Igama elithi "therapy therapy" lihunyushwa kusukela kwisiLatini ngokuthi "ukwelashwa kwezobuciko". Le ndawo ye-psychotherapy incane, kodwa ikhula ngokushesha ngenxa yomphumela owenziwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Inezinhlobo eziningi nama-subspecies, okuvula amathuba amaningi okuqeda izinkinga zengqondo .
Iyini yokwelapha ubuciko?
Ekuqaleni, kwakungokwelashwa kwesithombe, okungukuthi, ukwelashwa kobuciko obuhle, kodwa kamuva kubonakala ezinye izinhlobo zobuciko - ukucula, ukudansa, ukwenza izinto, ukulinganisa, nabanye, okusiza umuntu ukuba aphumule futhi aphazamise emisebenzini ebalulekile, kodwa futhi aqonde ngokwengeziwe ngokwabo , ngaphakathi "I" yangaphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela ukulahla izingqinamba zayo nokuphikisana, ukuthuthukisa isimo sengqondo, ukuvumelanisa isimo sengqondo. Ukwelashwa kwezobuciko awunayo imiphumela engathandeki futhi akubanga ukumelana kumuntu, ngoba kulokhu inqubo ngokwalo ibalulekile, hhayi umphumela.
Iyini ukwelashwa kwezobuciko kwengqondo?
Lo mqondo wenziwa udokotela waseBrithani nomculi u-Adrian Hill, osebenza neziguli zesifo sofuba futhi waphawula ukuthi ukudweba kubasiza ukuba balwe nesifo. Ukwelapha ubuciko kwezokwelapha kwasetshenziswa ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yesibili ngokuphathelene nezingane ezikhishwe emakamu okuhlushwa. Namuhla kuqhutshwa ngesimo somsebenzi ngamunye kanye neqembu. Ukwelashwa kwezobuciko kungenziwa, ngisho nangaphandle kokushiya ekhaya, ukuthenga umbala we-coloring, owasungulwa nguJoanna Busford.
Izinjongo zobuciko bezobuciko
Ukudlula ukwelashwa ngobuciko, iklayenti iyaqaphela ulwazi lomuntu siqu, ukuzwakalisa nokuzihlola, okuvumela ukuvumelanisa isimo sakhe sengqondo . Ukwelapha ngobuciko kuhlose ukuthuthukisa isizinda sangokwengqondo nesomzwelo, kunciphisa ukucindezeleka, ukuqeda ukwesaba kanye nama-phobias, ukuhlukunyezwa, ukukhathazeka, ukunganakwa, ukucindezeleka, ukuthuthukisa ubungqabavu nokuzizwa.
Ngaphezu kokuvumelanisa isimo sengqondo somqondo wezengqondo ngezinto zokwelashwa kwezobuciko, imisebenzi elandelayo ilandelwa:
- Ukudalula amandla okudala omuntu, amakhono akhe namakhono akhe.
- Ukusheshisa ukutakula kwezifo eziningi.
- Misa ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-therapist kanye neklayenti, sungula ubudlelwano bokuthembela phakathi kwabo.
- Siza isiguli sigxile ekuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphakathi futhi ufunde ukulawula imizwelo yabo.
- Siza umuntu ukuba azivumelanise nomphakathi.
- Nika amandla ekuboniseni imizwa nemicabango yabo ukuthi umuntu akakwazi noma akafuni ukuveza ngendlela evamile.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zobuciko bezobuciko?
Ukwelashwa kwezobuciko kuyathinta ingqondo ngokucophelela, okungahambi kahle, ngoba inqubo yokwelapha ngokwayo ifana nokuzilibazisa. Ngokuvamile isiguli sisesimweni esicindezelekile futhi kunzima ukusungula ukuxhumana, futhi amathuba okwelapha ubuciko avumela umuntu ukuba aveze "I" ngethuluzi lokubukwa. Indlela yokwelashwa okunjalo isekelwe esimisweni sokuthi okuqukethwe kwe-"ego" yangaphakathi yesiguli kubonakala emifanekisweni ebonakalayo lapho eqoshwe, edonsa, emidanso noma ehlabelela, okuholela ekuvumelaneni nesimo se-psyche.
Ukwelashwa okunjalo akubangeli iklayenti ukuba inqabe noma inqabe, okubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abasesimweni sokucindezeleka. Kuhlala njalo ngokuzithandela futhi kuphephile. Ngenqubo yokwenza okuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphakathi ekudalweni kwakhe, umuntu akaqapheli ukuthi bayazi ngaphandle. Uma sicabangela le nqubo kusukela ekubukeni kwe-psychoanalysis, khona-ke indlela yayo eyinhloko yi-sublimation. Ngezithombe ezibukwayo nezithombe ezibonakalayo, ukungazi lutho kuhambisana nokuqonda, futhi lo muthi usiza isiguli ukuthi siqonde ukuthi "ukungazi" kwakhe kusho ukuthini ukumtshela.
Izinhlobo zokwelashwa kwezobuciko
Le nqubo yenzalo ekhulayo, eyenza izinto ezidingekayo zokukhulisa imingcele yayo nokuvela kwazo zonke "amathuluzi" amasha wezokwelapha. Izindlela zokwelashwa kwezobuciko zihlanganisa:
- isoterapy - ukudweba nokudweba;
- umshini wokwelashwa - umuntu uvezwe ekukhanyeni kwezikali ezihlukahlukene zombala;
- umculo wezokwelapha, ohlanganisa ukulalela izingoma ezihlukahlukene;
- ukwelashwa kwesihlabathi - ukudweba nesihlabathi;
- ukuphathwa kwevidiyo - kusho ukubuka ividiyo lapho i-hero ibonisa inkinga efanayo;
- umdlavuza wezemidlalo - ngenqubo yomdlalo imisebenzi edingekayo yengqondo yakhiwa;
- i-bibliotherapy - le ndlela isebenzisa izincwadi zokwelapha amagama;
- skazkoterapiyu - ukwakheka kwezinganekwane, ukuhlaziywa kwemisebenzi ekhona kakade;
- I-Maskoterapiju - isithombe esithandayo sokubukeka kwesiguli siyasetshenziswa, okuvumela ukuqondisa imizwelo kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo kwisiteshi esidingekayo;
- i-dramatherapy, okungukuthi, ukulinganisa, ukudlala isakhiwo;
- i-phototherapy - izithombe, ukudala amaklagi;
- Ukwelashwa kwamathambo - ukudansa;
- ubuciko-synthesis - ihlanganisa ukudweba, i-versification, i-cartoon, umbala, imaski, i-phototherapy, njll.
Ukwelapha ubuciko besifazane
Ezikhathini zanamuhla zokuphila, lapho abantu behlale becindezelekile, ukwelashwa kwezobuciko kusiza ukuba baziqonde ngokwabo, indawo yabo empilweni futhi bathole izindlela zokufeza izifiso zabo. Ukwelashwa kwezobuciko kubantu abadala kunika ithuba lokuqinisa amandla abo, ukuthola ukuzethemba nokuthula kwengqondo. Ngezithombe ezibukwayo zobuciko, isithombe sempilo yomuntu siqu sidalwa - uhlobo lomuntu ofuna ukulubona.
Ukwelashwa kwezobuciko kwabadala
Isiqondiso sokwelashwa ngaso sonke isikhathi sikhethwe ochwepheshe, kunikezwe ubunzima bohlobo ngalunye lobuciko. Futhi uma intsha ifaneleka kakhulu ukudlala emidlalo yaseshashalazini noma yokudansa, khona-ke ukwelashwa kwezobuciko kulabo asebekhulile kuhilela ukukhetha amasu alula futhi alula okulula ukulawula, futhi okungekho amakhono akhethekile adingekayo. Lapho usebenza nabantu asebekhulile kubalulekile ukukhuthaza umuntu ukuba aqale futhi angazami ukufeza umphumela othize. Lesi yisigaba esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba abantu abaningi kule nkathi abakholelwa emandleni abo, ngaphandle kwalokho bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kudinga ithalente ekhethekile.
Ukwelashwa kwezobuciko - umzimba
Kunezindlela eziningi zokuxazulula izinkinga zakho zangaphakathi. Nazi ezinye zazo:
- Lapho usebenza nengane, cela ukuthi athole ukwesaba kwakhe. Ukwesaba kubuyele emuva, kufanele kwenziwe okuhlekisayo nokuhlekisayo. Isibonelo, ukudweba umnsalo we-ingwenya, nenja embi amaphiko amancane.
- Izindlela zobuchwepheshe bezobuciko zihlanganisa ukuzivocavoca okuthiwa "Kalyaki Malyaki". Isiguli siyamenywa ukuthi singadonisi, bese sicabangela ngokucophelela bese ukhetha isithombe esinembile, simdwebe, udwebe, bese uchaza isithombe.
- Izindlela zokwelashwa kwezobuciko zihlanganisa inqubo ye- "collage". Ngomongo wesihloko esinikeziwe, glue, sculpt futhi udwebe ephepheni noma yini. Ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa ngokucabangela ubukhulu nesimo sezinto, umbala, isakhiwo, ukuvumelana, njll.
Amabhuku on therapy ubuciko
Ukwelapha ngokuziveza ngokwakho kuhlanganiswa emisebenzini elandelayo:
- "Izindlela zokwelashwa zobuciko eziphathelene nomzimba" A.I. Kopytina . Umhlahlandlela osebenzayo osiza ekubhekaneni nokulimala okuhlukahlukene nokulutha.
- "Ukuzikhandla kokwelashwa kwezobuciko: izindlela, ukuxilongwa, izinhlelo zokuqeqesha" L.D. Lebedevoy . Umbhali ngendlela elula futhi efinyeleleka inikeza incazelo eningiliziwe yamasu wokwelapha ubuciko, ubala konke okudingekayo kulokhu, uchaza amasu okuxilonga.
- "Ukwelashwa ngokuziveza ngokuziveza" Kuyasivunguvungu . Le ncwadi ihlunga lonke uhlu lwezinqubo zokwelapha ezisuselwe kubuciko nobuciko.