Bacteriophages - Species kanye nenjongo

Okuwukuphela okunye okusebenzayo ekusetshenzisweni kwama-antibiotic kusuka kuma-bacterium we-pathogenic kuze kube yimanje yiziphahla noma ama-bacteriophages. Ziyizigciwane eziqondile ezithinta izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemikhakhazane. Amaqembu amaningana ayaziwa ngemithi, lapho ama-bacteriophages ahlukaniswa khona - izinhlobo nezinhloso zalezi zinambuzane zakha isisekelo senqubo ejwayelekile evunyelwe.

Iyini i-bacteriophages?

Kukhona imindeni engu-19 yama-virusi obuzwayo. Zihlukile ngohlobo lwe-nucleic acid (i-RNA noma i-DNA), isakhiwo somzimba nesimo.

Ekusebenzeni kwezokwelapha, i-bacteriophages ihlukaniswa ngokwezinga lokubhujiswa kwama-bacterium e-pathogenic:

  1. Okumangalisayo. Igciwane, ukungena kumaseli ezincane, liqala ngokusheshisa futhi likhuthele, cishe liholela ekufeni kwamabhaktheriya (umphumela we-lytic).
  2. I-moderate. I-bacteriophages kancane kancane futhi ichitha kancane kancane isakhiwo sezinambuzane ezincane ze-pathogenic, kodwa ibangele ushintsho olungenakuguqulwa kuzo, ezidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ezilandelayo ze-microbes (effect lysogenic).

Namuhla, izinhlobo ezichazwe zegciwane ziyasetshenziswa njengenye indlela emithi elwa namagciwane ukuze ukwelashwa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-bacteria. Phakathi kwezinzuzo zabo, kubalulekile ukuphawula izinzuzo ezilandelayo:

  1. Ifomu elula yokukhululwa. Ama-bacteriophages akhiqizwa ezibhebheni futhi ngendlela yesisombululo sokuphathwa komlomo.
  2. Imiphumela emibi embalwa. Ngokungafani nama-antibiotics, i-bacteriophages engaphansi kancane ibangela ukubonakaliswa kokugula, ayikhiqizi imiphumela emibi emzimbeni emzimbeni.
  3. Ukungabi nokuphikisana kwama-microbial. Ama-bacterium anzima kakhulu ukuzivumelanisa namagciwane, futhi imiphumela eyinkimbinkimbi ayinakwenzeka.

Kukhona ukungalungi:

Izinhlobo ze-bacteriophages nokusetshenziswa kwazo

Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi yiziphi amagciwane ezichazwe, emithi, ama-bacteriophages amaningi nezinkimbinkimbi aqukethe izinhlobo eziningana zalezi zincane ezincane.

Lapha, yiziphi i-bacteriophages - uhlu kanye nencazelo:

  1. Isisu. Kuphazamisa kabi izifo ze-typhoid fever, i-salmonella.
  2. I-Dysfag, i-dysentery polyvalent. Esetshenziselwa uketshezi lwebhaktheriya, kubangela ukufa kukaShigella Sonne noFlexner.
  3. Klebsifag, Klebsiella pneumonia. Siza ekwelapheni izifo ze-urogenital, ukugaya ukudla, uhlelo lokuphefumula, izifo ze-septic pathologies, izifo ezihlinzekwa yi- pneumonia klebsiella .
  4. Klebsiellezny polyvalent. Kuyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi ebulala uKlebsiella hhayi kuphela ukuphefumula, kodwa futhi ama-rhinoscleromas, ozena.
  5. I-Colitis, uma. Ukuphumelela ekwelapheni kwanoma yiziphi izifo zangaphakathi nezesikhumba ezibangelwa u-E. coli enteropathogenic E. coli.
  6. I-coliproteophage, i-coliprotein. Iphazamisa kakhulu amagciwane angaphakathi kwe-Proteus ne-Escherichia. Kuhloswe ukwelashwa kwe-colpitis, i-cystitis, i-colitis, i-pyelonephritis nezinye izifo ezibangelwa ngamathumbu emathunjini kanye ne-prost.
  7. Iproteophagus, i-Protean. Kubangelwa ukufa kwe-proteus microbes mirabilis ne-vulgaris ethize, okungukuthi ama-causative agents of pathologies okuvuvukala amathumbu emathumbu.
  8. Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lysers amabhaktheriya pseudomonas aeruginosis. Kunconywa ukuba i-dysbiosis, kanye nokwelapha ukuvuvukala ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zomzimba ezibangelwa uPseudomonas aeruginosa.
  9. Staphylophage, staphylococcus. Ukuphulukisa ngokushesha i-staphylococci, ekhishwa ngenxa yesifo esithile se-purulent.
  10. I-Streptophagus, i-streptococcal. Kufana nendlela yokwenza ibhethriophage yangaphambilini, kodwa isebenza ngokumelene ne-streptococci.
  11. Intersti. Kuyinto elula ukulungiselela i-salmonella, i-shigella, u- E. coli , i-staphylococcus, i-enterococci, i-pseudomonas aeruginosa ne-proteus.
  12. I-piopolyphage, i-piobacteriophage ehlangene. Ikhambi lifana nezinhlobo zangaphambilini, kodwa futhi liphumelela kusuka ku-streptococci.
  13. I-Sextapage, i-pyobacteriophagous polyvalent. Ukwengeza ubulala escherichia coli.
  14. I-piobacteriophage eyinkimbinkimbi. Ingxube ye-phagolysates ye-enterococci, streptococci, staphylococci, vulgaris kanye nama mirabilis proteasis, klebsiella oxytoca kanye ne-pneumonia, escherichia coli, i-pseudomonas aeruginosis.