Ukuphuphuthekisa izinkukhu igama elidumile lesi sifo, emithi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-hemeralopia (ukukhubazeka kombono wokuguqula ukukhanya). Umuntu obhekene nalezi zifo, ubona kahle kakhulu ekubuseni nasebusuku, kodwa emini, ubuciko bakhe obubonakalayo buqhubeka.
Kubonakala sengathi - izinkukhu ziphi? Iqiniso liwukuthi ikhono lomuntu, nanoma yiluphi elinye iso, ukuvumelanisa nezimo ngokukhanya okuhlukile kuxhomeke ezingxenyeni ezithombeni ezitholakala kwi-retina: izinduku nama-cones. Ama-cones anesibopho sombono wosuku, futhi izinti, ezinezithombe eziphakeme kakhulu - zobusuku. Kuzinkukhu, ukunamathela ku-retina cishe kungekho, ngakho-ke lapho sekushona kwelanga empeleni baba impumputhe. Ngenxa yalesi sici, isifo lapho abantu bebuthakathaka khona ngombono ebusuku, futhi babizwa ngokuthi ubumpumputhe ubusuku.
Izimbangela zobumpumputhe ubusuku
Lesi sifo siqala ngenxa yokuphulwa kwesilinganiso esiphakathi kwenani lamaconsi nezintambo ebusweni bomuntu, ukunciphisa inani lezintambo noma izinkinga zesakhiwo sesakhiwo sabo, kanye ngenxa yokuntuleka noma ukuphazamiseka kokushintshaniswa kwe-pigment ebonakalayo ye-rhodopsin, equkethwe ezintanjeni.
Kuyinto yesiko ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezintathu zobumpumputhe ubusuku:
- ukuzalwa;
- Okubalulekile;
- uphawu.
Okuvamile kakhulu ubumpofu obusika obubalulekile. Lesi sifo singakhula ngokumelene nesimo sangasese sokungondleki, ngenxa yokungabi namavithamini, okokuqala - i- vitamin A. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungabangelwa i-anemia, isifo sesibindi, ukukhathala komzimba jikelele, ukuvezwa kwezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene.
Ubumpofu obumnyama obusuku bokuqala buba nomphumela wezifo zamehlo, njenge-glaucoma, i-retinitis pigmentosa, i-high degree myopia.
Ubumpofu obubanjwe ubusuku obuvame ukubangelwa yizifo ezithile eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi, i-retinitis ye-pigment noma i-Asher syndrome.
Izimpawu zobumpumputhe ubusuku
Ngenkumputhe yezinkukhu, amehlo ahlaselwa ngokuqinile ezimweni eziphansi zokukhanya. Ubukhali bayo buyancipha, izinto zingabonakala zingenangqondo, zififiwe, insimu yokubukeka ilula, umqondo wombono uphulwa. Ngokuvamile umbono oqondile wemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uhlupheka, noma akukho mbono wombala nhlobo kusihlwa nakusihlwa. Kungenzeka futhi ukubukeka phambi kwamehlo amnyama ngenkathi kuguqulwa ukusuka ekamelweni elikhanyayo kuya emnyama nangemuva.
Indlela yokuphatha ubumpumputhe ubusuku?
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukwelashwa ubumpumputhe bobusuku kuxhomeke kohlobo lwawo kanye nezici ezibangele.
Isifo sohlobo olubalulekile sithatha kalula ukwelashwa. Njengoba ngokuvamile lolu hlobo lobuphofu busuku lubangelwa ukungabi nalutho lwe-vitamin A, khona-ke ukuqeda lesi sifo kukwanele ukuphuza inkambo yamavithamini.
Uma kwenzeka ukungenwa kwevithamini A ngenxa yokudla kwezidakamizwa eziphikisayo (isibonelo, quinine), imithi kufanele ikhanseke ngokushesha futhi inkambo yokudla kwamavithamini kufanele yenziwe ngokushesha. Lapho ubumpumputhe busuku bubangelwa yisifo sesibindi, ukutheleleka nokunye okunjalo, isifo esiyinhloko siyaphathwa ngokuyinhloko.
Ukuvimbela kuphela lolu hlobo lwesifo kungukudla okunempilo. Kufanele udle izaqathe, iklabishi, izithelo ze-citrus, ama-fresh fresh, isibindi sezinhlanzi nezilwane ezincelisayo.
Nge-hemorrhagia ephawulekayo, qalisa kuqala isifo se-iso esisezingeni eliphansi. Lokhu kungaba ukukhethwa kwezibuko ezifanele kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa eziqinile ze-myopia. Ukuthatha imithi futhi, uma kunesidingo, ukuhlinzekwa nge- cataracts noma i-glaucoma.
Ifomu lokuzalwa ngobumpofu abuphenduli ekwelapheni, futhi kuncipha njalo embonweni we-twilight.