Naphezu kwezinto ezivezwa izinambuzane zamaqabunga e-tomato asetshenziselwa ukulawula izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene zezinye izitshalo, ngokuvamile utamatisi ngokwawo zihlaselwa izifo nezinambuzane. Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela eziningi zomzabalazo, kubandakanya abantu, nezinye noma izinambuzane nezifo zamatamatisi.
Izifo ezivamile zika utamatisi nezindlela zokulwa nazo
I-first and most recognizable in the list of izifo of utamatisi kuyinto ukulimala sekwephuzile . Lesi sifo, i-agent causative ye-fungus, sithinta sonke isitshalo - iziqu zayo, amaqabunga nezithelo. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo sisakazeka kusuka kumazambane aseduze futhi kancane kancane sibhubhise isivuno se-utamatisi.
Okokuqala, amabala avela emaqabunga amathe utamatisi, azophela ngokushesha bese elala, bese isifo sisakazeka kulo lonke uhlanga. Ngenhlanhla, ngokuvamile izithelo zinezikhathi zokuvuthwa ngaphambi kokuba ukulimala kusakaze kakhulu.
Inqubo eyinhloko yokuvikela yokulwa nokulimala kwekwephuzile yisihlukaniso samazambane asuka ku-utamatisi. Futhi uma ukutheleleka kwenzekile, kusele kuphela ukuphambanisa imibhede ngokumnika i-garlic, i-Bordeaux liquid kanye nesisombululo se-salin table.
Esinye isifo samatamatisi sibolile i-vertex . Kubonakala ngokubonakala kwamachashazi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ophezulu okwesithelo, okwenza kube mnyama futhi kuqale inqubo yokubola. Lesi sifo sibangelwa amagciwane, agcinwe ngokhula kanye nezinsalela zezitshalo zangaphambilini.
Izici ezithandekayo zalesi sifo zingamanzi. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ezindlini zokugcina izithombo lesi sifo sikhula kakhulu ezimweni zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ophansi. Isimo sithuthukiswa ukungabi nhlabathi enhlokweni efana ne-potassium.
Indlela eqinisekisiwe yokulwa nokubola kwe-vertebrate iyaphonsa utamatisi esesifo ngezixazululo ze-calcium chloride, i- Bordeaux fluid , i-phytosporin. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ukufaka ngezikhathi ezithile umanyolo we-phosphate-potassium ku-patch ye-tomato nokuphathwa kwembewu ngaphambi kokutshala kunconywa.
Asikho isifo esingajwayelekile - indawo ehlaza okwesibhakabhaka . Isizathu saso yisikhunta-pathogen, esithinta amaqabunga, iziqu kanye nezinye izikhathi izithelo. Ukunqotshwa kuqala ngamaqabunga aphansi ngokusabalalisa kancane kancane. Konke kwenzeka esiteji sesithelo sokuvuthwa. Kusho ukulwa nalesi sifo - ukwelashwa nge phytosporin nesisekelo.
Kaningi futhi sibona ukusabalaza okubomvu ku-macaroni (macrosporiosis) . Lithinta amaqabunga, iziqu nezithelo, ziveza ngokwawo ngamabala amakhulu ama-brown-brown ngezinhlamvu eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukucubungula amabala kufanele kube isisombululo se-copper-soap (20 g we-sulfate yethusi kanye no-200 g isepha ngalinye ibhakede lamanzi).
Ezinye izifo ezingenangqondo zika utamatisi
Ngezinye izikhathi utamatisi udalulwa kwezinye izifo eziyingozi. Isibonelo, ukuvuthwa kwezithelo ezibonakalayo , lapho amabala aphuzi avela esakhiweni sesithelo, kancane kancane ebala. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba esonakele yizicubu ezifile. Ukuvimbela kwalesi simo kuyinto ukugqoka phezulu utamatisi nge potassium nitrate.
Kaningi futhi kungenzeka ukugcina izithelo okuthiwa
Uma utamatisi uthinteka esiteji sesithombo, intamo yempande iba mnyama, ilula futhi ibolile, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umlenze omnyama . Izindlela zokulwa nalesi sifo zivuthwa ngokulinganayo kwezitshalo, ukugcina ibanga elanele phakathi kwamahlumela. Futhi nge-prophylaxis, i-trichodermine iqala ukungena emhlabathini izithombo.