Inkulumo yokukhangisa ukuthi amabhaktheriya we-pathogenic nama microbes abanjwe kuzo zonke izinyathelo anezizathu zangempela. Ungatheleleka ngaphandle kokugeza izandla emva kwendlu yangasese, udla izithelo ezingcolile, noma umkhiqizo we-stale ngisho nokushayela esithwalini esithwala ibhethri. Kodwa akudingekile ukumemezela ukukhwabanisa kwamagciwane - phakathi kwazo kunezinambuzane eziwusizo, futhi eziningi izifo ezitholakala nge-pathogenic umzimba wethu uye wajwayela ukulwa kusukela ebuntwaneni.
Yimaphi amabhaktheriya ayenayo i-pathogenic?
Uma usondela kuleyo nkinga evela kumbono wesayensi, akufanele ukwesaba amabhaktheriya nhlobo: iningi lazo lihlala emzimbeni wethu kusukela ekuzalweni futhi lilawula izinqubo ezibalulekile, njengokugaya, ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone kanye nokumelana nezifo. Yebo, amanye amabhaktheriya, isici somzimba wethu, aphikisana nokusabalalisa kwamanye amagciwane. Lokhu kusebenza nakancane ngemvelo yemvelo yamathumbu, ubulili, umlomo womlomo, ngisho nemigodi yezindlebe. Amanye amabhaktheriya ahlala emzimbeni angaba yingozi ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle zokukhiqiza ngokushesha. Isibonelo, i-cocci ehlukile. Amanye angena emzimbeni evela ngaphandle futhi abangela izifo ezimbi. Ama-bacteria ahlukene kakhulu afaka:
- E. coli ;
- i-spirochetes (i-typhoid, i-syphilis);
- Shigella (isisu);
- I-Mycobacterium (isifo sofuba, uchoko);
- i-mycoplasma (i-pneumonia);
- i-bacilli (i-anthrax, i-tetanus);
- i-listeria (i-listeriosis);
- i-vibrios (ikholera, vibrosis);
- i-clostridia (i-botulism);
- i-pyogenic (i-sepsis, i-conjunctivitis);
- i-cocci (staphylococci, streptococci, meningococci, pneumococci);
- i-salmonella (isisu kanye ne-paratyphoid, i- salmonellosis ) nabanye.
Ukulwa namabhaktheriya abangela isifo
Amabhaktheriya abangela izifo angabangela izifo zendlela yokuphefumula, uhlelo lwe-genitourinary neziningi zangaphakathi. Ukungena emzimbeni ngesifo sokuzivikela okubuthakathaka, okhathele yimithwalo ephakeme nokucindezeleka, banda ngokushesha, bekhuphula njalo ukugxila kokutheleleka. Yingakho ngaphandle kokulawulwa kwamasosha omzimba ngesikhathi esifanele, amabhaktheriya amaningi akakwazi ukunqotshwa. Kodwa udokotela kuphela oqeqeshiwe angakhetha ukwelashwa okufanele kwezidakamizwa, ngoba ngezinhlobo ezithile kanye nezinhlobo zebhaktheriya kukhona ikhambi elithile, ukucindezela umsebenzi wabo, noma ukubulala izinambuzane ezincane. Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka ngamabhaktheriya e-pathogenic kuyinkimbinkimbi. Kulula kakhulu ukuthatha izinyathelo ezithile zokuzivikela, ukuze uvimbele ukungena emzimbeni.
Kunezindlela ezilandelayo zokulwa nezifo eziphilayo ezingavumeli ukuba zingene emzimbeni:
- I-pasteurization kanye nenzalo yemikhiqizo . Njengoba sekuyaziwa, amabhaktheriya amaningi awabekezeleli izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Njengoba bevezwa isikhathi eside, bafa kakade ngo-30-40 degrees Celsius, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lingasetshenziswa phakathi nemizuzu embalwa nje. Ama-bacteria abangela izifo abangela ukuhlushwa, lapho elayishwa ngamanzi aluhlaza nobisi, hhayi inyama eyanele okuthosiwe. Kodwa imikhiqizo ephathwe nge-thermally iphephile ngokuphelele.
- Ukuqaphela ukuhlanzeka komuntu siqu . Ukutheleleka
Ama-bacterium e-pathogenic ngokuvamile avela ngamaconsi, noma ngokuthinta izinto, izinto zomuntu onegciwane. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ugeze izandla kaningi, ugeze izingubo, futhi uvimbele igumbi. Uma ufika ekhaya uvela emgwaqweni, kuhle ukugeza impumu yakho bese ugeza umhombo wakho ngamanzi afudumele. - Ukupholisa kukuvumela ukuthi umise inqubo yokukhiqiza amabhaktheriya.
- Amasila kanye nemvelo enomsoco abulala ama-microorganisms amaningi. Amabhaktheriya abangela izifo kanye nezifo abangelayo ayesaba imiphumela yamakhemikhali.
- Ilanga eliqondile libulala inani elikhulu lezifo eziphilayo ezinyangeni eziyi-15-20 zokuchayeka.