Ama-utamatisi akhula, abalimi beloli babhekene nezifo ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo, ngakho-ke kudingeka udinga izinyathelo zokulwa nazo ukuze ulondoloze isivuno esilinde isikhathi eside. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo singavinjelwa indlela yokuvimbela, futhi zonke izifo zokwelapha kufanele zenziwe ngesikhathi. Ukwelashwa utamatisi ezifweni kuyakwazi ukuqeda ngokuphelele isifo se-Solanaceae noma ukumisa uma isilonda sesivele senzekile. Iningi lamatamatisi lithandana nezifo ezifayo, kodwa ezithathelwanayo zihlupheka kakhulu.
Umdlavuza wesibindi
Lesi sifo singathinta isitshalo sonke - nesihlahla kanye nezithelo ngokwabo. Kukhona ukutheleleka okuvela ematheni okutshala izinga eliphezulu, ukungabi nokulima komhlaba kanye nokujikelezwa kwezitshalo. Ukucubungula utamatisi ezifweni ezinjalo kwenziwa ngisho nasesiteji sokuqala - lapho ulungiselela imbewu yokutshala. Zigcinwe esixazululo esinamandla se-potassium permanganate futhi sitshalwe emlotha ogcwele umlotha noma i-lime.
Ukulimala okuzayo
Esinye sezifo ezimbi kakhulu zika utamatisi, kokubili emhlabathini ovulekile nasebusini lokushisa, ukutheleleka nge phytophthora . Ngalokhu kunqotshwa, sonke isitshalo singase sife, uma ukwelashwa kungaqalwanga ngesikhathi. Kodwa ukuvimbela akuyona indawo yokugcina. Kubaluleke kakhulu, ekuqaleni kwenkathi noma emva kokuvuna kwekwindla kwensimu ukugcwalisa inhlabathi ngendwangu ye-bleach. Kuhle ngale njongo kanye nokhuni olusuka kuhhavini.
Akunakwenzeka yini ukuthi ungagcina izinsalela zezitshalo - zonke zishiswa noma zithathwe ekulahleni kwemfucuza. Ukuqina kokutshala, ukungabi khona kwe-pasynkovaniya, isimo sezulu sezulu kuholela ekutheni i-phytophthora ikhula ngokushesha kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuba uhambisane nezindinganiso zokuhlanzeka lapho utshala, ngesikhathi sokusika amahlumela angadingekile, ugweme ukuchelela okuvamile, ikakhulukazi ntambama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukugcina ukujikeleza kwezitshalo - ukungatshala utamatisi lapho i-nightshade (utamatisi, ama-aubergine, amazambane) ikhula ngonyaka odlule.
Ezimakethe zamakhemikhali zokucubungula, i-sulphate yethusi isetshenziswa kaningi, lapho izimpande zibhalwa ngenkathi zihlwanyela, kanti izitshalo zifakwe ngeviki lamasonto amabili. Izifo ze-fungal of utamatisi ezikhulayo endaweni yokushisa kanye nomhlabathi ovulekile zihle, zinike ukwelashwa uma zifafazwa ngomlotha njalo ezinsukwini ezintathu. I-handful imane iphonswa phezulu phezu kwezitshalo, ukuze umuthi uhlanganise amahlamvu. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ukuhlushwa kwezinhlamvu ze phytophthora.
Indawo emnyama
Kuzo izifo ze-utamatisi, kokubili evulekile, nasezindaweni ezivaliwe zonke izinhlobo zeqabunga, nakuba ku-greenhouses zenzeka kaningi. Lesi sifo kubangelwa amafungus, amaqabunga ezitshalo ahlanganiswe ngamathanga, asomile futhi maduze avela njengothuli, okuyinto, ngokushaya kancane
Ukuvikelwa utamatisi ezifweni ezinjalo ekuvuseleleni umoya njalo ku-greenhouse (umoya wokuphuza umoya), pasynkovanii, ukususwa kwezitho ezigulayo zesitshalo, ukuphalaza "Fundazolom" noma "Oksihom." Imifucumfucu yemifino ishiswa, umhlabathi emva kokutheleleka ungenwe yi-disinfected ne-Phytosporin noma i-chlorine lime.
Zonke izifo zika utamatisi zingavinjelwa noma zelashwe esigabeni sokuqala. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sasehlobo awudingi ukuphumula, kodwa umphumela uzokwedlula konke okulindelwe, ngokungafani nalabo abangakhathaleli ukunakekela izilwane ezifuywayo eziluhlaza.