Ukudla izithelo zomvini entwasahlobo - yimuphi umanyolo ongcono ukusebenzisa?

Ngisho nasemhlabathini ocebile, isivuno semifino sinciphisa isikhathi, ukutshala kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo kuyisidingo esibalulekile, okusiza ukukhokhela isidingo sonyaka saleso sitshalo ukuze kube nezakhi eziwusizo. Ukuze kube nomcimbi obalulekile ukuletha impumelelo, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezidingekayo kulokhu isiko esigabeni sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa.

Indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi entwasahlobo?

Ukuvunwa okuhle komvini welanga kubonakala kuphela kumlimi omlimi ozokwazi ukuhlela izinqubo zokudla ezihlahleni ezithela izithelo kahle. Ukondla izithelo zamagilebhisi kungumqondo obaluleke kakhulu we-agrotechnical, amaphutha angamukeleki. Abaqalile ukuhlela ukuthenga umquba wamaminerali kufanele baqonde uhlu lwezinto eziwusizo ezidingekayo ekukhuleni izihlahla:

1. I-nitrogen - kusiza ukwandisa inani elidingekile lobuningi obuhlaza.
2. I-Phosphorus - iyadingeka ngobuningi obukhulu ngesikhathi sezimbali futhi ihlanganisa amajikijolo aphelele ezihlahleni.
3. I-Potassium - iyadingeka ukuze i-photosynthesis ne-cell laying, ukuze kube nokujwayela okujwayelekile kwamagilebhisi emakhazeni.
4. I-Boron - ukondla umvini entwasahlobo lesi sici sidingeka ukukhuthaza ukuhluma kwempova, ukuvuthwa, ukuthuthukisa okuqukethwe kosawoti.
5. I-Copper - iqinisa ukukhula komzimba we-vegetative, yandisa ukumelana nesomiso nokumelana nokubandayo.
6. I-Zinc - ithinta ukushintshaniswa kwe-nitrogen nomvini.

Ukudla kwamagilebhisi entwasahlobo kanye nama-fertilizer amaminerali

Amaminerali amaminerali adingekayo amagilebhisi entwasahlobo adingeka ukuba avezwe kusukela ngesikhathi esifanayo sokuvula amahlumela, ukuze ngesikhathi sokuhluma sihlume futhi afike ohlelweni lwempande. Kunezinketho eziningi zokuphatha ngendlela efanele imivini yezakhi:

1. Ukunisela umhlaba eduze kwamagilebhisi ngesisombululo sama-fertilizer.
2. Ukujula kwamanyolo wamaminerali kanye ne-organicics ibe yi-groove.
3. Ukwethulwa kokugqoka okwesimanzi ngamapayipi akhethekile ukulethwa ngokushesha kwezizinto eziwusizo ngqo ezimpandeni.
4. Spring ukugqokisa phezulu foliar.

Umquba we-nitrojeni wamagilebhisi

Ngokuvamile ngale njongo, abalimi bewayini basebenzisa i-nitrate ethandwayo noma i-ammonium sulphate. Ukusebenza kwalesi silinganiso kwanda uma i-superphosphate ingezwa kanye ne-nitrogen. Umanyolo wokugcina unconywa ukuba agcwaliswe ngamanzi kusukela kusihlwa ukuze ukwazi ukuqothula kahle. Isicelo sokuqala sisebenzisa 50 g we-saltpeter futhi kufika ku-100 g we-superphosphate. Olunye uhlobo oluhle lwe-nitrogen fertilizer yi-urea.

Ukudla amagilebhisi entwasahlobo urea:

1. Isikhathi sokuqala - kwenziwa ngosuku lokutholwa kokutholakala emathangeni, ukugubha isikhathi eside embuthanweni we-trunk. 40 g we carbamide, 40 g we-phosphorus umanyolo kanye 30 g of umanyolo potassium zisetshenziswa.
2. Ukukhulelwa okulandelayo ne-carbamide yamagilebhisi entwasahlobo kuyadingeka ekupheleni kukaMeyi, okhiqizwa kanye ne-potassium ne-phosphorus ngesilinganiso esifanayo.

Potassium umquba wamagilebhisi

Amakhomikhali e-Potash angathunyelwa ngamafomu ahlukahlukene kumaketanga okuthengisa, ngakho kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela amalebula. Isibonelo, i-potassium chloride inganciphisa ukwanda okukhulu kwemivini, kanye ne-potassium sulfate ne-potassium phosphate kanye nokugqoka okuphezulu okuqukethe i-nitrogen kwandisa ukukhula kwengxenye eluhlaza yezihlahla. Lesi sitshalo samagilebhisi kufanele sithunyelwe ngenkathi kuze kube izikhathi ezine - emva kokuvulwa, ngaphambi kokusila, ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa okusebenzayo, ekupheleni kokuvuthwa kwamagilebhisi.

Ama-Potash umquba wemivini:

1. I-potassium chloride - entwasahlobo yezivini ayincoma.
2. I-potassium sulphate ilula ekuthuthweni nasekugcinweni, iletha izinzuzo ezibonakalayo ekudleni.
3. Ukucwiliswa kwe-Kalimagnesia kunconywa ngamagilebhisi enhlabathini elula, ngaphandle kwe-potassium ine-magnesium ebalulekile.
4. I-ash ash - inemvelaphi yemvelo, engenabungozi, i-potassium oxide ingaba ne-14%.

Umquba omningi wezithelo zomvini

Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo ohlangene kwenza kube lula ukunakekela izihlahla, kunciphise izindleko zokugcina, ukufakwa kwezakhi eziwusizo kwenzeka ngokushesha futhi ukusebenza komthelela wabo emvinini kwanda. Ukutshala izimpande zamasimu izonikeza umphumela omuhle uma ukuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi kwenziwa ngosuku olulandelayo, ukuze kubalwe ngokunembile ukuhlushwa kwesidakamizwa esisetshenziswe emsebenzini.

Izinhlobo zezimila eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidumile:

1. Ammophos - 10% N no-45% P.
2. I-Diammophos - 21% N no-53% P.
3. I-ammonium polyphosphate ingama-23% N no-67% P.
4. I-potassium nitrate - 14% N no-46.5% K.
5. I-Nitrofosca - kufika ku-16% N, kufika ku-16% P no-16% K.
6. I-Metaphosphate ye-potassium - kufika ku-60% P no-40% K.
7. Nitroammophoska - 18% N, 18% K, 18% P.

Indlela yokutshala amagilebhisi entwasahlobo kanye namakhambi omuntu?

Amakhambi omphakathi angase asekele ngokuphumelelayo ukukhula kwezihlahla, uma esetshenziselwa isilinganiso esifanele futhi ngesikhathi esifanele kakhulu. Ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa izindawo zasemadolobheni umanyolo, umlotha, umswakama, ukumnika kwamakhemikhali, i-peat, umquba, udoti lwezinyoni, ukuthandwa kuyatholakala yizingxenye ezithile. Ukondla amagilebhisi omzimba kunezinzuzo nezingozi, okumele kuhlolwe ngaso sonke isikhathi emsebenzini.

Izinzuzo zokudla entwasahlobo enesivinini:

1. Ama-organic fertilizer atholakale ephindaphindiwe ekugcwaliseni izidakamizwa zemfuyo noma ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kwazo phambi kokulima okunomsoco cishe kukhululekile.
2. Izinto eziwusizo kulezi zokugqoka eziphezulu ziqukethwe efomini elula kakhulu etholakalayo.
3. Ukufaka umquba we-Organic kumnandi kuthinta isakhiwo somhlabathi.

Amaminithi okusebenzisa ukufaka umquba owenziwe ngamagilebhisi entwasahlobo:

1. Kunzima ukulawula umthamo odingekayo wezindaba zamaminerali.
2. Ukudla okunikeziwe kuhlangene nengozi ephakanyisiwe yokungeniswa esivinini sesibungu seziphukuphuku, ukuphikisana nokhula kanye nezifo.

Ukondla amagilebhisi entwasahlobo yezinkukhu zentwasahlobo

Ukukhiqizwa kwamagilebhisi okwenziwa ngendlela efanele ngesikhumba somkhukhu kuzokusiza ukugcwalisa inhlabathi ngeqoqo eligcwele lezinto eziwusizo, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwalokhu kumanyolo wemvelo kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ungashisi isitshalo. I-iresiphi yokulungiselela ukubunjwa okuphilayo okunomsoco ilula:

1. Gxilisa emanzini afanelekayo okubhebhezela izimbiza ngokulinganisa 1: 2.
2. Isixazululo sithathwa kuze kube amasonto amabili.
3. Ukutshala umvini entwasahlobo, umanyolo owatholayo ugcwele amanzi ahlanzekile 1:10.
4. Amabhakede isisombululo esilungile sanele amanzi 1 mhlabathi.

Ukudla kwamagilebhisi ngomlotha

Umlotha uqukethe izinto ezicebile - kufika ku-40% calcium, i-10% i-phosphorus, cishe i-potassium engama-20%, i-magnesium nezinye izici. Ukukhulelwa kwamagilebhisi nge-ash ash kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana:

1. Ukufakwa komlotha owomile emigodini eseduze nomgodla kuze kufike ku-2 kg ngesihlahla sabantu abadala.
2. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-Foliar nokukhipha umlotha - i-microfertilizer ithululelwa ngamabhakede ngamanzi 1: 2 futhi iqhubeke iqhubeka kuze kube yizinsuku ezintathu, ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ukulungiselela kuhlungwa ngokucophelela.
3. Ukuphuza isivini - ilitha elilodwa lomlotha lihlanjululwe ngamalitha amathathu amanzi, ukumnika okukhiqizwa amahora angu-24, bese kuhlanjululwe ngamanzi kuya ku-10 amalitha.