Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-Fetoplacental (FPN) yisimo lapho owesifazane okhulelwe enezinguquko zesakhiwo nokungajwayelekile kwe-placenta. Ngeziqu ezihlukahlukene, i-FPD itholakale cishe cishe wonke umama wesithathu ozayo, ngakho le nkinga ihambisana kakhulu. Ngokungasebenzi kahle kwe-fetoplacental, i-fetus ayitholi inani elifanele le-oksijeni, iqala ukuzwa i-hypoxia, ephazamisa kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwayo.
Izinhlobo ze-FPN
Odokotela babelana nge-FPN:
1. Ngokuvuthwa:
- Ukungakwazi ukutholwa komzimba okuyisisekelo kubangelwa ukwephulwa kokunamathiselwe kanye nesakhiwo se-placenta kuya ezinyangeni ezingu-4 zokukhulelwa. Kuvame ukuvela kwabesifazane abaye babhekana no-infertility noma abanenkinga ye-hormonal, izinguquko esibelethweni, isisu;
- Ukuntuleka kokubeletha kokubili kokubeletha kwenzeka nge-placenta ngokugcwele ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-4. Izimbangela zivame ukuphazamiseka kwamapayipi, i-gestosis, izinguquko zokuvuvukala esakhiweni se-placenta ngokumelene nokutheleleka.
2. Okwamanje:
- i-FPN esheshayo - isitembu esingaphambi kwesikhathi se-placenta ehambelana kahle, eyabangelwa ukwephulwa okubukhali kokugeleza kwegazi e-placental uterine;
- ukungakwazi kahle ukuhamba kahle kwe-fetoplacental - ukuphazamiseka kancane kancane kwegazi.
3. Ngohlobo lwezinkinga zokuthuthukiswa kwe-fetus:
- ifomu elikhokhelwa ukungaqiniseki kwesisu - i-fetus iqala ngokujwayelekile;
- ukunciphisa ukukhula kwe-FPN - ukukhula kwesikhathi;
- I-FPN ehlukunyezwayo - i-fetus iyalandela ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa kwenyanga noma ngaphezulu, kukhona ukuhlukumeza okukhulu kwenhliziyo, amathuba okufa komntwana ophakemeyo aphezulu.
4. Ngokweqile ukwephula:
- ukungafinyeleleki kwe-fetoplacental 1a degree - ukugeleza kwegazi okujwayelekile emithanjeni yomthambo womzimba. Kulesi simo kukhona ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yesibeletho;
- ukungakwazi kahle kwe-fetoplacental ye- 1b degree - ukugeleza kwegazi okuvamile emithanjeni ye-uterine. Kukhona ukwephulwa kwegazi ukugeleza emithanjeni yezintambo;
- Ukungafinyeleleki kwe-fetoplacental yezinga lesi- 2 - ukuphazamiseka emithanjeni ye-umbilical and uterine kuyatholakala. Noma kunjalo, izindinganiso ezibucayi azitholakali;
- ukungakwazi kahle kwe-fetoplacental ye- 3 degrees - izifo eziyingozi emithanjeni yezintambo zomzimba .
Izimbangela zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-fetoplacental
Kunezici eziningi ezivusa i-FPN:
- izifo ezinzima ezingapheli zomama ezifana nesifo se-thyroid, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, isifo sokuphefumula kwesifo sofuba;
- ukutheleleka kokuphefumula, izifo ze-venereal, amakhaza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
- ukukhulelwa okunzima ( gestosis , usongo lokuphuphuma kwesisu, i-Rhesus-impi);
- Ukunamathiswa okungavamile kwe-placenta;
- ukwelashwa kwesibeletho (i-adenomyosis, i-myoma, i-endometritis engapheli);
- ukukhipha isisu, ukukhulelwa kokukhulelwa, ukukhipha izisu okuzenzakalelayo ku-anamnesis;
- ukucindezeleka nokusebenza ngokweqile;
- ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
- imvelo empofu nezimo zokuphila;
- uneminyaka engama-35 emva kweminyaka engu-18.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kokungafinyeleleki kwesisu
I-FPN ingatholakala kuphela ngosizo lwezifundo ezikhethekile. Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokuntula ngokwanele kokutholwa komzimba kuqala umsebenzi omningi wengane, bese ukwehla kwenani lokuhamba kwakhe. Uma intuthuko ibambezelekile, udokotela uyabhala ukuthi akukho ukukhula kwesisu esiswini, ukungafani phakathi kokuphakama kwesibindi nesimo sokukhulelwa. Ukuthola ukutholakala kokungenwa kahle kwe-fetoplacental kwenziwa yindlela ye-ultrasonic, i-dopplerography ne-cardiotocography. Azikho izimali ezivumela ukwelapha okusheshayo kwe-FPN. Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukuthuthukisa ukushintshaniswa kwegesi, ubuyisele ukujikeleza kwe-uterine-placental futhi uvuselele ithoni yesibeletho. Kungenziwa kuqokwe i-Curantil, i-Actovegin, i-Ginipral, i-droppers ene-magnesia.