Tshala isitshalo esisodwa kolunye kungaba lula kakhulu. Ikhambi elidingekayo ikakhulukazi lizoba esivandeni esincane, uma ufuna ukutshala izinhlobo eziningana zama-apula, amapheya noma ama-cherry, kodwa akukho isikhala esanele kuzo zonke lezi zihlahla.
Uma uzibuza ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukutshala ikhasi eliphakathi kwe-apula noma ngokuphambene nalokho, abalimi-ochwepheshe baluleka ukukhumbula umthetho olula: lokhu kumele kutshalwe. Kalula nje, okukhethwa kukho ukukhetha inoculate i-apula nomunye u- apula noma ngisho nambalwa. Okufanayo ngamapheya kanye nezinye izitshalo.
Kodwa-ke, ungatshala futhi ipeyari ku-apula. Kulesi simo, umthetho owedlule uqala ukusebenza, kodwa ngendlela eguquguquke kancane: izitshalo zawo izithelo zawo zitshalwe kuwo njengezitshalo, nezitshalo zazo ezinamathambo phezu kwazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, manje ezitolo ezikhethekile nezindawo zokubeletha kungenzeka ukuthi zithengise izimpande ezikhethiweyo zama-dwarfish, okuhloswe ngokuqondile ukuhlanganiswa kwesinye isitshalo.
Uma kungenzeka ukutshala ikhasi eliphakathi kwe-apula, kungani ungasitshala ipeyari efanayo, isibonelo, entabeni yentaba? Naphezu komthetho ongenhla, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abanye abalimi bayakwazi ukutshala izitshalo, bengayinaki le mithetho. Kodwa-ke, umuthi onjalo ngeke uhlale isikhathi eside, okokuqala, ngenxa yokwahluka kwesakhiwo sezinkuni.
Indlela yokukhetha nokulungisa izicutheka ze-scion?
Ukwazi ukutshala ikhasi eliphakathi kwe-apula entwasahlobo, futhi yimiphi imithetho okumelwe ilandelwe, uzokwazi ukuvuna isitshalo esigcwele kusuka ensikeni eminyakeni embalwa. Isikhathi esihle sokugoma singaphakathi entwasahlobo, okungukuthi ingxenye yesibili ka-Ephreli.
Ukukhethwa kwezinsimbi zokuxhunyelwa kufanele kuthathwe ngokuziphendulela. Zithengwa kangcono ezikhungweni ezikhethekile noma balimi abanolwazi. Inketho engcono kakhulu yi-sprig of scion, inqunywe ukusuka eningizimu eningizimu yomqhele womuthi omdala onempilo. Esikhathini esinqunyiwe kufanele sibe kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-7 kuvezwe amaqabunga, ububanzi, akufanele kudlule ubukhulu bepensela.
Ukusika kungadliwa futhi kusengaphambili kusengaphambili. Kulesi simo, kufanele agcinwe esiqandisini kuze kufike entwasahlobo. Futhi masinyane ngaphambi kokugonywa kuzodingeka ukuthi wenze u-oblique usike phezu kwesiqu bese usishiya isikhathi esithile esisombululo esivusa ukukhula.
Indlela yokutshala kahle ipeyari ku-apula?
Ukutshala igatsha eliphakathi kwe-apula, kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa izingxenye ze-cuttings ezihlanganisiwe kanye namagatsha we-rootstock. Ukwenza lokhu, ngommese obukhali ekhoneni, unqume ukuphela kwegatsha legatsha kanye nomunye wemikhawulo ye-cuttings bese ucindezela ngokumelene, ulungise ngokucophelela i-tape yokunamathisela noma i-tape. Ngemva kwesikhashana, lapho amagatsha ekhula ndawonye, impahla yokugcizelela ingasuswa.
Kodwa ngisho nokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho kanye nokuqapha akukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umgomo uphumelele. Ungafunda ngalokhu kuphela ngemva kwesikhashana. Noma kunjalo, kunjalo
Nakuba kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi umuthi we-pear uphelele kakhulu, ngakho-ke i-apple stem graft kuso ayijwayele ukujwayele. Ukuze uhlanganiswe emthini we-pear kungcono ukhethe olunye uhlobo lwepey bese uqoqa izitshalo ezimbili kusuka kwesitshalo esisodwa. Futhi uma ufuna ukuba nesayithi lakho lemizwe ehlukene ekhula esihlahleni esisodwa, kungcono ukuyeka ukukhetha kwakho ekufakeni i-pear on the apple tree. Ngokwezibalo, ezimweni eziningi lokhu kugonywa kuphelela ngempumelelo, uma kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nayo yonke imithetho.