazi yomswakama, siyigqugquzele, futhi ukugqoka okuphezulu kulungele, kungase kusetshenziswe kakade.

Ukuphuza ukhukhamba nge-iodine

Indlela elandelayo ephumelelayo, kunokuba ukondle ukhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile ukwelashwa kwezithombo nge iodine. Ukuvimbela okuhle izifo eziningi, ngoba lokhu kufanele ulungiselele amalitha angu-9 amanzi, ilitha elilodwa lobisi oluphansi olwenziwe ekhaya kanye namaconsi angu-12 e-iodine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-iodine ibangela isivuno esihle kakhulu samakhukhamba.

Umanyolo wekhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukuze ukondle ukhukhamba, ungasebenzisa futhi umquba owenziwe ngomumo osetshenziswe emhlabathini ovulekile. Zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amakhulu:

1. I-nitrogen - iyadingeka kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula, ukhukhamba. Uma ukhetha, umuntu kufanele akhethe okungahambisani ne-nitrate nitrogen.
2. I-phosphorus - kufanele isetshenziswe njalo, kodwa ngobuncane. Ukusebenzisa umanyolo ngokufaneleko kuzokusiza ukhukhamba ziqhakaze ngendlela efike ngesikhathi.
3. I-Potassium - qinisekisa ukuhamba kwezakhi zomzimba kuzo zonke izimpande, qinisekisa ukukhula okunempilo kanye nokulimala.

Lapho ukhetha umanyolo, khumbula ukuthi ukhukhamba awuthandi kakhulu i-chlorine. Ngaphambi kokufaka umquba embhedeni wonke, kufanele uzame ingxube ezinhlokweni eziningana futhi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ubheke isimo sezithombo. Uma ubona okunamandla okunamandla, ungaphatha kahle insimu yonke. Uma, ngokuphambene nalokho, izitshalo azizange zenze ngendlela engcono kakhulu, kungcono ukuthi ungabatshali.

I-garter ikhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile

Iphuzu elibalulekile elisho ukuthi ukunakekelwa kwamakhukhamba kanye nokubunjwa kwabo emhlabathini ovulekile kuyi-garter efanele, ekhishwa uma lesi sitshalo sifinyelela ngamasentimitha angu-30. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokukhanda i-garter:

1. Indlela evulekile. I-pair of support ifakwe ezinhlangothini eziphambene zombhede, phakathi kwezingcingo eziningana eziqinile. Ngokusho kwalo, ukhukhamba uyokhula. Le ndlela ine-drawback ephawulekayo - izitshalo zinzima kakhulu ukukhula kule ndawo, futhi, uma sezifinyelele umugqa owodwa wezintambo, kunzima ukuba zifinyelele okulandelayo.
2. Indlela ecacile. Kule ndlela, ukusekelwa okufana no-U kufakwe. Ngxenyeni engqimba yayo kukhona izintambo ezithintekayo, ezizokwenza ukhukhamba ukhukhamba, kulezi zindophi ezihlahleni ziboshwe phezulu. Le ndlela, ngokusho kwabaningi, ilula kakhulu futhi iyasebenza.

Izifo zekhukhamba emhlabathini ovulekile

Inkathazo enkulu lapho umuntu ohlala khona ehlobo angase ahlangane ngenkathi enakekela ukhukhamba evulekile isifo sekhukhamba, eziningi zazo ezingabulala isitshalo sonke. Kodwa, ehlomile ngolwazi, uyakwazi ukubona kalula lesi sifo futhi ubhekane naso ngempumelelo. Izifo eziningi ziyi-fungal, futhi isisindo esihle sokuzivikela singabizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lokutshala olufanele (ukhukhamba akufanele sikhule kakhulu), lawula umswakama futhi ususe amashidi aqala ukufaka noma ayenze.

Uma ukhula ukhukhamba kunezifo ezinjalo:

1. Umkhuhlane we-Powdery. Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko yisembatho esimhlophe se-mealy ku-stem namaqabunga. Lesi sifo sesibungulu sithinta amaqabunga, ngakho-ke ziyaqina. Ukwelapha ukhukhamba we-powdery, ungasebenzisa amakhambi abantu - ilitha elilodwa lobisi olumuncu, elixutshwe ne-1 litre lamanzi, ukupuniza kufanele kwenziwe kanye ngesonto. Enye ithuluzi eliphumelelayo yisisombululo sama-gramu angu-50 we-soda, ama-5 amagremu ensipho yokuhlanza ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi, izitshalo ezifafaziwe ezinsukwini ezingu-5-7.
2. I-Ascochitis. Amabala amnyama avela emaphethelweni amaqabunga. Izithelo zamakhukhamba anegciwane ziphenduka abamnyama noma zihlanganiswe nenethiwekhi yamachashazi amnyama. Cure Bordeaux 1% liquid, ithusi sulfate kuyosiza. Izinyathelo zokuzivikela zibandakanya ukunakekelwa okufanele, ukugwema ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokunisela kwamanzi abandayo, ukulima kwenhlabathi ngonyaka - ukuqhuma umquba kanye nokucubungula.
3. I-Anthracnose. Lesi esinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu ukuthi amaqabunga ekhukhamba aphendulela ngaphandle. Emagqabeni akhiwa amabala azungeze umbala obomvu ophuzi. Ngomswakama ophakeme emabala, amapayipi ama pink angakha - yilokho ukufisa kubonakala khona. Lesi sifo siphathwa ngezindlela ezifanayo nezifo ezichazwe ngenhla.
4. I-bacteriosis, noma i-spotting spotting. Emaqabunga phakathi kwemifudlana ibonakala amabala angangena, ekuqaleni nje umane oyile, bese uthola umbala omnyama obomvu. Ngemuva kweqabunga emabalaleni ungabona amaconsi amanzi, i-turbid ekutholeni amabhaktheriya. Phakathi nemvula noma ukuchelela ngaphansi kwengcindezi, lokhu ketshezi kungasakazeka embhedeni wonke, ukushaya zonke izinhlanzi ezinempilo. Ukwelashwa kwesifo kufaka ukunakekelwa kahle nokususwa kwamaqabunga abathintekayo, bese ungasebenzisa izixazululo ezichazwe ngenhla.
5. Grey ukubola. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa okusebenzayo - emaqabunga, izimbali kanye namakhukhamba kubonakala ukugqoka okumpunga, okuvame ukubonakala emibhedeni eningi kakhulu etshalwe ngenxa yobunzima bokuthuthukiswa ezimweni ezinzima. Ukubola kuphathwa ngokususa amaqabunga, izithelo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi isihlahla sonke. Esikhathini sokususwa, ingxube ye-potassium permanganate ne-choki kufanele isetshenziswe.