Dyslexia - ukwelashwa

I-Dyslexia ukuphulwa okuyingxenye yenqubo yokufunda, ngenxa yemisebenzi ephakeme yengqondo engafundile. Ibonakala emaphutha okuqhubekayo lapho efunda futhi engaqondi kahle ukufunda. Ukuhlukumeza kungenzeka kubantu abangenaso ukuphutha ekuthuthukisweni kwengqondo noma ngokomzimba, ngaphandle kokukhubazeka kokuzwa nokubonwa. Ngokuvamile izingane ezitholakale zine-dyslexia, ngokuphambene nalokho, zikhombisa amathalenta amangalisayo kwezinye izindawo zomsebenzi. Yingakho ibizwe ngokuthi yisifo sobuchwepheshe. Ososayensi abavelele u-Albert Einstein noThomas Edison babhekene nalesi sifo.

Kunezimbangela ezimbili ezikhona zokudabuka:

• ukuzalwa
• izici zobungqondo bobuchopho.

Ngokuvamile abazali bezingane abane-dyslexia bakhumbula ubunzima bokufunda ebuntwaneni, lokhu kufakazela inkolelo ngesisekelo sofuzo lesi sifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza okuhambisanayo kokubili kwe-hemispheres yobuchopho kubonakala ezinganeni.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwedyslexia

Isekelwe ezimweni ezihlukahlukene. Kuye ngezinhlobo zokubonakaliswa kwayo, zihlukanisa amagama nezenzo zangempela. I-dyslexia yangempela ingabonakaliswa ukungakwazi noma ubunzima bokuthola izincwadi. I-verbal - ubunzima bokufunda amagama.

Kubuye kube nokuhlelwa kwezinkinga zokufunda kuye ngokuhlukumeza okuyinhloko. Kungaba i-acoustic, i-optical ne-motor. Ngefomu le-acoustic, uhlelo lokuzwa aluhambisani nalokho, uma kwenzeka i-dyslexia ye-optical, ukungaqiniseki kwemibono nokumelela, ngenkathi kuhamba ngendlela engasebenzi, ubuhlobo phakathi kwe-analytical audit and visual analyzer buphazamiseka.

Futhi, kukhona ukuhlukaniswa kwezinkinga zokufunda, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lokuphulwa kwemisebenzi engokomqondo ephakeme. Ukulandela lezi zindlela, abahlengikazi bezinkulumo bahlonza izinhlobo ezilandelayo zedaylexia:

1. I-dyslexia yomculo. Leli fomu lihlotshaniswa nokuthuthukiswa komsebenzi wehlelo lomculo. Kunzima ingane ukuba ihlukanise okufanayo ezincwadini zomsindo wezingcingo ngamazwi (imbuzi yesikhumba, indlu yamathambo). Futhi zibhekene nokufunda nge-isinyathelo-ngoku-isinyathelo nokuvumela, ukuyeka noma ukufaka esikhundleni sezinhlamvu.
2. I-dyslexia ye-Semantic (ukufundwa kwemishini). Kubonakala ekubunzima kokuqonda okufundiwe, nakuba ukufunda kuqondwe kahle. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuthi amagama enqubo yokufunda abonakala ehlukaniswa, ngaphandle kokuxhumana namanye amagama
3. Dyslexia engacacile. Leli fomu liboniswa ubunzima bokufunda izincwadi, ngokungaqondani ukuthi iyiphi incwadi ehambisana nomsindo othize.
4. I-dyslexia ebonakalayo. Kukhona inkinga ekufaniseni nokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlamvu ezifanisayo (B-C, G-T).
5. I-Agramatic dyslexia. Kukhona ukungaqondiswanga okungafaniyo kwinombolo, icala kanye nobulili bamazwi nemishwana.

Ukuze unqume ukuthi ngabe ingane inesifo esithile kule sifo ingaba iminyaka emi-5. Uma kunesidingo, kubalulekile ukufeza izinyathelo zokuvimbela i-dyslexia. Indlela efanele yokufunda, ukuqapha ukuthuthukiswa kosizo lwezingane kanye nezengqondo nokufundisa, kuvumela ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo.

Uma ingane ibonisa zonke izibonakaliso ze-dyslexia, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa.

Kunezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokwelapha i-dyslexia. Lena umphumela ongewona umuthi ohlose ukulungisa imfundo inqubo. Kuhlanganisa ukuqeqeshwa kwemisebenzi yokuqonda kanye nokuqiniswa kwamakhono afanele okufunda. Futhi, imiphumela ebonakalayo ekwelapheni kwe-dyslexia inganikeza umzimba wokulungisa. Lezi zivivinyo zingahloswe ekuthuthukiseni umbono wephimbo nokubukwa, ukuhlaziywa okubukwayo kanye nokwabelana, ukwakheka kwezethulo zendawo, ukwanda nokusebenza kolwazi lwesilulumagama.

Ngakho-ke, ukuqedwa kwe-dyslexia kudinga ukwelashwa okungafani. Indlela yokuqedwa kwayo isekelwe esimweni sezinkinga, ukubonakaliswa kwezinkinga kanye nezinqubo zabo.