Ishukela lokuqala, laqala ukuthola iminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziningana ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu, eNdiya. Wenziwe ngoshukela. Kwaphela isikhathi eside, kwakuyishukela kuphela elaziwa kubantu. Kuze kube manje, ngo-1747 isazi samakhemikhali waseJalimane u-Andreas Sigismund Marggrave akazange asho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi athole ushukela e-beetroot emhlanganweni we-Prussian Academy of Sciences. Kodwa-ke, ukukhiqizwa kwemboni ye-beet ushukela kwaqala kuphela ngo-1801, futhi lokhu kwakuyi-revolution embonini yokudla. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ushukela usufinyeleleke ngokwengeziwe, amaswidi avela ezidliwayo ezingavamile ase kancane kancane adlula esigabeni sokudla kwansuku zonke. Izithelo ezibuhlungu zalokhu ziyaziwa sonke kithi - izifo zamazinyo nokukhuluphala kube yinkinga yangempela ezweni lanamuhla.
Kuyini ushukela?
I-Sugar cishe ifomu layo elihlanzekile i-sucrose - i-carbohydrate, emzimbeni wethu ehlukaniswa nge-glucose kanye ne-fructose futhi ibhekiselwa kuma-carbohydrate "okusheshayo". Inkomba ye-sugar glycemic ingu-100. I-Sugar ihlanzekile amandla, ayilimazi, futhi ayizuzi, njengenjalo, ayithwali ngokwayo. Izinkinga ziqala uma sithola amandla angaphezu kwalokho esingakwazi ukukwenza kabusha. Cabanga ngalokho okwenzeka lapho ushukela ungena emzimbeni wethu. Ukuxubha kwe-sucrose kwenzeka emathunjini amancane, lapho i-monosaccharides (i-glucose ne-fructose) ingena egazini. Khona-ke isibindi, lapho i-glucose idluliselwa khona ku-glycogen - indawo yokugcina amandla "ngosuku oluluhlaza", oluphinde lusetshenziswe kabusha ku-glucose, lusetshenziselwa icala. Uma, isamba ushukela lidlula ukuphakama okudingekayo, okungashintshwa kube yi-glycogen, bese i-insulini iqala ukusebenza, idlulisela ushukela ezitolo ze-fat. Futhi ukuchitha amafutha, umzimba wethu ongawuthandi, kusuka lapha - isisindo esiningi, isithunzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kukhona ushukela obuningi ekudleni, khona-ke ukuzwela kwamaseli kuya kwi-insulin kunciphisa, okungukuthi akakwazi ukuthutha i-glucose ngokweqile kumaseli, okuholela ekunyuseni okuqhubekayo emazingeni ashukela egazini, futhi kamuva kungabangela uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili.
Kodwa ukuntuleka kwama-carbohydrate nakho kuyingozi. Imvelo idinga ukuthatha amandla kusuka endaweni ethile. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile, mhlawumbe, hhayi ukukhuluma ngomonakalo noma inzuzo yoshukela, njengaleyo, kodwa ngokusetshenziswa kwayo okufanelekayo.
Izithelo ushukela - okuhle nokubi
Izithelo ushukela, noma i- fructose - yisihlobo esiseduze se-glucose, kodwa ngokungafani nayo, ayidingi i-insulin ekusetshenzisweni kwayo, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa iziguli zesifo sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokuthi i-fructose ingabuye yenziwe ibe ngamafutha, ayibangeli umqondo wokuzonda, ngakho-ke ingasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukukhuluphala. Iqukethe i-fructose, hhayi kuphela ushukela, kodwa ezithelo eziningi, ngenxa yokuthi, futhi inegama layo.
Ishukela lamagilebhisi kuhle futhi kubi
Ishukela lomvini kubizwa ngokuthi i-glucose. Lona yi-carbohydrate esemqoka, ebamba iqhaza ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla emzimbeni womuntu. Izinzuzo nokulimala ushukela wamagilebhisi kancane zihluka ushukela ojwayelekile. Ukulimala kubangelwa ukutholakala kwezinqubo zokugaya nokuvuthwa, okungaphazamisa i-microflora.
I-sugar cane ilungile futhi imbi
Ushukela wokuqala owaziwa isintu. Ikhishwa emthonjeni ushukela. Ekubunjweni kwayo, cishe kufana neshukela le-beet futhi iqukethe amaphesenti angama-99% we-sucrose. Izakhiwo zeshukela ezinjalo zifana nalabo abahlobene ne-beetroot.
Ushukela wepalm kuhle futhi omubi
Itholakala ngokumisa ijusi lusuku, kakhukhunathi noma ushukela lwesinkwa. Kuyinto yomkhiqizo ongakapheli, ngakho-ke kubhekwa okunye okunye okunempilo ezinhlobonhlobo zendabuko. Uma siqhathanisa noshukela nezinye izinhlobo, khona-ke singasho ukuthi akulimazi.