Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezithinta ukuphefumula, kuye ngokuthi imbangela ne-pathogen - indlela engcono kakhulu

Ngezifo ezithathelwanayo zegciwane lomzimba umzimba wethu uhlangana izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. Ngomzimba omzimba oqinile, umzimba ngokushesha upheqa izinambuzane ezinobungozi eziyingozi futhi ubavimbele ekuthuthukiseni. Uma ukuzivikela komzimba kubuthakathaka, kuyadingeka ukumsiza ngezindlela ezehlukene ukunqoba amakhaza futhi uphinde uphile impilo enhle.

Kuyini i-ARVI?

Zonke izifinyezo eziziwayo ze-ARVI zibhekwa njenge-acute infiratory infection. Ngaleli gama kusho iqembu lezifo ezinezibonakaliso ezifanayo futhi zithinta uhlelo lokuphefumula. I-SARS ifakwe eqenjini lezifo ezithathelwanayo zokuphefumula, okubili kokubili amagciwane kanye namagciwane. Kunezimbangi ezingaphezu kuka-200 ze-ARVI ezibangela izifo ezinjengomkhuhlane, i-parainfluenza, umkhuhlane we-avian, i-adenovirus, ukutheleleka kwe-rhinovirus, ukutheleleka kwe-coronavirus, njalonjalo.

Izimbangela ze-ARVI

Izifo I-ARVI ibhekisela ezifweni ezithunyelwa ngamaconsi. Umthombo wesifo ngumuntu othelelekile okungenzeka angazi ukuthi uyagula. Igciwane lingena emoyeni ngokukhipha, ukukhwehlela nokukhuluma kanye nezinhlayiya zamathe kanye namasamu. Indlela yesibili yokutheleleka kungenxa yezandla ezingcolile. Ukuphatha ezokuthutha zomphakathi, ukuphatha izingqwembe ezitolo, ukuphatha iminyango, ukuxhaphaza - konke lokho kubangela usongo kubantu abangahambisani nemithetho yokuhlanzeka.

I-ARVI evamile - Izimbangela

Sizungezwe inani elikhulu lama-bacteria namagciwane. Nsuku zonke sibhekana nezinhlobo eziningana zezifo eziphilayo, kodwa ngenxa yokuzivikela okuqinile kwe-immune sihlala siphephile. Amagciwane kanye nama-bacteria ayingozi kithi ngesikhathi isivikelo sethu segciwane sibuthakathaka. Isizathu sokunciphisa amandla okuzivikela omzimba yizici ezinjalo:

• ukucindezeleka njalo nokuhlangenwe nakho;
• i-supercooling ;
• ukudla okungenamkhawulo;
• isimo esingavumelekile esingokwemvelo;
• izifo ezingapheliyo;
• ukuxhumana njalo nama-virus ngenxa yemisebenzi yobuchwepheshe.

Izifo ezithathelwanayo zokuphefumula ezivame ukuqhuma njalo ziyisibonakaliso sokuthi kudingekile ukuthi ubuyekeze indlela yokuphila yomuntu futhi uthole izimbangela ezinciphisa umzimba. Ngokuhlukile, umuntu kufanele acabange ngezindlela zokuzivikela ezingasetshenziswa ngcono. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakwa kufanele kuhokhwe ezinyathelo zokuvimbela ezokunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka emzimbeni.

Ukutheleleka kwegciwane lokuphefumula - izimpawu

Akukhathaleki ukuthi yisiphi igciwane esibangele ukushisa okuvamile, izimpawu ze-SARS kuzo zonke izimo zizofana:

• ukushisa komzimba okwandisiwe;
• imisipha ebuhlungu;
• ikhanda;
• izikhukhula;
• ukunciphisa ukudla;
• sneezing;
• umkhuhlane ;
• ikhala eligijima.

Ngosuku lwesibili noma lwesithathu, izimpawu ezilandelayo zengeziwe:

• ukukhwehlela;
• ukuzwakalisa izwi;
• ukwandisa i-lymph nodes ;
• ukuminyanisa kwamanzi;
• ubuthakathaka.

Kungakanani izinga lokushisa elihlala ku-ARVI?

Ukushisa ku-ARVI kungenye yezimpawu ezibonisa ukungena kwegciwane le-pathogenic. Kungaba isibonakaliso sokuqala kwesifo, noma singase sibonakale sihlangene nabanye. Kulokho izinga lokushisa elizofinyelela khona, kuxhomeke emandleni egciwane kanye namandla okuzivikela komzimba. Ngomkhuhlane, izinga lokushisa lingakhuphukela ku-39-40 degrees ngosuku lokuqala futhi uhlale kulezi zibalo izinsuku ezinhlanu. Kulesi simo, kuyoba nzima ukulahleka nokubuyela emahoreni ambalwa. Ngokushisa kancane, izinga lokushisa lingakhuphuka libe yizi-37-38 degrees.

Isikhathi lapho izinga lokushisa lizophakanyiswa lixhomeke esimweni senkambo yesifo. Uma ukushisa okufana nokushisa kungadlulela ezinsukwini ezingu-5, izinga lokushisa elinokutheleleka obuthakathaka lingabuyela emazingeni ajwayelekile ngosuku olulandelayo. Ngokwesilinganiso, nge-ARVI, izinga lokushisa lihlala izinsuku ezingu-2-5. Ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa ngemuva kokuwa kwejwayelekile ngaphandle kwe-antipyretics kuyisimanga esibi. Ukweqa nokuphindwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngezibalo eziphakeme ezinsukwini ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-5 kungabonisa ukuthi kwenzeka ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga.

Indlela yokuphatha i-ARVI?

Ukutheleleka nge-respiratory-virus kuphathwa ngosizo lwezindlela ezinjalo:

1. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-antiviral. Okwamanje, imboni yemithi ayinayo izidakamizwa ezithinta zonke izinhlobo zegciwane. Zonke izidakamizwa ze-antiviral zinomgomo omncane, okungukuthi, ziphumelela eqenjini elithile lezinambuzane, ezingabonakala ngezindlela zokwelapha.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa nge-interferon yabantu. Izidakamizwa ezinjalo zisiza ukunqoba ngokushesha ukutheleleka nokunciphisa imiphumela emibi yalesi sifo.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo okuvuselela i-interferon yayo.
4. Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesifo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izidakamizwa ze-antipyretic , ama-antihistamine, amaconsi okwelapha i-rhinitis, amavithamini, ama-analgesics.
5. Ukuhambisana nokudla: ukudla okudliwayo, inqwaba yamanzi, izithelo ezintsha, imikhiqizo yobisi omuncu.
6. Amakhambi omphakathi. Basiza ekunciphiseni inkinga yesifo bese bephuthuma ukuphola. Ngomkhuhlane omncane, ungenza kuphela ngezindlela zendabuko zokwelashwa.

Imithi evela ku-ARVI

Uma umuntu eqala ukunqoba izimpawu zomkhuhlane, kufanele uqale ukuphuza imithi evela ku-ARVI. Imithi enjalo iphumelela ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane:

1. Izidakamizwa zokulwa namagciwane kanye ne-immunomodulating : Arbidol, Viferon, Grippferon, Amiksin , Tsikloferon.
2. Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic . Leli qembu lihlanganisa: i-Paracetamol, i-Ibuprofen, i-Nurofen.
3. Ama-antihistamine . Basiza ukususa ukuvuvukala kwezingqimba zamangqamuzana nokuhlanganiswa kwamanzi. Leli qembu lihlanganisa: iDedrolrol, Suprastin, Tavegil, Fenistil, Claritin, Loratadin.
4. Amaconsi aseNasal: Vibrocil, Otryvin, Tysin, Rhinostop, Nazivin.
5. Izidakamizwa zokwelashwa komphimbo : Strepsils, Grammidine, Hexaspree, Inhalipt, Lizobakt.

Ama-antibiotics we-ARVI

Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzwe ukuthi ama-antibiotics abizwa ngokuthi yisisombululo se-ARVI. Le ndlela ayilungile ngesizathu sokuthi izidakamizwa zokulwa namagciwane zithinta amabhaktheriya, futhi igciwane yi-agent causative ye-ARVI. Ukudla okungekho emthethweni kwama-antibiotics kuleli cala akusizi ngalutho kuphela, kodwa kungalimaza. Izidakamizwa zokulwa negciwane zingalimaza isimo sesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela kanye nokuphuza ukuphumula.

Uma i-ARVI iyimithi elwa namagciwane, ingabekwa kuphela uma lesi sifo siholele ezinkingeni: i-angululent angina, i-bronchitis, i-pneumonia, i-otitis, i-sinusitis, i-sinusitis, njll. Kulesi simo, udokotela ubeka izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zokulwa ne-antibacterial:

1. Nge-angina, i-antibiotic yochungechunge lwe-penicillin inqunywe: i-Ecoclave, i-Amoxiclav, i-Augmentin.
2. E-bronchitis ne-pneumonia, ama-macrolides (Macropen, Zetamax) ne-cephalosporides (Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone) ayasebenza.
3. Ngezinkinga ezithinta izitho ze-ENT: I-Sumamed, i-Azitrox, i-Azithromycin, i-Hemomycin.

I-SARS - izikhambi zabantu

Amakhambi omphakathi ayingxenye enhle ekwelapheni okuyinhloko futhi angasetshenziswa uma owesifazane esebenzele i-ARVI ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Emakhambi omuntu, ungancoma izikhambi ezinjalo:

1. Ama-teas kanye nama-infusions: ngamaqabunga aphuma, i-lemon, i-chamomile, i-thyme, i-ginger, i-linden.
2. Kusukela ebuhlungu emqaleni, hlambulula ngesisombululo saline, hlanza nesisombululo se-lemon-usawoti, ugeze ngesisombululo se-apula cider uviniga, ubambe emlonyeni i-clove yegalikhi kanye nocezu lwesinki.
3. Ngesibonakaliso sokuqala sezimkhuhlane kuyasiza ukuphakamisa izinyawo zakho emanzini ashisayo ngokufaka isardadi.
4. Kuwusizo ukugeza ikhala ngesisombululo se-saline noma ukumnika okunciphisa kwe-aira.

Izinkinga ze-ARVI

Nakuba esikhathini sethu kukhona imithi eminingi yokwelapha izifo, izinkinga ku-ARVI - akuvamile. Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zezifo zokuphefumula ezinzima ziyi:

1. I-bronchitis enamandla. Lesi sifo siqala ngomphimbo obuhlungu futhi kancane kancane sishintsha ezingxenyeni eziphansi zesimiso sokuphefumula.
2. I-pneumonia yinkinga enkulu kunazo zonke emva kwe-SARS. Ukuvuvukala kwamapayipi akukwazi ukuheha ngokwakho futhi ukugeleza njengengqanda evamile. Ixilongwa kakhulu futhi iphethwe isikhathi eside.
3. I-sinusitis eqondile yinkinga ejwayelekile ethinta izono zempumu. Uma ungaqapheli kahle ukwelashwa kwe-sinusitis, lesi sifo singangena kwifomu elingapheli.
4. I-otitis yemidiya enhle. Le nkinga iyatholakala kalula futhi idinga ukwelashwa ngokucophelela.

Ukuvimbela i-ARVI

Ukusho ukuthi lesi sifo kulula ukuvimbela kunalokho ukwelashwa kufanelekile ku-ARVI.

Ekuvimbelweni kwezifo ze-catarrhal kuhlanganisa izinyathelo ezinjalo:

1. Ukuqinisa ukuzivikela komzimba. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqina, ukudla okunempilo, umsebenzi owenziwe ngokomzimba.
2. Ukugonywa.
3. Ukuvikeleka ngenkathi ebandayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa isethi yezinyathelo ezibandakanya ukugeza izandla, ukugqoka i-gauze yokugqoka, ukugcoba ama-nasal ngamafutha okuzivikela (amafutha e-Oxoline) noma amafutha yemifino, ugweme imicimbi enkulu.
4. Ukuvimbela i-ARVI - izidakamizwa. Ukhetho lwekhemisi lunikeza imithi elandelayo ne-vitamin complexes ekuvimbeleni izifo ze-catarrhal: i-Hexavit, i-Undevit, i-Eleutherococcus, i-Ginseng tincture, i-Magnolia tincture, i-Amizon, i-Arbidol, i-Kagocel, i-Immunal, i-Imudon, i-Neovir, i-Grippferon.