I-plum ngumuthi okhulile yonke indawo, ngoba isiko sibonakala ukuzala okuphezulu nokuvumelana kahle nezimo zezulu. Kunezinhlobo ezingamakhulu eziningana ze-plums, ezitholakala ngokuyinhloko ezindaweni ezihamba phambili.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-plums kubangela ukulimala okukhulu ekuvuneni izithelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bebuthaka umuthi, baholele ekushiseni ebusika. Ukulwa nezinambuzane ze-plum, kunezinyathelo eziningana ze-agrotechnical, futhi ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali kusetshenziselwa. Sichaza izifo eziyisisekelo ze-plums kanye nezindlela zokwelapha, futhi ucabange ukuthi ungakuvikela kanjani iplamu kusuka ezinambuzane.
Ukwelapha iplamu kusuka ezinambuzane
1. I- Plum moth yi-parasite engadli kuphela iplamu, kodwa nezinye izihlahla zezithelo. Ukungena esithelweni, isundu sinquma ukusika futhi kusiphazamisa ukuphuma kwamajusi okunomsoco. Isithelo siyeka ukukhula futhi emva kwesikhashana siwa. Izibhamu zihlaselwa phansi ngaphansi kwegxolo engxenyeni engezansi ye-trunk, eduze nesistimu yezimpande.
Ukubhujiswa : ukubopha amabhande ekugumbeni, ukumba umhlaba, iqoqo lezinambuzane ngemuva kokuvuna ama-plums nokuqedwa kwawo.
2. Ama- aphid ane-plum awonakalisa ezinye izithelo zamatshe ngaphandle kwe-plum. Elandwe engxenyeni engezansi yamaqabunga, amaqabunga alahlekelwa umbala, izithelo zibola, umuthi uyanciphisa.
Ukubhujiswa : Pula amapulazi kusuka ezinambuzaneni ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kwamanzi.
3. I- Rozannaya moltvertka - inkathazo ethinta izithelo zamatshe. Isibungu sishaya amaqabunga, siwafake sibe yintonga.
Ukubhujiswa : ngokulimala okuncane, ungakwazi ukuqoqa izimvemvane phakathi kwamaqanda amaqanda (akwazi kuphela ukukhasaza ngalesi sikhathi). Ukuphumelela kusho - ukuphalaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
4. I- sawfly ephuzi iyathanda ukudla izithelo zeplamu.
Ukubhujiswa : ukumba phansi inhlabathi, ngaphambi kokuba ikhule, ipulazi le-sawmill liyahlwithwa futhi libhubhise. Futhi, umuthi uchithelwa entwasahlobo.
5. I- silkworms engasebenzi kahle ibangela ukulimala okukhulu kwezithelo izitshalo. Izibungu ezinkulu ezinamaqabunga emagqabeni edla emuva, ama-oviposition akwenziwe kokubili esihlahleni ngokwawo, nasezindongeni eziseduze nezakhiwo.
Ukubhujiswa : ummese wokusika ubeka oviposition futhi uqhutshwe nge-parafini. Ukufafaza kwesihlahla ngaphambi nangemva kokuqhakaza.
Kunokuba usebenze iplamu kusuka ezinambuzane?
Ukuphalaza kwenziwa nge-sprayer engadini ene-carbophos, i-chlorophos, i-nitrophene ne-benzophosphate ngokwezindinganiso ezichazwe emibhalweni yokusetshenziswa, manje ungasebenzisa amathini amatafula ukucubungula amasimu amancane. Ama-aphid kanye nesilkworm engasebenzi kahle kubhujiswa nomuthi we-Inta-Vir (1 ithebhulethi ngalinye ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi).
Izifo zeplamu
1. Isifo se-Marsupial plum yisinye sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu. Izithelo zithinteka ngombala omhlophe obomvu obangelwa i-fungus, ukuthola isakhiwo esifana nesaka. Izithelo ziwela ngaphambi kwesikhathi, isihlahla sinamandla.
Ukulwa : ukupompa nge-3% ye- Bordeaux liquid emva kokuvuna kanye nentwasahlobo.
2. Ukutholakala kwama-perforated - kuboniswa izilonda emagatsheni nasezinsini. Izithelo zithinteka ethambo, kancane kancane zome. Ukusakazeka kwesifo kwenzeka ngokuswakama ngokweqile.
Ukulwa : ukususwa kwamagatsha abathintekayo namahlumela ekwindla, ukupompa nge-1% ye-Bordeaux fluid.
3. I-monoliosis yisifo esivamile sezithelo zamatshe. Izimbali, amaqabunga, amaqabunga namagatsha ezithelo zithintekayo, izithelo zibola futhi zime. Lesi sifo sisakazeka nge-weevils futhi siyaqhubeka ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu.
Ukulwa : ukuvuna amaqabunga awile, ukusika nokubhubhisa amahlumela abathintekayo nezithelo ezibolile. Umuthi uchithelwa nge-3% ye-Bordeaux liquid uma kubonakala amaqabunga, bese kuthi izikhathi ezimbili ngaphezulu emavikini amabili ngesisombululo se-1% se-Bordeaux liquid.
Ukuvikelwa okwesikhashana kanye nokuhlelekile kwe-plums ezivela ezinambuzane nezifo kuzosiza ukukhula nokuqoqa isivuno esihle kakhulu sezithelo ezimnandi nezomnandi!