Umsebenzi we-gland gland yisona esinqumayo ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhuleni komzimba womuntu. Ukuze kusetshenziswe kahle, inani elanele le-iodine liyadingeka. Uma kungenjalo, i-goiter eqhubekayo ikhula - izicubu ze-endocrine isimbi zikhula, iyakhula ngobukhulu, idlule kuma-cubic metres angu-20. cm namamitha ayi-cubic angu-25. cm ngamadoda.
Izimbangela ze-goiter eyimvelo e-thyroid
Njengomthetho, i-pathology ecatshangelwayo ibonakala ngokuntuleka kwe-iodine enhle emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi uma umuntu ehlala endaweni ethile yezwe ngokuntuleka kwalesi sici emvelweni.
I-goiter engapheli kaningi ingenzeka ngaphansi kwezinye izimo:
- izinkinga zofuzo zokukhiqizwa kwamahomoni wegciwane;
- isandulela ngendlala ekukhuleni kwegciwane le-thyroid;
- ukuthatha izidakamizwa eziphazamisa ukungena kwe-iodine;
- helminthic invasions;
- ukudla ngokweqile kanye nemvelo ye-calcium, noma ukuntuleka kwethusi, selenium, i-zinc, i-molybdenum, i-manganese, i-cobalt;
- Ukuba khona ekudleni kwama-clogs (iklabishi, i-turnips, ukudlwengula, ulethisi, i-horseradish, ummbila nabanye);
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala ezithathelwanayo;
- izimo zokuphila ezingenelisekile (ezenhlalakahle nezenhlanzeko).
Izimpawu ze-goiter eziphilayo
Izibonakaliso zemitholampilo yokwandiswa kwezifo zegciwane le-thyroid zixhomeke ekujuleni kwe-goiter ephilayo, indawo nendawo. Ekuqaleni kwezinyathelo zokuqhubeka kwezifo, akukho ukubonakaliswa okuphawulekayo okukhona. Njengoba izicubu ze-endocrine zikhula, iziguli zikhononda ngalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- i-cone ebonakala kahle noma ebonakalayo phakathi nentamo;
- ubuthakathaka obunzima nokukhathala okuqhubekayo;
- ukungathandeki, ukungajabulisi ukudonsa izinzwa enhliziyweni;
- ikhanda;
- ukuzwa ukucindezela esifundeni se-pharynx noma intanyeni;
- kunzima ukuphefumula, ngezinye izikhathi ukugwinya ukudla;
- ukukhwehlela owomile ;
- Ukuhlaselwa kokugwinya, ngokuvamile ebusuku.
Ezimweni eziphambili, izinkinga ezinzima zezifo ezichazweyo zikhula:
- ukuvuvukala kwegciwane le-thyroid;
- ukubonakala kwezingubo ezibuhlungu ezimbi;
- ukucindezelwa kwezitsha eziseduze, ukuphela kwezinzwa, i-trachea, i-oophagus;
- ukuphuma kwegazi egunjini le-thyroid;
- "Inhliziyo yomphimbo";
- i-striemit.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-goiter ephilayo
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinsolo ezikhona zokusakazeka kwezicubu ze-endocrine isitho, i-laboratory, izifundo zezinsimbi zisiza:
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi:
- umtholampilo;
- ukuzimisela kwe-thyrotropin, ama-hormone T3 no-T4, i-thyroglobulin.
2. Ukuhlaziywa:
- umtholampilo;
- ukuphuma kwe-iodine emcinini.
3. I- Ultrasound ye-gland yegciwane .
4. Inaliti enhle ifake ukufisa kwe-aspiration.
5. Ukuskena kwe-radioisotope.
Akudingekile ukuba uthathe futhi ufeze zonke izifundo ezibalwe, ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlolwa okwanele kwegazi kanye nomchamo, ukuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound.
Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela i-goiter ephilayo
Ukwelashwa kwe-pathology echazwe kuhambisana nesigaba salo sokuthuthukiswa, izinga lokukhulisa igciwane le-thyroid.
Njengoba i-goiter encane, i-iodide ye-potassium ephakathi, imisiwe yokudla nemikhiqizo eline-iodine.
Uma lesi sifo siphuthuma ngokushesha futhi siholela ezinkingeni ze-endocrine,
Endabeni yokubunjwa kwamakhemikhali egulini le-thyroid, kwenziwa ukuhlinza okuhlinzekwa ukukhipha. Emva kwalokhu, i-hormone inqunywe.
Ukuvimbela ukwanda kwezicubu ze-endocrine isitho kwenziwa izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ukwengeza i-potassium iodate nosawoti ovamile;
- bedla ukudla okuphezulu e-iodine;
- ukuvimbela ngabanye.