Isikhathi ngasinye, umama ngamunye uqhuba ingane yakhe ukunikeza ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele. Ngokusho kwakhe, udokotela wezingane ulandela kuqala izinga lonke leprotheyini e-hemoglobin - enezinsimbi, okuyingxenye yamaseli abomvu. Yingakho lo mdlalo unombala obomvu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-hemoglobin ukuthuthwa kwe-oksijini emaphashini kuwo onke amangqamuzana omzimba nokudluliselwa kwe-carbon dioxide ku-alveoli yokukhishwa kwayo. Ngaphandle kwe-oksijeni, ukusabela okuphilayo kwe-biochemical ayikwazi ukuqhubeka, ngenxa yalokho amandla okudingekayo okwenziwe umsebenzi obalulekile. Futhi uma izinga le-hemoglobin linganele, zonke izitho kanye nomzimba wonke ziyohlupheka ngenxa yalokhu, ngoba ngeke zithole umoya-mpilo. Konke lokhu kuzothinta isimo somntwana - kuyoba yindlala, ilele, iluhlaza, amandla ayo okusebenza ayokwehla, ukulala kuyoba kubi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula njalo phezu kwezinga le-hemoglobin kuzovumela ukuthi kuqaphele inkinga ngesikhathi futhi kuxazulule. Kodwa-ke yiziphi izinkomba zeprotheni ezinezinsimbi ezibhekwa njengento evamile?
I-hemoglobin evamile ezinganeni
Umkhuba we-hemoglobin egazini uhlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uneminyaka engakanani ingane. Ngenxa yalokhu, inkomba efanayo yale phrotheni eneminyaka eyodwa ibhekwa njengesijwayelekile, futhi kwenye ikhombisa ukungabi nalutho.
Esivivinyweni segazi jikelele, inani le-hemoglobin ngegremu ngalinye ilitha lilinganiselwa. Ngemuva kokubeletha usana olusanda kuzalwa ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala zokuphila, izinga elilingana no 145-225 g / l lithathwa njengokujwayelekile. Kancane kancane kuzokwehla, futhi ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala yokuphila ku-crumb, izinga le-hemoglobin kufanele liguquke ngaphakathi kuka-100-180 g / l. Izinga le-hemoglobin ezinganeni ezineminyaka emibili ubudala lingalingana no 90-140 g / l. Ezinyangeni ezintathu zenyanga ukuya ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ubudala, ukuguqulwa kwamaprotheni ensimbi akufanele kudlule 95-135 g / l.
Ngengane eyayinezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, imiphumela yokuhlaziywa ngama-indice ka-100-140 g / l kubhekwa njengokuhle. Ngokuvamile yizinkomba ezifanayo ze-hemoglobin ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-1.
Izindlela ze-hemoglobin ezinganeni kusukela ngonyaka ongu-1 nangaphezulu
Ingane eneminyaka eyisikhombisa kufanele ijabule uma ihlaziya izinga le-hemoglobin liguquke phakathi kuka 105-145 g / l. Ukujwayelekile okufanayo kufana nengane yeminyaka emibili.
Ezinganeni eziphakathi kweminyaka engu-3 no-6, izindinganiso ezijwayelekile ziyi-110-150 g / l. Kusukela eminyakeni engu-7 kuya eminyakeni engu-12, izinga le-hemoglobin kufanele libe ngu-115-150 g / m.
Lapho usakhula (iminyaka engu-13-15), amaprotheni anesisindo avame ukufinyeleleka ukubuyiswa kwe-115-155 g / l.
Futhi uma i-hemoglobin ingavamile yini?
Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele kubonisa i-hemoglobin yehle, ingane ingase ihlakulele i- anemia - isifo lapho kunesifo samangqamuzana egazi abomvu - amangqamuzana egazi abomvu. Uma i-anemia kufanele ilalele kuqala ekudleni komntwana. Ezinganeni, insimbi isuke isuka kumama ngesibisi sebele. Ngakho-ke, ngokuntuleka kwakhe kokuhlolwa kwegazi, landela
Kukhona ne-hemoglobin ephezulu kakhulu enganeni, lapho izinga laleli protheyini lidlula umkhawulo ophezulu wendabuko. Njengoba i- hemoglobin ekhuphukile emntwaneni , izimbangela ziyinhloko yeziphambeko zenhliziyo, izifo zemithambo yegazi, isimiso segazi kanye ne-pulmonary.