Izifo ezithathelwanayo emathunjini ziyiqembu lezifo ezibhekene nesifo sephepha lomzimba. Njengezifo, zande kakhulu, futhi ngokwemvamisa yezinto ezenzeka kubantu kubesibili kuphela ezifweni zokuphefumula, ngakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ukutheleleka kwamathumbu emathunjini kudluliselwa kanjani ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka.
Izimbangela zokutheleleka emathunjini
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokutheleleka yi-bacteria kanye namagciwane. Baveza i-enterotoxin - lokhu kuyingozi ukuthi, lapho ingenwa emathunjini omuntu, ibangela ukuba ibe nobuthi. Ezimweni eziningi, ukutheleleka emathunjini kusetshenziselwa ukudla, amanzi, kanye nezinto ezisendlini.
Amabhaktheriya avamile kakhulu kanye namagciwane abangela izifo yilokhu:
- i-bacillus ye-dysentery (shigellosis);
- i-salmonella;
- i-staphylococcus aureus;
- ikholera vibrio;
- i-rotavirus;
- i-enterovirus.
Wonke ama-causative agciwane lesandulela emathunjini anamandla okuba khona isikhathi eside futhi aze avame emanzini, ezandleni zokudla nezingcolile.
Iningi lama-bacteria alisoze ayingozi empilweni yabantu, angaphila emangcwabeni ayo, isikhumba, emathunjini, futhi uma ukwephulwa komzimba noma ukukhubazeka komzimba kuqala ukubonakala. Ama-virus yi-parasites. Bangena amangqamuzana ethu bese banda, bangela izifo ezihlukahlukene.
Izimpawu zokutheleleka emathunjini emathunjini
Ngokuvamile izibonakaliso zokutheleleka emathunjini zixhomeke ku-agent yayo ye-causative, kodwa zikhona izimpawu ezisemqoka ezibonakala kuqala kunoma yikuphi ukutheleleka. Lokhu kufaka:
- ubuthakathaka jikelele;
- ukungabi nesifiso sokudla;
- ikhanda.
Kamuva, izimpawu eziyingozi zivela: ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuhlanza nokuhuda.
Ngokuvamile kukhona ama-chills, ukujuluka nomkhuhlane ngokutheleleka emathunjini. Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane emathumbu kudinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo, ngoba umphumela oyingozi kakhulu kuwo ukuphela kwamanzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, njengesihlalo esinomsoco nokuhlanza, umuntu ulahlekelwa umthamo omkhulu, ngenxa yalokho, ibhalansiyamu ne-sodium emzimbeni yephulwa.
Indlela yokuphatha ukutheleleka kwamathumbu?
Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukwelashwa kokuthelelwa emathunjini kufanele kube yinkimbinkimbi. Ngokuhambisana nokubhujiswa kwamagciwane ezincane eziyingozi, isiguli sidinga ukubuyisela ukulinganisela kwamanzi nokunciphisa ubuthi. Ngakho-ke, usizo lokuqala lokutheleleka emathunjini kumele lufake i-enemotherapy kanye nokwamukelwa kwezidakamizwa ezikhethekile - iziphuzo.
Ukuze wazi ukuthi imithi yokwelapha emathunjini kufanele inikezwe isiguli, kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi yikuphi ukutheleleka isiguli esithuthukile. Lokhu kungacaciswa ezikhungweni zezokwelapha ngokusebenzisa ucwaningo lwama-laboratory. Ngaphambi kokwelapha ukutheleleka emathunjini emathunjini, udoti luhlaziywa. Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane kungenziwa kokubili ngokwakho, ngakho-ke kanye nesifo segciwane, ngakho-ke ukwelapha kwalesi sifo kuhlanganisa ngempela ukulwa namagciwane ukuze kubonakale imiphumela emibi.
Uma ukutheleleka kwegciwane kungenwe yi-enterovirus, kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenzise ukuqinisekiswa okujwayelekile kanye nemithi yokuvimbela imithi yokwelapha. Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka emathunjini kubantu abadala nabantwana, okubangelwa i-adenovirus futhi kuhambisana nokudakwa nokuphelelwa isikhathi eside ngokwanele,
Ekhuluma ngokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwamathumbu emathumbu, singabona izincomo eziningana eziyinhloko:
- hlamba izandla zakho njalo ngaphambi kokudla;
- Gcina inyama eluhlaza nenhlanzi ngokuhlukile kokudla okulungele ukudla;
- Geza zonke izithelo, imifino, amakhambi kanye namajikijolo kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.