Lo mdlavuza uqala kubo bobulili bobabili abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala, futhi imbangela yayo eyinhloko ukuvuthwa kwemikhiqizo ye-carcinogenic. Phakathi kwezici ezivusa amadlingozi - ukubhema, imvelo empofu, izici zomsebenzi. Izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza wamaphaphu zivame ukungaboni, yingakho lesi sifo sitholakala ezinkathini ezisheshayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuxilongwa okufika ngesikhathi, amathuba okuthola ukwelashwa okuhle akhula.
Izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza wamaphaphu
Ngokuvamile lesi sifo sitholakale ekuhlolweni okujwayelekile kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray. Ngenxa yokwanda kwezibonakaliso zesifo, akunakwenzeka ukuxilonga izikhalazo zodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima kakhulu ukuthi isiguli sibone ukutholakala kwesifo kuye. Akudingeki ukuba uzithembele kuwe uma kwenzeka u-malaise, kodwa uvakashele udokotela othi, ngemva kokuhlolwa ngokucophelela, uzokwazi ukwenza isinqumo.
Isizathu sokukhathazeka nokwelashwa yizifo ezilandelayo, okuyizibonakaliso zokuqala zomdlavuza wamaphaphu ezenzeka ekuqaleni.
Esinye sezibonakaliso eziyinhloko esidinga ukuxilonga umdlavuza yisikhwehlela. Kubalulekile ukuyichaza ngendlela ecacile ukuze unike amandla udokotela ukuhlaziya ngokuningiliziwe. Ezigaba zokuqala, ukukhwehlela kuyomile noma kumanzi, futhi imvamisa yayo ayixhomekile esikhathini sosuku. Okumile kungashintsha kumanzi futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.
Kuyingozi uma ukukhwehlela kuyeka ngokushesha ngenxa yokucindezelwa kwe-reflex. Lesi simo sikhuluma ngokudakwa.
Kubalulekile ukuba unake isibonakaliso esibalulekile njenge-hemoptysis. Lesi sici yisici esihlukile se-oncology esesiqalile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuningi nombala wegazi elihlukanisiwe lihlukile ezimweni ezahlukene. Kuxhomeke esiteji sesifo kanye nezici zesakhiwo se-tumor. I-Hemoptysis kwezinye izimo ibonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sofuba .
Esinye isibonakaliso sesimpawu ubuhlungu obuseduze. Ukubukeka kwalo kubonisa ukuqala kokukhula kwesisu ku-pleura. Isimo esinjalo singase singabi khona ezigulini eziningi, ngenxa yokuthi ukuxilongwa kuqhubeka kanjani.
Ngokuvamile uma kukhona ukungcola kwegazi ku-sputum, iziguli eziningi ziya kudokotela. Noma kunjalo, lesi sibonakaliso singakhuluma ngesigaba esiphezulu sesifo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-oncology kuboniswa hhayi kuphela ukubonakala komkhuhlane. Lesi sifo sihambisana nohlu olulandelayo lwezifo:
- ukuvuvuka njalo kwamaphaphu kanye ne-bronchitis, imbangela yayo enzima ukuqiniseka;
- ukuphefumula ubunzima, ukuphefumula , okuvela ekukhuleni kwendawo ethintekile;
- ukwanda kokushisa komzimba kuya kumagugu angaphansi;
- ububele esifubeni, lapho ubuhlungu bugxila khona endaweni ethintekile futhi akunakwenzeka ukuwususa;
- ukwephulwa kwenhliziyo, okuvame ukudideka nge-angina.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezigaba zokuqala, izimpawu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu zihambisana nalezi zimpawu zokuqala ezilandelayo:
- ubuthakathaka nokuzethemba;
- ukwehla kwamandla;
- uzizwa ukhathele;
- ukunganaki, ukucindezeleka.
Ngokuzimela ukuzama ukuchaza ukuxilongwa akufanele kube. Kungcono ukuchaza isimo sakho kumchwepheshe njengendlela efanele.
Izimpawu zokuthuthukiswa kwesigaba sokuqala somdlavuza wamaphaphu
Lesi sifo esiteji sokuqala sibonakala ngezibonakaliso ezincane. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi eside sidlula singaboni. Isizathu sokuya kudokotela ukukhathala nokukhathala, okuhlala izinyanga eziningi.
Ngalesi sigaba, lesi sifo asikafiki usayizi omkhulu, kodwa izitho zamakhansela sezivele zihilelekile ohlelweni lwezinkinga. Kulokhu, izinhlobo ezimbili zihlukaniswa:
- I-1B, lapho ubukhulu be-tumor buphakathi kuka-3 kuya ku-5 cm;
- 1A, lapho engadluli ku-3 cm.