Yini eyenza i-gastroenterologist nokuthi yiziphi izifo ezisiza ukuqeda? Lo mbuzo uthakazelisa abantu abafika kuqala ukubona lo dokotela. I-Gastroenterology, njengokuhlukaniswa kwemithi, inezigatshana eziningana. Zonke zazo, ngenye indlela noma enye, zihlobene nesakhiwo nokusebenza komuthi wesisu womuntu. Zonke izitho zokugaya zingaphansi kochwepheshe kule nkambu.
Kuyini i-gastroenterology?
Abanye odokotela baphatha izitho zokugaya esikhathini esidala, kodwa isifo sokudla kwesisu semfundo yokwelashwa ehlukile sakhiwa kamuva nje, ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Igama lomqondo liqukethe amagama amathathu asendulo esiGreki: "isisu", "ukugaya" nokuthi "ukufundisa." I-Gastroenterology iyindlela yokwelapha yesayensi ehlola iziqu zomzimba kanye nezinqubo ze-pathological ezivela kuyo. Kuye ngezigungu ezithintekayo, kukhona ochwepheshe ngabanye abeluleka ezindabeni ezithile:
- I-hepatologist - i-gastroenterologist efanayo, onguchwepheshe wezifo zesibindi, i-biliary tract.
- I-proctologist itadisha i-anus ne-rectum.
- Zonke izingxenye zekoloni zingaphansi kwe- coloproctology . Ngokuvamile lezi zici ezimbili zihlangene zibe munye.
- Isisu somzimba (ngezinye izikhathi esihlotshisiwe njengesiguli se-gastroenterologist) sibhekene nezinkinga zesisu.
I-Gastroenterologist - ngubani lo kanye nokuphilisa?
Udokotela (udokotela wezingane), umjozi wezinkinga zomzimba noma umsoco wezondlo angathunyelwa kudokotela walesi sikhethekile ukuze axoxisane nendaba yokuthi ayinakho ikhono. Kodwa iziguli zisekhona umbuzo ovulekile: ngubani oyisifo se-gastroenterologist futhi uyiphatha ini? Namuhla lo msebenzi ufunwa. Ngokwezibalo, ukusabalalisa kwezifo zokugaya kuyanda, abantu abangamaphesenti angama-95 bafuna ukubona udokotela, bathola bobabili izingane kanye nabantu abadala kusukela kwabancane kuya kwabakudala. Yini i-gastroenterologist ephatheka udokotela? Lezi zifo ezihambisana nalokhu:
- isisu ( polyps , gastritis , isilonda peptic, njll);
- isisindo senyongo, kuhlanganise ne- cholecystitis ;
- i-spleen (izicubu nama-cysts);
- amathumbu (i-dysbacteriosis, i- colitis , ukuhlasela, njll);
- ama-pancreas ( pancreatitis ).
Ngesikhathi sokuxhumana no-gastroenterologist?
Iningi lezinkinga zokugaya zitholakala ekwamukelweni lokwelapha emtholampilo. Kodwa ekwazi ukuthi uyaphathwa yi-gastroenterologist, uchwepheshe jikelele angathumela isiguli kuye okhononda ngokuphulwa komgudu wokugaya. Izinkinga zesikhathi eside, ukunganaki, ubuhlungu obuhambisana nezinqubo zokugaya - uma kwenzeka udinga ukuxhumana nomgastroenterologist. Izimpawu zokukhathazeka zihlanganisa:
- ubuhlungu esiswini nasemathunjini;
- isifo se-stool;
- ukuhlanza;
- isicasuli;
- isikhumba sesikhumba;
- ukuphuza njalo, njll
Ukwamukela ku-gastroenterologist
Izifo zomuthi wamathumbu zivamile phakathi kwabantu bazo zonke ubudala, ngakho-ke i-gastroenterologist ingaba omdala (jikelele) nomntwana - uyasiza ekubhekaneni ne-dysbacteriosis kanye nokuphazamiseka kwezinsana, izifo zokugaya izingane ezindala. Okokuqala akudingeki ukuba unikeze noma yikuphi ukuhlaziya, konke okudingekile, uchwepheshe uzothola futhi uzonikeza isiqondiso ekusebenzeni ukuhlolwa okudingekile. Esigulwini ngasinye udokotela uyazodwa. Indlela ejwayelekile ye-gastroenterology iqukethe:
- Ukubuza ngomlomo isiguli (anamnesis);
- ukuhlolwa;
- ukuxilongwa okulandelayo.
Ukwamukela ku-gastroenterologist - ukulungiselela
Njengomthetho, awudingi ukulungiselela i-gastroenterologist. Kodwa imitholampilo ethile idinga ukuba ulandele izincomo ezithile: uma kunokwenzeka, ungayeki ukudla nokumanzi, ungabhubhisi izingubo ezimhlophe, ngoba kungathathwa udokotela ukuze ahlaziye. Uma uhlela ukwenza isifundo ngesisu, izilonda ezinzima noma ze-duodenal, odokotela ngabanye futhi kusengaphambili uzokutshela ukuthi ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa: ngabe uhlala ekudleni ngaphambi kwesikhathi, uthathe i-laxative noma wenze i-enema. Konke okunye udokotela-gastroenterologist wamukela amakhasimende ngemithetho ejwayelekile.
Ukuhlolwa kanjani ne-gastroenterologist?
Emhlanganweni wokuqala, udokotela ulalela izikhalazo eziyinhloko, uthola izimbangela zesifo futhi uzama ukuthola izixhumo ze-phenomenon. Ukuze uhlolisise i-pathologies, kusetshenziselwa izindlela zokuhlola zomzimba, okuyinhloko okuyi-palpation, ukulinganisa kwesisu ukuze uthole umthombo wobuhlungu. Lapho indawo yasendaweni itholakele, udokotela angakhipha isethi yezifundo ezengeziwe ezingase ziqinisekise noma ziphikise ukuxilongwa. Ezinye izindlela ezibandakanyekile ekuhlolweni kwe-gastroenterologist: ingxabano (ingxabano) kanye nokuhlaziya (usebenzisa i-stethoscope).
Yikuphi ukuhlaziywa okhethiwe noma okhethwe yi-gastroenterologist lapho kuhlolwa?
Izifo ezixilongwa futhi ziphathe igastroenterologist zingadinga ucwaningo olwengeziwe. Ukuthola i-pathologies ehlukahlukene esetshenzisiwe
- i-ultrasound;
- rectomanoscopy;
- ikholonoscopy ;
- I-Fibrogastroduodenoscopy.
Yikuphi ukuhlaziya okhethiwe noma okhethwe yi-gastroenterologist ngaphandle kwalo noma lokhu? Okuvamile, okunqunyelwe abantu abadala kanye nezingane: ukuhlaziya umchamo kanye namanzi, igazi jikelele kanye negazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungadingeka i-enzyme immunoassay (ukukhomba i-Helicobacter pylori).
Ukubonisana kwe-gastroenterologist
I-gastroenterologist inguchwepheshe osebenza emsebenzini wamathambo, kepha ukubonisana kwakhe kungadingeka ngisho nangomuntu onempilo esengozini yezifo ezithile. Izinkinga zokugaya ziyashukunyiswa yizinto eziphilayo ezimbi, ukuxhashazwa kokudla okusheshayo, ukusebenzisa isikhathi eside imithi, ukuhamba kwezifundo ze-radiotherapy kanye ne-chemotherapy. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kutuswa ukuvakashela le dokotela njalo eminyakeni 2-3.
Amabhodi we-gastroenterologist
I-gastroenterologist iqonda indlela izinqubo zokuqubuzana komzimba ezenzeka ngayo emzimbeni, ukuthi izitho zomsebenzi wokugaya umzimba futhi yiziphi izenzo ezibangela ukugulisa. Uma izifo ezinjalo zikhona esigulini, ukugwema ukukhuphula kuzosiza ukuhambisana nemithetho ethile. Mayelana nokudla okunomsoco nokufanele nokuqedwa kwezifo ezivamile kuzokutshela izincomo ze-gastroenterologist. Zilalelwa ngabantu abaqapha impilo yabo nalabo abazama ukugwema ukuwohloka kwesimo sabo ngenxa yezinkinga ze-GI.
Umkhandlu we-gastroenterologist ngokudla okunomsoco
Iseluleko esivela udokotela kulokhu okhethekile mayelana nokudla okunempilo.
Ukuze silondoloze impilo futhi singabhubhisi amagciwane, izincomo ezilandelayo kufanele zilandelwe:
- Ungasebenzisi kabi utshwala. Ikhuthaza 80% wezifo zesibindi.
- Khetha imikhiqizo emisha. Ukudla kumele kuhambisane nemifino, izithelo, inyama, inhlanzi, njll.
- Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanoni, ukudla okumnandi. Amakholomu we-gastroenterologist yezingane angavumela futhi ama-citrus, amanzi aphethwe yi-carbonate, ushokoledi.
- Qaphela izithako zokudla kanye nemithi yasemakhaya.
- Noma yikuphi ukudla kufanele kuvunyelwane nodokotela. Ezinye izinhlobo zokuzila zingabangela amatshe ezinso.
- Kunconywa ukunamathela ekudleni okuncane, kuncane, kodwa kaningi (izikhathi ezingu-4 ngosuku).
I-tips gastroenterologist ye-gastritis
Ukubhekana ne-gastritis, isifo esivamile sabantu abasha futhi abakhuthele, sizosiza i-gastroenterologist. Indlela engavumelekile yokuphila (ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi, ukudla engingagijimi) nokudla okungalungile kube yi-provocateurs ye-gastritis. Udokotela uncoma ukuqeda ngokuphelele imikhuba emibi: ukudla ngokweqile, utshwala, ukuvakashelwa njalo ezindaweni zokudla okusheshayo. Uma uphatha imithi yegastritis ngokwemithi futhi usaqhubeka nokuziphatha ngokungalungile, inkinga ngeke isombululwe.
Kuyafaneleka ukulalela amathiphu alandelayo:
- Shintsha imodi yamandla. Yidla kancane, izikhathi 3-4 ngosuku.
- Ukudla kufanele kube yizithako ezilula ezithandwa kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuzihlanganisa ngokufanele (inyama enomuthi nemifino).
- Kunconywa ukufudumala ukudla ngaphambi kokwamukelwa. Kumele kube nemfudumalo futhi ithambile, kuvunyelwe ukugaya izitsha ku-blender.
- Hlanganisa ukudla okheniwe, okuthosiwe, ukuhlafuna i-gum, izitsha ezibabayo.
- Hlola ibhalansi yamanzi (1-2 amalitha ngosuku).
- Ungakhohlwa ngamavithamini.
Amabhodi we-gastroenterologist ngokuqokwa
Inkinga ngesitulo iphazamise abantu bazo zonke ubudala. Ngezinye izikhathi ezikwelapha nezinye izinkinga kunezincomo. Lezi zihlanganisa ukuhlukunyezwa okungavamile, okuncane kakhulu, ukuvimbela amathumbu. Ukuze ulungise isimo sokudla emathunjini ukugula kuzosiza, imikhandlu ye-gastroenterologist ikhulelwe ukuyithinta.
Izincomo zaludokotela zilandelayo:
- Ukwandisa ukungena kokudla okuphezulu e-fiber.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi (amanzi alula, isobho, amajusi).
- Ukudla njalo.
- Ukuhlafuna ngokudla.
- Gwema ukucindezeleka nokucindezela ngokweqile.
Abantu abaningi banesithakazelo kulo mbuzo: uyini ukwelashwa kwe-gastroenterologist? Lo mchwepheshe uwusizo lapho kwenzeka khona izinkinga eziningi zomuthi wamathumbu, akawazi kuphela ukuthi angazixilonga kanjani, kodwa futhi ukuphulukisa ngokushesha. Iseluleko esiwusizo lo gastroenterologist unikeza mayelana nokuvinjelwa kwezifo, okuvame kakhulu kuwo ukuqotshwa kanye nesisu somzimba. Ngalezi zinkinga, abantu bazo zonke ubudala bakhuluma nodokotela, futhi bonke ochwepheshe bazama ukusiza ngemva kokuhlolwa nokuhlolwa.