Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngamahomoni e-thyroid kungakunqunywa odokotela bokuzikhethela okuhlukene futhi njengamanje kunconywa kakhulu kuzo zonke izivivinyo ze-hormone. Lolu cwaningo lufanelekile engxenyeni yabantu besifazane, lapho izifo zegciwane zikhona izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi eziyishumi kunamadoda. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe, ukuthi yiziphi i-hormone ze-TTG ne-T4 ezinomthwalo wemfanelo, yiziphi izindinganiso zazo ezijwayelekile, nokuthi zingachaza ukuphutha.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone ye-thyroid
I-gland yegciwane iyisitho se-endocrine system, edlala indima ebalulekile ekulawulweni kwezinqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu. Iqukethe izicubu ezixhunyiwe ezihlaselwa yizigaxa, izitsha zegazi nezethempeli. I-Shchitovidka iqukethe amaseli akhethekile - ama-thyreocytes, aveza ama-hormone e-thyroid. I-hormone esemqoka ye-gland yegciwane yi-T3 (triiodothyronine) ne-T4 (tetraiodothyronine), iqukethe iodini futhi ihlanganiswa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.
Ukwenziwa kwamahomoni wegciwane kubangelwa ukuthuthukiswa kwesinye i-hormone - i-TSH (thyrotropin). I-TTG ikhiqizwa ngamaseli e-hypothalamus lapho ithola isignali, ngaleyo ndlela ivuselela umsebenzi wegland we-thyroid futhi ikhulise ukwenziwa kwamahomoni wegciwane. Lezi zindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi ziyadingeka ukuze igazi libeke kahle njengamahomoni amaningi asebenzayo wegciwane, njengoba kudingeka umzimba ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Izindlela zamahomoni wegciwane TTG no-T4 (mahhala, jikelele)
Izinga le-hormone le-TTG lingatshela ochwepheshe mayelana nesimo esijwayelekile segciwane le-thyroid. Ukujwayelekile kuyinto 0.4-4.0 mU / L, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kwezinye laboratories, kuye ngokuthi indlela yokuhlola esetshenzisiwe, imingcele evamile ingahluka. Uma i-TSH iphakeme kunenani elilinganiselwe, kusho ukuthi umzimba awunakho ama-hormone we-thyroid-stimulating (i-TTG iphendula ngalokhu kuqala). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinguquko ku-TSH ngeke zithembele kuphela ekusebenzeni kwegciwane le-thyroid, kodwa nasekusebenzeni kobuchopho.
Kubantu abanempilo, ukuhlushwa kwe-hormone ye-thyroid evuselelayo kungashintsha kungakapheli amahora angu-24, futhi inani elikhulu kakhulu egazini lingatholakala ekuseni. Uma i-TTG ingaphezulu kunejwayelekile, ingasho ukuthi:
- ukugula kwengqondo okukhulu;
- izinkinga ekusebenzeni kwe-grenal adrenal;
- ukuzama ngokweqile ngokomzimba;
- ukukhulelwa;
- i-hypothyroidism;
- ukungabi khona kwe-gallbladder;
- gestosis enamandla, njll
Inani elanele le-TSH lingase libonise:
- i-thyrotoxicosis;
- umsebenzi wehla we-pituitary gland;
- izicubu zobuchopho;
- imfundo enobungozi emthonjeni wegciwane, njll.
I-hormone yegciwane le-T4 kwabesifazane yilona:
- mahhala (engahlotshaniswa nama-proteine egazi) 0.8-1.9 ng / dl;
- inani le-4.5-12.5 μg / dl.
Izinga le-T4 lihlala lingavamile kulo lonke ukuphila. I-concentrations esiphezulu iyabonakala ekuseni nasekwindla-ebusika. Ingqikithi yenani eliphelele le-T4 landa ngokuthwala kwengane (ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yesithathu), kuyilapho okuqukethwe kwe-hormone yamahhala kungancishiswa.
Izimbangela zesifo sokukhula kwe-hormone T4 kungaba:
- ukukhuluphala;
- goiter enobuthi ;
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala emathisheni wegciwane;
- Ukutheleleka nge-HIV;
- isisu esibi esibelethweni, njll.
Ukunciphisa inani le-hormone ye-thyroid ye-thyroid ngokuvamile kubonisa ukuthi kunezifo ezinjalo:
- ukuntuleka kwe-iodine emzimbeni;
- autoimmune thyroiditis ;
- ukuphazanyiswa kwe-hypothalamus;
- ama-neoplasms e-gland yegciwane, njll.