I-anesthesia ibaluleke kakhulu kunoma yikuphi ukuphathwa kokuhlinzwa. I-anesthesia ejwayelekile idingekile ukuphumula kwemisipha egcwele, i-analgesia yesiguli esanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhulula isiguli sezinkumbulo ezingathandeki zomsebenzi. Kodwa kunezinkolelo eziningi ezingesabisayo mayelana naloluhlobo lwe-anesthesia, okwenza kube nzima ukuba isiguli sihlanganyele nodokotela.
Kungenzeka yini ukwenza i-anesthesia ejwayelekile nhlobo, kuyingozi kangakanani empilweni nasekuphileni?
Phakathi kwemibono evamile mayelana nohlobo lwe-analgesia oluchazwe, kunezinkolelo-ze zokuthi i- anesthesia iyanciphisa isikhathi sokuphila, isithinte kabi umsebenzi wenhliziyo, iholela ekusebenziseni ubuchopho obungenakuphulukiswa, ngisho nokuphelelwa umphumela obulalayo.
Eqinisweni, zonke lezi zinkolelo ziyizinto ezijwayelekile. I-analgesia ejwayelekile yindlela ephephile ngokuphelele yokucindezela okwesikhashana ukuqonda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubangela izinkinga ezincane kanye nemiphumela emibi kune-anesthesia yasendaweni, kungabhekisi ngokufa - ingozi yokufa, isibonelo, kusukela ephindwe izikhathi ezingu-25 eziphakeme.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amalungiselelo okusungulwa kweziguli endaweni ye-anesthesia ayathuthukiswa njalo. Ngakho-ke, ungakhathazeki mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kokuphendula okweqile. I-anesthesiologist yezobuchwepheshe iqoqa njalo idatha mayelana nempilo yesiguli kusengaphambili ukuze igweme imiphumela emibi engenzeka.
Ngabe yiziphi izinkampani eziphikisana nazo ezihlotsheni ezijwayelekile?
Awekho ukuphikisana okuphelele kokuhluka kwe-analgesia okucatshangelwayo. Inomboro enkulu yemithi ehlukene ye-anesthesia iye yasungulwa, inhlanganisela yayo evumela ukuthi ukhethe inhlanganisela ngayinye yemithi yesiguli ngasinye. Kwezinye izimo, i-anesthetist isebenzisa imali engaba yishumi nanhlanu.
Noma kunjalo, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukuyeka ukusebenza ngokusetshenziswa kwe-anesthesia jikelele ngenxa yokucindezela okuphezulu kokugubha noma ukukhushulwa kwezifo ezingapheliyo. Kodwa ukungenelela okuhlinzayo akukhanseliwe, kodwa kuhlehliselwa kuphela kuze kube mzuzu lapho isimo sesiguli sinelisekile.
Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile?
Ngemuva kwesinqumo sokuphatha ukuhlinzwa, ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwesiguli kanye nokuqoqwa kwedatha ukuhlanganisa i-anamnesis enembile iqala.
Ngaphambi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, kusungulwa ukuthi umuntu unomkhuba wokwenza izifo ezihlukahlukene, izifo ezingapheliyo zenhliziyo, isifo sokuphefumula, isimiso sezinzwa.
Futhi, i-anesthesiologist, kanye nesiguli, ngokuhambisana nesimo sakhe sengqondo nesokwenyama, ikhetha indlela ye-analgesia. Imithi yokucindezeleka kwengqondo ingafakwa ngezindlela ezintathu:
- Ngaphandle. Kusetshenziselwa i-catheter ekhethekile, isidakamizwa sijojowe egazini ngesikhathi se- anesthhesia engenazinhlungu .
- Inhalation. Ukuhlinzeka ngezinzwa kuhanjiswa ezithombeni zokuphefumula ngokusebenzisa isisindo sombuso.
- Ihlangene. Faka isicelo kokubili amasu anesthesia ngenhla.
Ekuqaleni kokusebenza, i-anesthetist yenza imisebenzi ejwayelekile - ihlola inhliziyo, iphefumula, iphinde ikhiphe isigxobo se-veipheral. Emva kwalokhu, isiguli singene esimweni sokulala okujulile.
Ngokungenelela okuhlinzekwe isikhathi eside, ingozi yokucindezeleka ukuphefumula kufanele igwenywe, ngakho-ke umoya womoya uyadlula. Ingasetshenziswa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- I-tub intubation. Ngosizo lwe-laryngoscope, ufaka i-larynx bese uvula inkulumo.
- Mask Laryngeal. Idivayisi ifakwe emphinjeni ngaphandle kokungena ngaphakathi kwe-larynx.
Ngemuva kokusebenza, amadivayisi wokugcina ukuphefumula asusiwe.