Ubuchopho buyisikhungo sokulawula umzimba wonke, ngakho umonakalo wayo uvame ukuphenduka umphumela obulalayo noma imiphumela embi. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic esheshayo yinkinga yemisebenzi yobuchopho, engadlulela kumaminithi amabili kuya kumahora angu-24 bese iphela ngesifo.
Izimbangela zokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic okudlulayo
Isimo esichaziwe sivela emonakalweni yesikhashana kokusabalalisa kwe-cerebral.
Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu kuhlaselwa yi-atherosclerosis ye-artery cerebral (i-large and medium caliber), kanye nezitsha eziyinhloko. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-atherosclerotic plaques akhiwa ngezinguquko ekukhulekeleni nasekubhubhiseni, ukubhekwa kwe-atherostenosis, atheroembolia, ukungabikho kwemvelo. Kukhona nezinguquko zesakhiwo emithanjeni yegazi.
Esinye isici esivamile esenza ukuba ukuhlaselwa okudlule kungukucindezeleka komzimba. Ukucindezela kakhudlwana kwandisa ukuthi udonga lwamasongo lushintsha ngokungenakuqondakala (i-hyalinolysis) futhi lukhuni ngenxa ye-fibrin ebeka phezu kwendawo yangaphakathi.
Cishe u-20% wabo bonke ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic kubangelwa izifo ezilandelayo:
- umonakalo we-rheumatic heart;
- i-cardiopathy;
- i-fibrillation ye-atrial;
- endocarditis;
- i-infarction ye-myocardial;
- aneurysms;
- ukubalwa kwe-valve mitral;
- i-prolapse;
- isifo senhliziyo esiswini;
- i-aortic stenosis ;
- ukuhlukaniswa kwemithambo yegazi (stratification);
- ukuphazamiseka okuyisisekelo se-vascular of genetic inflammatory;
- Izinguquko zesisu (emva kokubeletha, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa);
- i-dysplasia ye-fibro-muscular;
- I-Moya-Moya syndrome.
Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic ephuthumayo ebuchosheni
Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo ye-pathology okukhulunywe ngakho kuyo kuxhomeke ekutheni i-pool echibini yayonakalisiwe.
Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic esikhathini esizayo uma kwenzeka ukuphulwa kwe-carotid kwegazi nge-artery carotid:
- ukukhubazeka kwamalungu noma umzimba wonke, isigamu sobuso;
- ukuwohloka kokuzwela;
- ukuphazamiseka kwezixhobo zokukhuluma (aphasia, dysarthria, mutism);
- izinguquko ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo, ukuphuphuthekisa komunye oyedwa noma kokubili amehlo;
- ukwehla kwamakhono engqondo;
- ukuwohloka komsebenzi ophazamisayo ophezulu.
Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa kwesilonda se-vertebrobasilar basin:
- ukuhamba okunamandla;
- ukuzondeka kwesistimu;
- ukuthuthumela;
- ukunyakaza okungahambi kahle;
- i-nystagmus;
- ukuphazanyiswa komsebenzi wokuphefumula;
- ukulahlekelwa kokwazi.
Njengokwesikhashana esidlule, kukhona ukukhubazeka, ukwehla ekuboneni, ekukhulumeni, emisebenzini yengqondo, ukuntuleka kozwela emlenzeni noma emzimbeni wonke.
Imiphumela ye-ischemic ehlasela isikhathi eside
Ukucindezeleka okuyinhloko kwalesi simo yi-ischemic stroke yobuchopho kanye nokubunjwa okulandelayo kwezinkinga ezingezansi ze-neurological:
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- ukungakwazi ukuhambisa;
- i-dysarthria (ukukhubazeka kwenkulumo, ukubiza ngokungaqondile amagama angakhulunywa).
Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlasela okuphindaphindiwe kuholela ekufeni.
Ukwelashwa kokuhlasela kwe-ischemic okwesikhashana
Njengomthetho, umuntu akakwazi ukubikezela ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwe-pathology echazwe ngakho, ngakho-ke izifo eziphuthumayo zokugula izihambi zenziwa. Ukwelashwa kokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic esesikhashana kwenziwa esibhedlela somnyango wezinzwa futhi kuqukethe okulandelayo:
- Ukwamukelwa kwama-antaggregants nama-anticoagulants wezenzo eziqondile nezingaqondile (Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Dipiridamol).
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithathelwanayo kanye nezindlela zokunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi (ngosuku lwesibili emva kokuhlasela kwe-ischemic).
- Ukusetshenziswa kwama-neuroprotectors nezinto ze-nootropic.
- Ukuqokwa kwama-thrombolytic injections ukuchitha ama-deposits avala umthamo.
Ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic okudlulayo
Vimbela lesi sifo ngokunciphisa izingozi, ngokuthatha imithi eyanciphisa i-viscosity yegazi (i-acetylsalicylic acid, i-Cardiomagnesium). Kunconywa ukuba uphuze ama-statins, ama-disaggregants kanye nama-antihypertensives (uma kunesidingo).
Kubalulekile ukulondoloza indlela yokuphila enempilo nokuqapha ngokucophelela ukudla, ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwe- cholesterol eyengeziwe.