Elinye lamagciwane ejwayelekile kakhulu umdlavuza womphimbo, okuyinto, ngokwezibalo ze-WHO, kubangela ukuthi abantu abangu-10 000 bahlupheke unyaka ngamunye, kanti iziguli ezingu-4000 zithola ukuhlushwa okungekho emthethweni. Ukuze ungalokothi ulahlekelwe isikhathi, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi iziphi izimpawu zomdlavuza womphimbo kuyizici.
Izimbangela zeCarry Larynx
Odokotela bakuthola kunzima ukuchaza isizathu esiqondile somdlavuza womphimbo, kodwa kakade kungenzeka ukuthi ukwazi ukuthola izici ezithinta ukuqala kwesisu. Ngakho, ngokuvamile izibonakaliso zomdlavuza womphimbo ziqala ukuphawula:
- Ababhemayo nabantu abahlukumeza utshwala;
- izisebenzi ezivuselela u-asbestos noma uthuli lwamalahle; ukukhuphuka kwe-tar, benzene;
- iziguli ezinegciwane le-papilloma;
- abantu abanomkhuhlane obuthakathaka.
Izimpawu ezingavamile zomdlavuza womphimbo zilotshwe kwabesifazane - isisu, njengoba umthetho, sithinta amadoda 40 - 60.
Kukholelwa ukuthi ukubunjwa okubi kungacasulwa ngokungahambisani nokuhlanzeka okuyisisekelo kwesikhumba somlomo futhi ukufaka ukudla okushisa kakhulu noma okunezinyosi ngendlela efudumele.
Akumelwe udideke ngomsindo omncane!
Ngenxa yokuthi izibonakaliso zokuqala zomdlavuza womphimbo zifana kakhulu nezimpawu ze-laryngitis ne-angina, ukuxilongwa okulungile kuphethwe isikhathi eside, futhi isikhathi esiyigugu sokwelashwa silahlekile.
Uma kungakapheli amasonto ambalwa noma izinyanga ezimbalwa, naphezu kokwelashwa okukhuthele, umkhuhlane, ukudumazeka nokukhwehlela akupheli, kufanele uhlolwe ukuthi uzobona noma ungabandakanyi i-oncology.
Kunezigaba eziningana zomdlavuza womphimbo, izibonakaliso nezimpawu zazo ezihluka kancane kulokhu noma kuleso sikhathi sesifo:
- I-precancerous - i-tumor ayizange inikeze ama-metastases, ayizange isakaze kuma-lymph nodes.
- I-grade 1 - i-pharynx noma i-larynx isivele ithinteke yi-tumor.
- I-Degree 2 - i-tumor yanda, isakazekela ezitho ezingomakhelwane. Ama-lymph nodes ashintshwe yi-metastase eyodwa.
- I-grade 3 - i-neoplasm ikhula ngobukhulu obukhulu nakakhulu, izicubu ezizungezile nezitho zithinteka, kukhona inani eliqakathekile lokulonda nesilonda.
- I-degree 4 - imetastases ibonakala ngisho nasezikhaleni ezikude.
Lesi sifo siqala ukukhula kwesinye sezigaba ezintathu zama-larynx - ama-sublingus (amacala angu-3%), i-ligamentous (32%), ngaphezu kwegamentali (65%) - bese isakazeka kuyo yonke iminyango.
Indlela yokuqaphela umdlavuza we-laryngeal?
Ezigaba zokuqala zalesi sifo, izimpawu zomdlavuza womphimbo zenziwa:
- ubuhlungu emqaleni, okungabeka endlebeni;
- shintsha ngezwi lezwi, ukubonakala kokuthuka (ngezinye izikhathi izwi liyanyamalala ngokuphelele);
- ukuzwa okubuhlungu lapho ugwinya amathe kanye nokudla;
- ukuzwa komzimba wangaphandle emphinjeni;
- ukuphefumula.
Inkambo eqhubekayo yesifo iholela ku:
- i-hemoptysis, ukukhishwa kwe-sputum;
- ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo emqaleni;
- ukuvinjelwa kwesigaba ngokusebenzisa isisindo sokudla;
- ubuhlungu ezindlebeni;
- iphunga elifakwe emlonyeni;
- i- lymph nodes nokuvuvukala entanyeni;
- ukukhwehlela okungafani noma ukukhwehlela nge-paroxysmal.
Lezi zimpawu zomdlavuza womphimbo kanye ne-larynx kwezinye izimo zihambisana nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esibucayi.
Ukuxilongwa nokubikezelwa
Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, udokotela uya endaweni yokuhlola i-laryngoscopy - i-laryngeal cavity ngosizo lwama-laryngoscope optical noma
Ukuze unqume ukuthi inqubo ye-tumor isakaze kangakanani, ikhompyutha ye-tomography iyenziwa.
Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-tumor kuhlanganiswe nokwelashwa kwama-radiation. Uma izifo zomdlavuza womphimbo zihlelwe ngezigaba 1 kuya ku-2, ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kunika isilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu sokusinda ku-75 kuya ku-90%, ngesigaba sesi-3 lokhu kungaphansi - 63-67%.