Izindlu eziningi namafulethi anezindlu nezimbali. Noma kunjalo, ungakwazi ukuhlobisa ikhaya lakho namanye amasimu aluhlaza nolusizo. Ufuna ukwazi ukutshala ukhukhamba efasiteleni? Le nqubo ilula futhi ingaba yinto yokuzilibazisa yangempela yomndeni wakho wonke.
Ukhukhamba efasiteleni - izinhlobo
Uma ufuna ukuzitholela ikhukhamba elisha, ukhule ngekhaya lakho, ke, okokuqala, udinga ukukhetha izinhlobo ezifanele zamakhukhamba we-balcony ne-window sill. Phela, ekhaya, uma kungekho ukukhanya okwanele, akuzona zonke izitshalo ezingakhula kahle futhi zikhiqize. Ikhukhamba izinhlobo zokukhula endlini kumele zibe nalezi zakhiwo ezilandelayo:
- Ukubekezelela ukuthunjwa kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ngisho naseningizimu yefasitela, izitshalo zizothola ukukhanya okuncane kunesibamba sokushisa noma emgwaqweni;
- ukungazitholi - izinga elibalulekile lezitshalo zangaphakathi, ngoba i-radiator ngaphansi kwefasiteleni kanye nesimo sezulu esibhakabhaka ngaphandle kwefasitela ngeke senze isitshalo sibe namandla futhi siqinile;
- ikhono elihle legatsha lizovumela ukuqoqa isitshalo esikhulu samakhukhamba.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zamakhukhamba ezikhulayo efulethini. Ungathenga imbewu ye-parthenocarpic, okungukuthi, ukuzitholela impova, ama-hybrid. Nazi ezinye zazo:
- I-F1 I-Window-balcony, inomusa omuhle futhi othakazelisayo;
- F1 Elizabeth - nge-tubercles ezincane ngamakhukhamba;
- F1 Patty, F1 Primadonna - izithelo azikhathali;
- Isitayela se-F1 saseRussia - ngamakhukhamba ashubile, siqala ukuhluma ngokushesha.
Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi ukukhushulwa kwamakhukhamba kuma-windowsill okuyizinyosi ezingcolile, ezibhekiswe ngobumnyama obukhethekile:
- I-F1 Relay, i-F1 yama-Olimpiki, i-F1 Marathon inomhlobo wesifazane wezimbali futhi idinga impova yokubumba;
- F1 Umgijimi unelungiselelo lezinyosi zama-ovari, alwe nezifo;
- F1 Faust, F1 ama-hybride aphezulu, ayenze ukubekezelelana komthunzi, kunconywa ukuhlwanyela ekuqaleni (maphakathi noFebruwari);
- I-F1 i-Flagship ne-F1 Arbat ihlwanyelwa ngoMashi, lezi zivuthwa futhi zivumela izinhlobo.
Indlela yokutshala ukhukhamba ekhaya efasiteleni?
Abalimi abaningi bezinqola zezinqola banesithakazelo sokufunda indlela yokutshala ukhukhamba efasiteleni. Ukuze uvune lezi zitshalo eziphuzile, kufanele uhambisane nemithetho ethile:
- ngokubeka amabhokisi ngamakhukhamba endlini, amafasitela abheka eningizimu, eningizimu-mpumalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga ayesifaneleka;
- ekwindla nasebusika, kubalulekile ukuhlela ukukhanyisa kwamakhukhamba ngezibani ze-fluorescent; ngale njongo umuntu angasebenzisa izibonakaliso, izibuko ngisho nesikhumba esilula, ukunamathela ukuze ukukhanya kufike ezitshalweni ezikhulile;
- Ikhukhamba ayithandi ama-drafts, ngakho-ke udinga ukucwilisa ngokucophelela igumbi.
Amakhukhamba akhula kanjani efasiteleni?
Ukuze ukhule ukhukhamba ekhaya efasiteleni, imbewu yabo kufanele ihlume. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukuvela kwezithombo. Imbewu isongwe ngendwangu noma ibeke phakathi kwezingxenye ezimbalwa zephepha lezindlu zangasese futhi iqhutshwe njalo, ingavumeli ukuthi indwangu yome. Imbewu ehlwanyelwe kufanele ifakwe endaweni efudumele, lapho izinga lokushisa lingaba ngu-28 ° C. Cishe ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili, amahlumela amancane azovela. Ngemuva kwalokhu imbewu izitshalwe ngayinye ezinkomishini zepulasitiki, zijule phansi emhlabathini we-1-2 cm. Ngakho-ke uzokhula izithombo, okuzobe sezifakela izitsha ezingaphezulu.
Ukuze uhlakule ukhukhamba esakhiweni sefasitela, ibhokisi noma ibhodlela elimboze amanzi lifanelekile. Ngaphansi kwalo udinga ukuthululela izitini noma igravel ngezitini noma ungqimba we-2 cm, bese - isisekelo, ongayithenga esitolo noma uzipheke. Ingxube yomhlabathi yokutshala ukhukhamba kufanele ibe neqhezu eliphezulu elicebile lomhlaba, i-peat, i-humus. Ku-5 kg wenhlabathi enjalo kunconywa ukuthi wengeze 1 ingilazi yomlotha kanye ne-1 isipuni sekiki.
Esidweni esilungiselelwe ngale ndlela sihlwanyela ukhukhamba asekhulile, kakade uneziqabunga ezingu-3-4. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphonse i-tiplet ye-rootlet, okuzokhuthaza ukubunjwa kwamahlumela amasha esitshalweni. Uma ungafuni ukukhulisa izithombo, ungahlwanyela imbewu yamakhukhamba ungene ebhokisini lomhlaba, uwumboze ngefilimu ulibeke endaweni efudumele. Uma kuvela izithombo, isitsha esinezithombo kufanele sibekwe efayeleni lefasitela, ngokubeka ngaphansi kwayo yonke impahla yokufudumala. Eceleni kwezitshalo, udinga ukufaka isikhonkwane lapho uzobopha khona isobho.
Indlela yokukhulisa ukhukhamba efasiteleni?
Kulesi sigaba, ukunakekelwa kwamakhukhamba efasiteleni kufanele kube kuhle kakhulu:
- Amanzi kufanele aphuze nsuku zonke, esebenzisa amanzi amile kuphela ekamelweni lokushisa ngalokhu;
- Ekuseni, kunconywa izikhathi eziningana ngeviki ukuhlanza izitshalo, njengoba ukomisa kungaholela ekusakazweni kwe-ovary lonke;
- Uma izimpande zezitshalo zikhonjiswa emhlabathini, kufanele zifafazwe ngomhlaba;
- Kanye ngesonto amakhukhamba anikezwa nge-supplementary mineral;
- Ukhukhamba ama-ukhukhamba ngesikhathi, ngaphandle kokuletha izitshalo ukukhathala.
Indlela yokuvotela ukhukhamba efasiteleni?
Izinhlamvu ezingcolile nge-bee zamakhukhamba asekhaya zidinga impova yokufakelwa. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ekuseni. Ukuqeda imbali yesilisa (i-void), kufanele siholele ngobumnene ku-pestle yowesifazane (i-perianth yayo ibonakala ikhukhamba encane). Ngosizo lwembali yesilisa, abesifazane abangu-2-3 bangaba nempova. Ukuze i-pollination ibe nekhwalithi engcono, ungatshala isitshalo esisodwa sezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeF1 Hercules noma, isibonelo, i-F1 Gladiator eduze kwamakhukhamba akho. Ngenxa yalokhu kukhula kwamakhukhamba efasiteleni, emva kwamasonto amabili kuzitshalo kufanele kubonakale izithelo zokuqala.
Indlela yokugcoba ukhukhamba efasiteleni?
Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, kungenzeka ukuba ukhule ikhukhamba ekhaya efasiteleni uma zonke izinyathelo ze-agrotechnical zigcinwa. Esikhathini esiphezulu se-cucumber stalk, izimbali zesilisa noma izimbali ezingenalutho zikhula, kanti abesifazane bayakha amahlumela. Ukuze bakhuthaze ukukhula kwabo, basebenzisa ukuqubuka kwamakhukhamba. Le nqubo iqala lapho isitshalo sinamahlamvu angu-4-5:
- tighten and fasten the trellis phezulu, lapho uzobopha ukukhula amakhokhamba amakhokhamba;
- ukuze kwakhiwe ama-lateral weaves kufanele ahlulwe amahlathi ngaphezu kwamaqabunga ayisithupha, ashiye amahlumela amathathu kuphela (ama-hybrid) noma eyodwa (kwezinye izinhlobo);
- wonke amaqabunga abuthakathaka nabomile kufanele asuswe.
Ungayibopha kanjani ikhukhamba efasiteleni?
Abaqashi bezitshalo zasemakhaya kumele bafunde ukunakekelwa kwamakhukhamba efasiteleni kanye nendlela yokubopha izinhlanzi ezikhulayo. Indlela elula yokudonsa uhlaka lwamafasitela igridi enezikhulu ezinkulu, bese isitshalo sizogxila, sibambelele ekusekeleni ngezintambo zayo. Uma utshala umkhumbi ngenkathi uhlwanyela izithombo zekhukhamba, khona-ke ukuphela komtambo oncanyana kungaboshwa kuwo, kanti enye ekupheleni kwayo ingagcinwa phezulu kwewindi. Ungasebenzisa ukuqhuma okukhonjiwe kanye nesiteji sethambo esilula.
Indlela yokuphuza ukhukhamba efasiteleni?
Ngesinye isikhathi labo abaye banquma ukutshala imifino ekhaya, kungase kuphakame umbuzo, kangaki ukuphuza ukhukhamba efasiteleni. Lezi zitshalo zinesidingo esikhulu sokunisela njalo, kodwa udinga ukwazi ukuthi ezinsukwini ezinelanga, ungakwazi ngisho nokutshala izitshalo kabili ngosuku, kodwa ezinsukwini ezinamafu kufanele ziphuze kancane kancane. Kungcono ukuphuza ukhukhamba kusihlwa noma ekuseni. Kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, i-jet yamanzi akumele ibe namandla kakhulu, ukuze ingadli izimpande zezitshalo.
Ukwengeza ukhukhamba kufasiteleni
Ukulima kwamakhukhamba efasiteleni akukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokudla kwabo okungeziwe. Kodwa ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukwazi ukuthi ukondla amakhukhamba efasiteleni. Qala ukutshala lezi zitshalo cishe amasonto amabili emva kokutshala. Ungasebenzisa, isibonelo, i- nitroamophous noma ukumnika kwamapulangwe emanzini ashisayo. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izitshalo zomanyolo kumele zisele, okuzovikela izimpande zazo ekushiseni okungenzeka. Ukudla okulandelayo kuqhutshwa ngesikhathi sokuqoqa izithombo kanye nokunye okunye - ngesikhathi sezimbali. Lapho kuvela izimbali, izitshalo zondliwa nge-ammonium nitrate kanye ne-sulphate.
Ikhukhamba izifo efasiteleni
Ukhukhamba okhulile ekhaya ugula kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abakhula endaweni yokushisa noma engadini. Kodwa-ke, ukutshalwa kwamakhukhamba efasiteleni angeke kwenziwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezihle. Kunezizathu eziningana ezibangela izifo zekhukhamba efasiteleni:
- ukwephula umbuso womoya umswakama nokushisa;
- ukuphuza amanzi abandayo kakhulu;
- Izwe elidlulile likhethiwe ukutshala ukhukhamba;
- Uma usebenza nesitshalo, amathuluzi angasetshenziswa nge-disinfected asetshenziswa.
Kungani amaqabunga emile ngamakhukhamba efasiteleni?
Uma izitshalo zakho ziqala ukoma amaqabunga, mhlawumbe, ukhukhamba ekhulayo ewindwindini yenziwe ngokungalungile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye zezifo nezinambuzane zesitshalo zingase zenze ukomiswa kwamaqabunga:
- ama-aphid - uma uhlolisisa ngokucophelela ngemivimbo yekhukhamba ungabona lesi sinambuzane esiphundu, esiphuza ama-juice amaqabunga namakhukhamba angafa. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, kufanele uphathe isitshalo nge-garlic ukumnika noma i-insecticide ;
- Ihlumela iqhamuka enye inambuzane eyingozi, yingakho amakhokhamba ephuzi efasiteleni. Izibungu zalo zihlala emhlabathini bese ziqhubekela ezitshalweni ezincane, zibhubhisa. Ngaphambi kokutshala ukhukhamba, hlela i-disinfect inhlabathi;
- Ukubola kwezimpande kuyisifo se-fungal, ekuqaleni amaqabunga ekhukhamba aqala ukuma, bese izimpande zibola futhi lesi sitshalo sifa. Kukhona isifo ngenxa yokungcola ngokweqile noma ukomisa ngokweqile kwenhlabathi. Ukubhekana nalesi simo kungasiza ekuthuleni umhlaba omusha ube yisitsha.
Ikhukhamba eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ku-windowsill
Ngokuvamile kunezimo lapho izithombo zamakhukhamba efasiteleni liphenduka. Lokhu kwenzeka ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene:
- imbewu encane, izithombo zazo zibuthakathaka futhi zibuthakathaka. Uma lokhu kutholakala, kungcono ukuphindisela kabusha ukhukhamba;
- inhlabathi engafanelekile, edingekayo, kufanele ishintshwe futhi ivuselelwe;
- Ukuchelela okwanele noma ngokweqile kungaholela ekomweni kwezithombo;
- ukwephulwa kwezinga lokushisa kanye nemidwebo - esinye isizathu sokuphuza izithombo zekhukhamba.
Ukhukhamba uzama efasiteleni
Uma amakhukhamba asekhaya efasiteleni eqala ukufuna, cishe cishe ayinakho umswakama. Ngesikhathi esishisayo kufanele bafakwe esikhwameni se-spray. Ebusuku, izinga lokushisa kwekamelo akumele libe ngaphansi kuka-15 ° C. Mhlawumbe awunamanzi izitshalo ngokwanele. Ngakho udinga ukulungisa ukuchelela. Lapho ilanga likhanya kakhulu emini, izitshalo zidinga ukuthunjwa, ukunamathisela isilwane noma iphepha elicacile efasiteleni.