Ukwelashwa kwama-neoplasms amahle emzimbeni womuntu kuhloswe ekubhujisweni kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza we-pathologically. Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kuvumela ngokushesha ukuwaqeda nokuvimbela ukukhula kwe-tumor, kodwa kuhlotshaniswa nezinkinga, ngoba ukulimala kwezicubu ezinempilo ngesikhathi senqubo akukwazi ukugwema.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa zezicubu ezimbi
Imisebe ye-radiation ionizing ithinta amangqamuzana e-pathological ngezindlela ezimbili. Okokuqala, i-radiotherapy ikhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwama-molecule, okuyisisekelo se-cytoplasm yanoma yikuphi ukubunjwa kwezinto eziphilayo, ama-peroxide kanye nama-radicals, ngaleyo ndlela ecasula ukubhujiswa kwesakhiwo seseli. Okwesibili, imishanguzo yonakalisa i-DNA ye-tumor ngokubonisa i-athomu yawo yonke ioni.
Njengoba kubonakala, ukwelapha imishanguzo ekwelashweni komdlavuza kungenye yezindlela eziphumelelayo kakhulu zokumisa ukukhula kwe-neoplasm, futhi nokuvimbela imetastasis. Ngenxa yendlela echazwe ngayo yokwelapha, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-cell esebenzayo kuvinjelwe, futhi umphumela wabo owonayo kumelela imvelo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-radiation kwenziwa kanjani?
Kuze kube manje, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zenqubo:
- ukude;
- i-radionuclide;
- oxhumana naye.
Esikhathini sokuqala, izicubu ezinempilo zikhona phakathi kwe-tumor kanye ne-radiator. Naphezu kokunemba okuphakeme nokukwazi ukugxila kumadivayisi wanamuhla we-radiotherapy, kunomonakalo kumaseli azungezile. Lokhu kuphazamisa imiphumela eminingi engalungile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, indlela ijwayele kakhulu ngenxa yokutholakala kwayo nokuxhasana, kanye nemiphumela yokwelashwa okusheshayo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Radionuclide kuhilela ukwethulwa ngqo emzimbeni wegazi lomuthi wezokwelapha, okuyinto, ukuqoqa kuphela amangqamuzana okugula, uyobhubhisa lesi sifo. Ngesinye isikhathi i-agent ijojowe emzimbeni we-tumor ngomjovo.
Uhlobo lokugcina lokugcoba lusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa noma ngezicubu eziseduze nesikhumba. Ukuxhumana nokwelapha kukuvumela ukuba wenze irradiation enembile kakhulu futhi egxile kakhulu ngaphandle kokulimaza amangqamuzana angomakhelwane anempilo.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa - imiphumela emibi
Hlukana nemiphumela yendawo nese-systemic yokwelashwa kwemisebe. Imiphumela yendawo yendawo ibonakaliswa ngendlela yokushisa, ukulimaza, ukuhlukumeza kwemithambo yegazi kanye nemithambo yegazi ezindaweni zokungcola, ukuqothuka kwezindawo eziye zabhekana nokushiswa kwemisebe.
Imiphumela emihle ingenxa yempendulo yomzimba ekuqhekekeni kwamangqamuzana awonakele:
- ukuhlanza kanye nokucabangela;
- ushintshe esithombeni segazi, ukucindezelwa kwenqubo ye-hematopoiesis;
- ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka;
- izipikili ezinamahloni, ukulahlekelwa izinwele .
Ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa okukhulunywe ngaye ngenhla, kuningi okudingekayo okudingekayo, okunye okuwukudla okukhethekile.
Ukudla okunomuthi wokwelashwa
Ngokuyinhloko, kufanele sigxile kwimikhiqizo yemvelo enempilo eqinisekisa ukudla okunomsoco kanye nokudla kuwo wonke amavithamini kanye nezakhi zokulandelela ezanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhipha amafutha agcwele, ushukela, i-lactose ekudleni, kanye nokubukhali, okuthosiwe, ukubhema, i-confectionery, iziphuzo ze-carbonated nekhofi.
Imikhiqizo ethandwayo:
- amafutha yemifino;
- imisipha, inyama yenyama, izinhlanzi zasolwandle;
- imifino kanye namakhambi amasha, izithelo, izithelo ezomile, amajikijolo;
- amantongomane, imbewu;
- imikhiqizo yobisi evutshiwe;
- amaqanda;
- isinkwa esingenamvubelo ;
- ama-juice amasha, amanzi amaminerali.
Ukubuyiselwa emva kokwelashwa kwemisebe
Imiphumela engalungile yokuvezwa kwemisebe yanyamalala kancane kancane, ngokuvamile phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-2-3. Ukuze kutholakale ngokugcwele kubalulekile ukunamathela ekudleni okuchazwe, kanye nokulandela izincomo ze-oncologist yokuphatha.