I-Actinidium colomicta isitshalo esivela emndenini we-liana, sifinyelela ku-2-5 m ukuphakama. Amahlumela afana nomuthi womvini wokuhlobisa aphikisana nokusekela kwe-counterclockwise, ekwakheni ukukhwabanisa okukhulu kwama- arbors , ama-verandas, ama-arches, izicingo. Amaqabunga amakhulu ase-actinidia ahlale eshintsha umbala wabo. Ekuqaleni kokubonakala banezinyosi zethusi, baba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nobumnyama njengoba bekhula, ngaphambi kokuba izimbali ziqhakaze, i-lianas zithole umbala ongalingani (variegated), futhi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ziba zincani pink. Ngenxa yalokhu umhlobiso oqhakazile, izidakamizwa zezinambuzane zikhanga esitshalweni. I-blooms liana enezimbali ezimhlophe, iphunga elimnandi-elimnandi eligcwalisa wonke umakhelwane.
U-Actinidia yi-liana yezithelo. Izithelo ezifinyelele ekuvuthweni, amajikijolo ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka alula, aphuzi aphuzi kanye ne-orange ayenambitheka enhle kakhulu. Kuzo izithelo zenziwe ujamu, i- pastille , futhi zomile. Okuqukethwe kwamavithamini kumajikijolo amasha we-actinidia kuphakeme kune-black currant ne-lemon - abaholi bevithamini abonwayo.
Emklamo wezwe, ubuhle obungavamile bomvini ekwindla buyasetshenziswa. Ngokuqala kwezinsuku ezipholile zikaSeptemba, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, abomvu, ama-violet, ukuze isitshalo sibe nokubukeka ngokuphelele kumnandi!
Izinhlobo zika-Actinidia
I-Actinidia colomicta inezinhlobo ezingu-30. I-actinidia eyaziwa kakhulu yaseShayina, izithelo zazo zonke i-kiwi eyintandokazi, isanda kutholakala ekuthengisweni. Izinhlobo ezintathu ze-actinidia ziyisici sezinga eliguquguqukayo lezulu:
- I-Actinidia colomicta (i-amur ugqumugqumu) - izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu, izimbali eziphelile ngoMeyi - ekuqaleni kuka-June, izithelo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zifana nokugcoba.
- U-Actinidia izimbali zesithembu izimbali ezinkulu ezimhlophe noma eziphuzi ngoJulayi. Amajikijolo ama-orange ahlanzekile ayadliwa emva kokuqandisa.
- I-Actinidia eqondile inebude obude kakhulu (kufika ku-30 m). Isitshalo esifana nentambo iphila iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Izithelo ezihlaza zinephunga elimnandi le-ananas, kusukela emvinini owodwa kungenzeka ukuqoqa kuze kube ngu-50 kg amajikijolo.
Ukutshala nokunakekela i-actinidia colomicta
Ukutshala kwe-actinidia colomicta kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Njengoba i-liana yisitshalo esiphila isikhathi eside, isayithi lokufika kufanele licatshangwe kahle. Uma ungenalo ulwazi lokutshala lesi sitshalo, kuzokusiza ukuthi ufunde indlela yokutshala kahle i-actinidium colomict. Tshala umvini kude kube ngu-1 m ukusuka kwesakhiwo. Uma udinga ukutshala izitshalo eziningana, ibanga eliphakathi kwawo kufanele libe ngu-1.5 m. Umgodi we-actinidia udutshulwe ukujula kwe-0.5 m nobubanzi obungama-60 cm. Ubunqamu bamanzi buba ngu-15 cm, lungabandakanya amatshe amatshe, isanti, izitini eziphukile . Engeza emhlabathini we-humus, umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi, ukhuni nomhlabathi.
Ngokuvamile, ukutshala kwe-actinidia colomicta akulona nzima: isitshalo singamelana nesithwathwa. Kodwa lithinta ngokungathandeki ukutshala amaqhwa. Ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa kuya ku-4 degrees kubangela ukukhanya kwamacembe kanye nokwehla kwamahlumela, kodwa ama-8 degrees amahlumela aphelile. Kungcono ukubeka umvini endaweni evikelwe emoyeni ngokukhanya okwanele.
Ukudubula kwe-actinidia ye-colomict kwenziwa ekwindla, ngemuva kokuwa kweqabunga. Uma lesi sitshalo sinqunywe entwasahlobo, kuyoma. Ukudubula ngenjongo yokuvuselela kuqala nge-liana ezineminyaka engu-7 ubudala.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-actinidia colomicta
ULiana uveza: ngezingqimba, izinhlamvu kanye nembewu.
Uma kukhishwa ngamatshe ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, amahlumela aqhutshwa emhlabathini, ahlanganiswe futhi afafazwe umhlaba. Kubalulekile ukuthi phezulu kwesibhamu kuhlala mahhala. Ngonyaka olandelayo, izingqimba zihlukanisiwe futhi zitshalwe endaweni ehlala njalo.
I-cuttings yokutshala inqunywe ubude buka-10 - 15 cm (kufanele ibe khona amaqabunga atholakalayo) bese ususa ingxenye eluhlaza yehlumela. Tshala ama-cuttings engxenyeni ye-peat nesihlabathi, ukumba ngaphakathi ku-5 cm. Ukuze izithombo zikhule kahle, zihlanjululwe futhi ziphuza kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokubandayo izitshalo ezincane zimbozwa ngamaqabunga owomile noma i-sawdust.
Abalimi abaningi banesithakazelo ekufundeni indlela yokutshala i-actinidia ye-colomict ngembewu. Ngenxa yalokhu, imbewu imisiwe ezinyangeni ezimbili, okungukuthi, i-interlaid nge-substrate enomanzi futhi igcinwe ekushiseni kwe-1 kuya ku-5 degrees Celsius. Khona-ke zihlwanyelwa endlini endlini yokushisa kwamahhala. Ngo-Meyi, ibhokisi lifakwa endaweni enomthunzi yensimu. Kuphela izithombo zentwasahlobo ezilandelayo ezitshalwe endaweni engapheliyo.
Khumbula: i-actinidia ithandwa ngabalimi bezinkomo, ngakho-ke kuyifiseleka ukufaka igada lomgodla nxazonke ezihlahleni ezincane.