Ukunakekelwa kweBegonia ekhaya, izici zokulima kahle

Isitshalo esihle saseBeneonia sihlotshisiwe hhayi kuphela amapaki, amapaki kanye nezingadi, kodwa futhi ngamafulethi ethu. Kungomndeni waseBetonia, okubandakanya izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-2000 ezehlukene. Ngenhloso yokuhlobisa, yasetshenziswa eminyakeni engu-200 edlule. Ake sithole konke mayelana nembali ye-begonia - ukunakekelwa ekhaya, ukuthi ungayandisa kanjani futhi uyivikele ezifweni.

Izinhlobo ze-begonia zasendlini

Le ntombazane enhle yabizwa ngokuthi uMichel Begon, owathola kuqala isitshalo esingaziwa ekhulwini lama-17 e-Antilles. Namuhla, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene ze-begonias zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. I-Ornamental-inqabile. Abanayo stem ejwayelekile. I-pubescence yabo enhle kakhulu ikhula ngokuqondile emmpandeni, ibe nomumo ohlukile nombala: obomvu, ukuthutha, ophuzi, obomvu ngisho nomhlophe. I-begonias edumile kakhulu edume kakhulu yiRoyal, Metallica, Tiger nabanye.
2. Ukuhlobisa kanye nezimbali. Lezi zihlanganisa i-begonias ngezimbali ezinhle zama-shades ahlukene: u-begonia u-Baby Vin, i-Elatior, i-Ambasador, njll.

Uqala nini u-begonia wangaphakathi?

Uma unikeza imbali yase-begonia ukunakekelwa okufanele ekhaya, khona-ke iyoqhakaza kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu kuyathandwa ngabathengisi abaningi. Ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izimbali zasendlini begonia zihlobisa indlu noma indlu kuze kube sekwindla. Ezinye zezinhlobonhlobo zayo, isibonelo, i-Elathior egcwele izimbali, ingaqhakaza kuphela ebusika. Etshalwe emgwaqeni, lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kuphela ezinyangeni zasehlobo: kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSeptemba.

Kungani i-begonia engaphakathi ingaqhakaza?

Ngokuvamile, igumbi laseBetonia liyeka ukuqhuma ngenxa yokunakekelwa ngokwanele kwalo. Lesi sitshalo singase singafani nemibandela yokunakekela nokugcinwa:

• ukukhanya okuncane;
• umoya omile kakhulu;
• izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu noma liphakeme kakhulu;
• umanyolo obuningi;
• ubukhona bezingqikithi.

Uma ususa zonke lezi ziphutha, u-begonia wakho omuhle, ukunakekela ekhaya okulula, kuzophinde kuhlume. Uma lokhu kungeke kwenzeke, ungasebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "usuku olufushane" lokuthola. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaviki amabili, kubalulekile ukumboza i-begonia ngefilimu emnyama, ngaleyo ndlela kuyancishiswa ngokunciphisa usuku lokukhanya. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaqabunga aqala ukugxila kuye. Khona-ke usuku lokukhanya kancane luqala ukwanda.

Igumbi laseBegonia - ukunakekelwa

Uma ubheka imbali efana ne-begonia, ukunakekelwa kahle ekhaya, kuzogcina ubukeka obuhle, futhi izimbali zayo ziyoba ziningi futhi zihlale zihlala njalo. Izinkomba ezilandelayo zibaluleke kakhulu kulokhu:

1. Ukukhanyisa. Imisebe yelanga ilanga kuyadingeka ukuze izimbali ze-begonias ziqhakaze, kodwa kusukela elangeni elishisayo ngqo kungcono ukuba i-pritenyat ukuthi amaqabunga angashiswa.
2. Ukushisa. I-Begonias ifaneleka kakhulu ehlobo langaphakathi 20-22 ° C kanye nobusika 15-18 ° C.
3. Ukungcola komoya. Ukunakekelwa ne-begonia ekhulayo ekhaya ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imvelo yayo imvula, nje ungayifaki. Kungcono ukufaka ibhodlela ngesitshalo emgodini ofakwa kwisitsha esikhulu. Emhlabeni wonke ubeka imithi, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile uyayinisela ngamanzi, okuyinto, ephuma, iyohlinzeka ngo-begonia ngokuswakama okudingekayo.

Pot for begonia begomo

Ukutshala isiqu esincane saseBeonia, udinga ibhodlela elincane 5-6 cm ngesayizi ngemigodi yamanzi. Cishe ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, lapho isitshalo se-begonia sikhula khona, kufanele isetshenziswe kwisitsha esikhulu, ubukhulu bayo buyi-8-10 cm. Ukufakelwa okulandelayo, kuye ngokuthi izimpande zakhiwe, kufanele zenziwe ngemuva konyaka, futhi ibhodlela kufanele lithathwe okwesithathu kunangaphambili . Uma ungahambisani nalo mthetho futhi kusukela ekuqaleni usitshala imbali enamandla amakhulu, khona-ke izimpande zayo zingase ziqale ukubola.

Umhlabathi we-begonia wangaphakathi

Imbali ka-begonia, ukunakekelwa ekhaya okungukuthi, kuhlanganise nokutshala okulungile, kuyayithanda inhlabathi enomsoco futhi evulekile. Njengoba izimpande zibuthakathaka futhi zisezingeni eliphansi, umhlabathi we-begonia wegumbi kufanele ube yomoya-futhi umswakama-uqobo, futhi i-acidity yenhlabathi ibuthakathaka. Indawo ye-begonias ingathengwa esitolo. Uma ufuna ukuzibhala ngokwakho, ingxube kufanele ibe nezingxenye ezinjalo:

• peat - izingxenye ezimbili;
• amaqabunga umhlaba - izingxenye ezimbili;
• isihlabathi - ingxenye engu-1;
• umquba - ingxenye eyodwa.

Ukuze ukhululeke kakhulu enhlabathini, ungangezela i-vermiculite, i-coconut fiber noma i-perlite. Kuhle kakhulu ukunciphisa u-acidity wenhlabathi yomhlabathi noma ufulawa wama dolomite. Ingxube elungiselelwe kufanele ihlwetshwe, isuse konke okufakiwe okukhulu. Ngemuva kwaloko, umhlaba kufanele uhlalwe ngamanzi abilayo noma ubhakwe kuhhavini. Lokhu kuzobhubhisa zonke izinambuzane ezincane ze-pathogenic. Ngaphansi kwebhodini, gcwalisa amagugu noma udaka olwandisiwe.

Ungamanzi kanjani u-begonia ekhaya?

Lesi sitshalo esihle kakhulu se-hygrophilous. Ngakho-ke, ukunisela i-begonia ekhaya kungenye yezakhi ezibalulekile zokunakekelwa kwembali. Ochwepheshe batusa ukunamathela emithethweni ethile:

1. Hlela uhlelo lokudonsa phansi kwe-tank.
2. Amanzi kufanele aphuze ekamelweni lokushisa, elivikelwe emini.
3. Moisten inhlabathi kufanele ibe uma isomile ngokujula kwe-1.5 cm.
4. Esikhathini sekwindla nobusika, manzi imbali kanye ngesonto. I-begonia i-tuberous igcinwa ngesikhumba esomile ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokunisela.
5. Ehlobo, ukuchelela kufanele kube nokuningi. Amanzi ukuze amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi angena emigodini yamanzi.
6. Ukuhamba ngesikhathi esishisayo kusho ukuchelela u-begonia nsuku zonke.
7. Ungavumeli ukuqhuma kwamanzi, kuvame ukuholela ezimpandeni ezibolayo.
8. Ukunisela kufanele kube yimpande, njengoba i-begonias eminingi ayithandi umswakama ngezimbali namaqabunga.

Ukutshala kabusha u-begonia ekhaya

Ukunakekela imbali kuhilela ukufakelwa kwesikhashana. Abaqalayo banesithakazelo sokutshala i-begonia ekhaya. Isibonakaliso esiqinisekisiwe sokuthi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe yizimpande eziphuma emgodini wokugeleza. Thatha i-begonia ngokucophelela embizeni bese ukhulula izimpande kusuka enhlabathini endala. Imaminithi engama-30, uwabeke esisombululo esincane esibomvu se-potassium permanganate, bese ugeza ngaphansi kwamanzi, ngenkathi ususa izimpande ezomile noma ezibolile. Ngemuva kokumisa kancane, sihlwanyela isihlahla embizeni, okuyinto enkulu kunaleyo eyedlule.

Ukondla u-begonia ekhaya

Labo abanesithakazelo sokunakekela ukunakekelwa kwe-begonia yangaphakathi, kufanele wazi ukuthi esinye sezici zokunakekelwa ngumanyolo wesitshalo. Izimbali ze-begonias zidinga ukondliwa kabili ngenyanga, kusukela ngesikhathi lapho zizoba khona amahlumela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izimali ezihloselwe izitshalo zezimbali, eziqukethe i-phosphorus ne-potassium. I-begonia ehlobisa futhi enomsoco idinga umanyolo we-nitrogen. Uma amathuluzi anjalo asetshenziselwa izinhlobo zezimbali, khona-ke izimbali ngeke zenzeke nhlobo.

I-Begonia - ukunakekela ekhaya emva kokuthenga

Labo abalimi bembali abazinquma ukuhlobisa indlu yabo ngesitshalo esihle, udinga ukwazi amanye amaphuzu amahle ekunakekeleni imbali yase-begonia ekhaya ngemva kokuthenga kwayo:

1. Ukukhetha indawo. Uma u-begonia uvele ekwindla noma ebusika, kungcono ukuyibeka entshonalanga noma empumalanga yefasitela, futhi kuthengwa ehlobo kumele kufakwe esiteji senyakatho esenyakatho. Zama ukuvumela ama-drafts futhi ungadlulisi isitsha endaweni ngezindawo.
2. Ukunisela. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuthenga i-begonia, amanzi akufanele aphuze. Uma igumbi lishisa ngokweqile futhi limile, ungafaka imbiza yamanzi eduze kwe-vase. Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuqhathaniswa, isitshalo singanisela uma kunesidingo.
3. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuthenga, ungasheshi ukutshala i-begonia, ikakhulukazi uma ivimba. Esikhathini sokufakelwa, kuphela isitshalo esikhukhulayo noma inhlabathi kuso izidingo zekhwalithi ezingabaza.
4. Ukuhlukanisa. Kuphela amasonto amabili, futhi emva kokuphela kwayo kungenzeka ukubeka u-begonia eceleni kwezinye izimbali.

I-Begonia - ukunakekela ekhaya ebusika

Uma isitshalo sendlu yakho siqhakaza yonke ihlobo, bese sekuqala inkathi ebandayo, inesikhathi sokuphumula. Ukukhula nokunakekela isikhathi sokulala saseBebonia ebusika kanje:

1. Akufanele ukufakelwa kabusha ngalesi sikhathi.
2. Nciphisa ukuchelela. Ukuze kungabangela ukubola kwezimpande, imbali inganisela ngalesi sikhathi kuphela uma inhlabathi ebhodweni iba eyomile ngokuphelele.
3. Hlonipha umoya. Njengoba inkathi yokushisa ekamelweni igoma ngokweqile, kungenzeka ukufuthola umoya ekamelweni elivela ku-atomizer noma ukufaka indwangu emanzi emabhethri.

Indlela yokuqothula u-begonia ekhaya?

Lapho ukhula imbali yaseBeneonia, ukunakekelwa ekhaya kulandelwa izihlahla eziphoqelekile. Ngaphandle kwalendlela, awukwazi ukutshala isitshalo esihle. Uma kungenziwanga, i-stem izokwelula, amahlumela ayoba mncane, kanti amaqabunga - aphansi. Ukuqothula i-begonia ekhaya kuyadingeka ukwakha umqhele omuhle futhi uthuthukise izimbali. Kuhle kakhulu ukwenza lokhu ekwindla. Abalimi bembali abahlangenwe nakho batusa le ndlela yokulungisa ikhaya laseBetonia:

1. Ngesikhathi sokuqala, u-begonia osemusha kufanele athenwe lapho iziqu zalo zifinyelela ukuphakama kuka-6-7 cm. Iphuzu liyakunqunywa ngommese obukhali, okuzokhuthaza ukukhula kweziqu ze-lateral.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuchelela kumele kuncishiswe ngaphambi kokuqala kwamahlumela amasha.
3. Uma nje izitshalo ze-lateral zikhula zibe ngu-10 cm, amathiphu azo kufanele anqunywe, aqiniseke ukuthi ukusika kungenziwa phezu kwezinso ezikhula ngakwesokunene.
4. Esikhathini esizayo, kudingekile ukunciphisa amahlumela athulwe ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi nokususa izitshalo ezimisiwe ukuze kugcinwe umqhele omuhle.

Indlela yokusakaza i-begonia ekhaya?

Abathandi abanamakhasimende abathandekayo bemifino bafuna ukwazi ukuthi i-begonia ekamelweni yanda kangakanani. Izindlela zokuzala zixhomeke kuhlobo lwembali kanye nesistimu yayo:

1. Cuttings. Ngakho i-begonias enesisindo sanda. Sika isiqu esingaba ngu-10 cm ubude, susa amaqabunga aphansi, futhi usike isigamu esiphezulu. Ngemuva kokumisa lezi tincetu, usike isiqu emhlabathini, uthele embizeni, emaqabeni. I-sapling ihlanganiswe ibhodlela lepulasitiki, futhi ngenyanga uzothola i-begonia entsha.
2. Imbewu. Ngale ndlela, zonke izinhlobo ze-begonias ezimbali zizala. Emhlabathini wokuthengwa oswakanyisiwe usakaze imbewu, ukucindezela kancane emhlabathini (ungafafazi inhlabathi). Phezulu ngepakethe bese ufaka ukushisa. Izithombo kufanele zivele emavikini amabili. Uma kubonakala amaqabunga, izitshalo zifakwa ezinkomishi.
3. Ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Entwasahlobo isihlahla esikhulu sase-begonia singahlukaniswa. Siyisusa embizeni, susa izimpande emanzini bese usika isihlahla ngommese ukuze kuhlukaniswe okungenani eyodwa igciwane noma izinso emkhakheni ngamunye. Izinhlamvu zifafaza amalahle achotshoziwe, zitshale izihlahla ezintsha ezimbizeni ezihlukahlukene bese uwahambisa.
4. Ukukhiqizwa yiqabunga. Isetshenziselwa ukuba i-begonias ukuthi ayinayo isiqu. Kubalulekile ukusika iqabunga elilodwa eliphilile. Beka eplanini eliphambene bese usika izintathukazi ngommese obukhali ukuze ngamunye ube nemigodi engu-1-2. Faka izingcezu zibe yingxenye enhlabathini enomswakama bese umboza phezulu nephakheji. Lapho kuvela amahlumela, izitshalo ezincane zitshalwe ebhodweni.

Izifo ekamelweni laseBenesonia

Izifo zalesi sihlahla zihlobene ngokuqondile nekhwalithi yokunakekelwa, futhi akunandaba nhlobo ukuthi i-begonia ivela kumbewu yakhula ekhaya noma ikhule ngomuthi omdala. Kukhona izifo zakhe ezinjalo:

1. Ukubunjwa okumhlophe - ezimpandeni bese kushiya umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka kubonakala.
2. Umkhuhlane we-Powdery - amaqabunga neziqu zimbozwa amabala amhlophe ngesimo se-powder.
3. Ukubola kwempande emnyama - izimpande zembali ziqala ukuguqula ubumnyama nokubola.
4. Ikhukhamba le-mosaic virus - amaqabunga akhubazekile, avela amabala aphuzi namasongo.
5. Nematodes - izimpande zavela ezimpandeni, futhi amaqabunga avuliwe.