Ukukhulelwa kokuqala kuyinkinga ehlukahlukene engahle ilahlekelwe ngokubaluleka kwayo. Kumvelaphi yayo ayikho into eyodwa, kodwa izizathu eziningana, futhi ngokuvamile izinto eziyinhloko azixhunywanga neze ukuziphatha kabi kwentombazane. Yimiphi imiphumela eyenziwa ukukhulelwa kwentsha, nokuxwayisa mayelana nalokhu, sizocubungula.
Izimbangela zokukhulelwa kwentsha
Ukukhulelwa kwentsha kwenzeka kaningi eminyakeni eyi-15-17, ngezinye izikhathi ngo-14 nangaphambili. Lesi yisikhathi lapho, ekuqondeni kwanamuhla kwenkambiso yaseYurophu, intombazane ayiyona umuntu omdala noma engekho ngokomthetho, noma ngokusho kwezokwelapha. Kulokhu, izimbangela zokukhulelwa kwentsha zihlotshaniswa nezici zenhlalo futhi, uma sifunda izici ezithile, kubonakala sengathi isisekelo esiyinhloko sale nkinga sisekukhulisweni komndeni.
Ungakwazi ukubona izimbangela eziyinhloko zokukhulelwa ekukhuleni:
- Ukungabi nalwazi lokufunda ngokocansi. Akuyona yonke imindeni yabasakhulayo efundiswa ngesikhathi esifanayo mayelana nezindaba ezithandanayo. Ulwazi olutholwa ngabantwana ngocansi oluvela kuyi-intanethi, kusukela oontanga lwabo, ngezinye izikhathi luhlanekezwa futhi lubekwe kude nasezindaweni ezizozivumela ukuba zizivikele ezinkingeni zezempilo kanye nobunzima obungokwengqondo.
- Ukungazi imithetho yemithi yokukhulelwa. Ngisho noma usuqale ukuphila kocansi, akubona bonke abasha abasebenzisa izindlela zokukhulelwa noma abakwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela efanele. Ngenxa yamahloni, bambalwa amantombazane amancane abhekisela lo mbuzo kumjozi wezifo zokwelapha, uthole imithi yokubeletha ekhemisi "kanye nofakazi."
- Ithonya lenkampani embi. Ukukwazi nabangane bakho abaziphatha ngokungenakuvinjelwa, basebenzisa utshwala noma izidakamizwa, ukuzithiba okuzenzekelayo, ngokuvamile kuba yinye yezinto ezicasulayo. Mhlawumbe ukuxhunyaniswa nezintsha ezingenalutho kubangela izinkinga esikoleni, ukuxabana komndeni.
- Ubudlova. Inamba enkulu yamacala ihlotshaniswa nobulili obuhlukumezayo, okuyinto, ngenxa yokuntuleka kobudlelwane obumfihlo nabazali, iyanyamalala, futhi ukukhulelwa kuyaziwa kakade ngosuku oluzayo.
- Isimo sezomnotho nezomnotho. Isimo sezenhlalakahle esincane, amandla ompofu athile amantombazane asebancane ukuba abe nokuphila ngokocansi ngaphambi kokukhula, ashiye umndeni, ashade ngokuphila okungcono.
Izici ezingokwemvelo nezingokwengqondo zokukhulelwa kwentsha
Ngokuvamile izibonakaliso zokukhulelwa kwentsha ziyamangala, ngoba lokhu kungumcimbi ongahlosiwe, lapho amantombazane angakakulungeli khona ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umzimba ukhula, uguquke ngokushintshashintsha kwama-hormonal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkathi yokushicilela ishintsho kusukela ebuntwaneni kuya ekubeni ngumuntu omdala, isigaba sokuthuthukiswa komphakathi nangokomzwelo wobuntu, lapho abantu abasha beqala ukuzibona njengengxenye yomphakathi. Futhi ukubeletha kwasekuqaleni kungaba yisithiyo esikhulu kulokhu kuthuthukiswa.
Yini eyingozi ekukhulelweni kokuqala?
Kusukela ekubukeni komzimba, ukukhulelwa kwentsha kuyinkimbinkimbi kunabantu abadala. Ngesinye isikhathi isilwane esingakulungele ukukwazi ukubhekana nesibalo sokubeletha, ukubeletha. Osemncane, omama abalindayo basengozini enkulu yokwelapha i-toxicosis, i-anemia, isongo sokukhulelwa kwesisu, ukuhlukana kwesibeletho nezinye izifo. Kukhona amathuba amakhulu ukuthi umntwana uzozalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, uzoba nezindlela ezihlukile. Uma ingane yesikole ekhulelwe ikhetha ukukhipha isisu, ingaba yindlela yokubeletha ne-endocrine, i-infertility.
Inkinga yokukhulelwa kwentsha
Ukukhulelwa okungafunwa kwentsha kubangele ukwethuka, ukwesaba nokwehliswa. Owesifazane okhulelwe akakwazi ukuhlola ngokuzimela isimo, futhi lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu kwengqondo. Inendima ebalulekile kulokhu ingadlalwa ngumuntu omdala onokwethenjelwa ngumntwana omncane, obani umbono wakhe ukuziphatha okuqhubekayo kanye nomphumela wokukhulelwa ngokuvamile kuxhomeke.
Ngokuvamile inganekazi esikoleni ekhulelwe ihlangana nokulahlwa abanye, ukungabi nokuqonda kwabazali bayo. Enye inkinga ngokumelene nalesi sizinda kuyisidingo sokuyeka imfundo, okuqhubekayo kube ukungakwazi ukuthola umsebenzi omuhle, ubunzima bezezimali. Konke lokhu futhi akukona nje kuphela ukudala isimo esingathinteki sintombazane, okwenyusa ingane ukumlahla, ubugebengu obuhlukile. Umama, okumele ulethe injabulo, kuba yinkinga yangempela kubazali abasha.
Izibalo zokukhulelwa kwentsha
Ukukhulelwa kokuqala phakathi kwentsha kubhaliwe minyaka yonke kumantombazane ayizigidi ezingu-16, iningi lazo emazweni aphansi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukukhulelwa kwentsha engama-30% inqanyulwa ukukhipha isisu (ngokuvamile ngezikhathi zakamuva), abesifazane abangu-14% abakhulelwe banesisu, futhi ema-56% amacala, ukukhulelwa kubangelwa ukubeletha.
Ukukhulelwa kokuqala - yini okufanele uyenze?
Ukukhulelwa kokuqala kwentsha kubangela ingxaki: ukuqhubeka nokuthwala noma ukukhipha isisu ? Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici eziningi: impilo yowesifazane okhulelwe, isimo sezezimali, ubudlelwane bomndeni, njll. Abazali baphoqelekile ukuthola ukuthi ngubani obaba wengane yesikhathi esizayo, ngabe ngabe le ntombazane yayingaphansi kobudlova. Owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele ahambele ukubonisana kwabesifazane, ahlole izidingo ezidingekayo. Kunconywa futhi ukuba uthintane nesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo. Uma kuthathwa isinqumo sokuphazamisa ukukhulelwa, kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokuqala.
Ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa kwentsha
Ukuvimbela ukukhulelwa ebusheni, kubalulekile ngesikhathi futhi ngokufanele ukunikeza ulwazi lwezingane ezincane mayelana nezici zesigungu sowesifazane nesilisa, izindlela zokudluliselwa kwezifo zocansi, izindlela zokuvimbela ukukhulelwa. Izinkinga eziningi zingagwenywa uma abazali bekwazi ukwakha ubudlelwane obethembayo nezingane ukuze bangesabi futhi banganqikazi ukwabelana nakho kwabo.