I-Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) - okokuqala kungenzeka ngemva kokuba ingane ifike eminyakeni eyishumi. Okokuqala kubonakala sengathi uhlobo lwe- phobia , ukukhathazeka, futhi umuntu uyakwazi ukubona ukungabi nandaba kokukhathazeka kwakhe nokubhekana nayo. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuzithiba kulahlekile, isimo siyancipha.
I-Obsessive-compulsive syndrome
Ukucindezeleka okuqaphileyo noma i-syndrome yi-neurosis eyinqaba, lapho umuntu ecasulwa khona ngombono noma umbono obangela ukwesaba futhi wenza izenzo zokuphoqelela (eziphoqelekile). Isiyaluyalu singaba ingxenye eyodwa, noma obsessional - ngokomzwelo, noma ukuphoqa - nge-obsessions yomkhuba. Ibonakala ngezindlela ezahlukene:
- i-episodically;
- iqhubeka minyaka yonke;
- okuqhubekayo okungapheliyo.
Isifo esibhekene ne-Obsessive-compulsive - izimbangela
Konke kunesizathu saso - futhi ukuziphatha okuphoqeleka nge-obsessions akuyona into ehlukile. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha nabachwepheshe bezokwelapha babethulela izinkomba eziningi zokuqala kwalesi sifo. Isifo esibhekene ne-Obsessive-compulsive - izici ezikudala nezimbangela:
- ukuphazanyiswa kwe-homeostasis kanye nokusetshenziswa komzimba jikelele;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal;
- imiphumela ye-craneocerebral severe;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo;
Ezinye izizathu:
- ukukhuliswa okuqinile nokuziphatha ngokwezenkolo;
- ubudlelwano obunzima nabantu;
- ukumelana nokucindezeleka okuphansi.
Isifo esibhekene ne-Obsessive-compulsive - izimpawu
Isimpawu esiyinhloko sokukhathazeka okucindezelayo yilokhu noma ukuthi isimo esibucayi, imicabango ephindaphindiwe, izindikimba zazo ezingafani. Izimpawu nezimpawu zesifo:
- isimo sokukhathazeka okungenangqondo, esandulela imicabango eyiphutha;
- ukuziphatha okungokwenkolo - ukunyakaza okuphazamisayo okuhlose ukuqeda ukukhathazeka;
- ukwanda kwezinkathazo ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi othukile;
- ukubonakaliswa ngokomzimba: izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo elinyukayo, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukujula kesikhumba, ukujuluka okubandayo.
Isiyaluyalu esicindezelayo-i-compulsive - izibonelo
Bonke abantu babhekene nokukhathala, ukucindezeleka, imicabango ephazamisayo evulekayo, ihlaziywa ikhanda okwesikhashana, kodwa ngemva kokuphumula okuhle, ukukhululeka kwehlisa amandla, umuntu uxazulula inkinga nokukhathazeka njengoba kungakaze kwenzeke. Uma kungenjalo, konke kwenzeka ngezinkampani zangempela nokucindezela, zihamba, zithole amandla futhi zizinzile "ngokugcwele."
Isifo esibhekene ne-Obsessive-compulsive - izibonelo ezivela ekuphileni:
- ukwesaba ukungcola nge-microbes - umuntu wesaba ukuthinta izingxenyana, izikhwama, izingodo zokuthutha zomphakathi;
- ukwesaba izingozi ezingenzeka (ukuphanga, ukubulala, ukudlwengula);
- ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe: ngabe umnyango uvaliwe, igesi, insimbi, ukukhanya (buye emsebenzini uhlole futhi);
- inkolelo-mlando - umuntu ngeke ashiye indlu ngaphandle komkhuba othile, efunda umthandazo;
- imibono ehlukumezayo yokuziphatha ngokocansi ngezingxenye zokuhlukumezeka - umuntu ugwema ukusondelana ngenxa yokwesaba ukulimaza umlingani.
Ukucindezeleka okucindezelayo okuqaphileyo - imiphumela
Ukucindezeleka okucindezelayo okuphazamisayo kuthinta kabi impilo yansuku zonke yomuntu, imicabango nezicabangela ezingathí sina ziphoqelela ubudlelwane nabathandekayo, lo muntu uzikhukhumezile. Phakathi kwabantu ababhekene nalesi sifo se-neurotic, ingxenye enkulu yabantu abangaqashiwe - umuntu ngezinye izikhathi uyesaba ukuphuma endlini, akhubazeke ngenxa yokwesaba kwabo. Ukuphila komuntu siqu kuphazamiseka.
Isifo esibhekene ne-obsessive-compulsive - ukwelashwa
Indlela yokuphatha ukuphazamiseka okweqile-kulo mbuzo, izazi ze-psychotherapists zivame ukuphendula lokho ngaphandle kokunquma imbangela eyabangela lesi sifo ukufezekisa ukukhipha noma ukuphilisa "unomphela" - ngeke kwenzeke. Lapho zonke izici zokucindezeleka zikhonjiswa, udokotela ubeka ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi: ukwelapha izidakamizwa nokusekelwa kwengqondo yesikhathi eside. Isifo sokucindezeleka esicindezelayo esiphuthumayo siphathwa ngempumelelo uma umuntu eyeka ukuthembela emiphumeleni eyimfihlo yesifo, ukugwema izimo eziphazamisayo.
Isifo esicindezelayo-ukucindezeleka ekhaya - ukwelashwa ekhaya
Ukuqaphela noma ukuphoqeleka kunzima ukuzilungisa - yilokho okwenzeka lapho ucela usizo kuchwepheshe onguchwepheshe. Umuntu uziphonsa embuthano ononya kusukela ekuphukeni kuya ekuhlulekeni futhi uqala ukuzizonda ngenxa yobuthakathaka oboniswe nokuntuleka kokuzithiba nakakhulu. Kodwa ungayeki, ngisho noma ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka. Esikhathini sokudla ngokweqile, okuyinto evamile phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa, kungenzeka ukuba ucabangele amaqhinga okulwa nokuphazamiseka okweqile ekhaya.
Ukudla ngokweqile - indlela yokulwa yedwa, izinyathelo:
- sebenzisa ngokucabangela- ukuqinisekiswa ;
- ukulahlwa kwemikhiqizo eyingozi - ukudla okuhlanziwe, okuphezulu-carbohydrate kumele kukhishwe ngokungenasici ekudleni;
- ukuzivocavoca - umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca olinganiselayo ukwandisa ukumelana nokucindezeleka futhi ukwandisa inani le-endorphins;
- ukugcina idayari yokudla - kufanele iqukathe yonke imikhiqizo idliwe ngosuku - kusiza ukuhlaziya nokulungisa ngokungazi ukuthi kungakanani ukudla nokudla okudliwa;
- imikhuba yokuphefumula nokuzindla - kulinganisa isimo sengqondo;
- ukulala okugcwele.
Isifo esibhekene ne-Obsessive-compulsive - esibhedlela
Ukukhathazeka komuntu okweqile-okucindezelayo - isifo asikho isidingo sokudinga ukwelashwa esibhedlela ngaphandle kokuba sihambisane nesimo somuntu siqu schizotypic, izici ze-paranoid, ngakho-ke inkambo nokugxekwa kubi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kwesifo sengqondo kuboniswa. Ukuphazamiseka okuqaphileyo - amaqhinga wokuphatha ngesineke kuhlanganisa:
- I-Psychotherapy . Indlela yokuzicabangela-ukuziphatha ikuvumela ukuba uhlaziye izimo ezivusa ukukhathazeka nokwesaba futhi ufunde ukuphatha isimo sakho. Isiguli sigxile ekuvuseleleni okungokoqobo noma okucabangelayo, futhi ngosizo lomuthi ufunda ukuphazamisa impendulo, ukwakha iphethini entsha yokuziphatha. Uma isikhathi eside sisebenzisana nokucasula, ukuphumelela ngokwengeziwe ukuziphatha okusha kulungisiwe. Ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kokwelapha izidakamizwa, i-psychotherapy ayifuni ukuphumelela ekwelapheni i-OCD.
- Pharmacotherapy . Isifo sokuziphatha esicindezelayo esicindezelayo sichitha kakhulu isimiso sezinzwa zomuntu kanye nemithi ngezinye izikhathi - okuwukuphela kokukhetha ukuxazulula isimo. Izidakamizwa ozikhethela ekwelapheni i-OCD:
- ama-anti-depressants of application wide (Clomipramine, Lithium, Buspirone);
- i-serotonin e-reuptake inhibitors (sertraline, fluvoxamine, fluoxetine).