Aukuba Japanese - izici zokulima nokukhiqiza

I-Dioecious "yegolide", "umuthi wesobho" - noma i-aukuba yesiJapan evela ezweni elangeni elikhulayo. Igama layo ekuhumusheni lisho ukuthi "njalo uhlaza". Khulisa i-aucoube ngenxa yamahlamvu aqhakazile, isitshalo singahlobisa njengendlu ejwayelekile, nehholo elimele noma ihhovisi.

Isitshalo sekhaya se-aucuba sibonakala kanjani?

Isihlahla semi-arboreal kule ncazelo sibonakala ngokukhula okumangalisayo - kufinyelela ku-1.8m ubude. Amahlumela awo aqondile, igatsha elihle, elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amaqabunga amasiko ahle kakhulu - ahlukaniswe (afinyelele ku-20 cm ubude no-6 cm ububanzi), anamahlumela aphuzi okwesibhakabhaka, njengokungathi iwashi legolide lawela esihlahleni. Lesi sitshalo asiqabukeli ngo-March-Ephreli nge-panicles encane, engathandeki. Ama-rosette ama-cherry noma amnyama ahlotshiswe ngama-petals of shape-elance-lance nge ububanzi obufinyelela ku-4.5 mm. Ngemuva kwezimbali, amajikijolo amhlophe angama-7 mm akhiwa.

Flower of the aucuba - ukutshala

Indawo engcono kakhulu ekamelweni eliyi-akuba yi-light, penumbra. Ukutshala akudingeki kube izimbiza ezinamandla kakhulu - kumele zifanane nosayizi wesistimu. Ngemuva kokuthenga i-aukuba, amaJapane aneliswe ukuba athuthele esitsheni esifanelekile esine-claydite emkhathini we-1/3 wokuphakama kwesitsha. Ukufakelwa kokutshala kwenziwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngendlela yokuguqula, ukuze ungabhubhisi izimpande zesitshalo. Ukuphuza isihlahla ngesikhathi esisodwa akudingekile - kungcono ukukwenza ngosuku olulandelayo. Zonke izindawo zembali yaseJapane zinobuthi, kubalulekile ukuthi ugqoke amagilavu ​​phakathi nezinqubo, ugeze izandla ngesepha emva komsebenzi.

Ukulima kwe-aukuba

I-aukuba yaseJapane ikhetha ukushisa ngaphakathi kwe-22-23 ° C, ayithandi ukuguquguquka okujulile kokushisa, ama-drafts. Ehlobo kungadluliselwa emgwaqweni engadini emthunzini noma emkhathini wokuphuza umoya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isihlahla kufanele sibekwe ukuze singalimazi ngelanga, umoya nemvula. Ukuze ubusika, ungathola indawo epholile ngezimo + 10-14 ° C, kodwa ngaphansi kuka-6 ° C, izinga lokushisa akufanele liyeke. Izimbali namaqabunga e-Japanese aukuba okuhlotshaniswayo atholakala ngokukhanyisa umthunzi. Ngakho amapulethi akhe alondoloza kangcono ukuhlukahluka kweshidi.

Inhlabathi ye-Aucuba

Ukwakha i-aukuba enesihlava esinempilo, izimbali ezinjalo zasendlini kufanele zitshalwe enhlabathini elula. I-substrate ingahle ilungiselelwe ngokuzimela: mix sod, umhlaba ohlaza (noma ama-humus), i-peat ehlanjululweyo nesihlabathi esinamaqabunga ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo. Umkhumbi kufanele ube nomgodi kanye nemithombo emihle, kungenjalo kusukela ekujuleni kwamanzi okutshala amahlamvu emahlumela azofihla izindawo eziluhlaza.

Indlela yokusakazwa ngayo i-auscube?

I-aukuba yesiJapane ehlobisa-amaqabunga isakazwa ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Imbewu. Ekhaya, imbewu yekhwalithi ingatholwa kuphela uma kunezitshalo ezimbili eziyingqimba, kungenjalo imibungu yezinhlamvu ezitshalweni ayikwenzi. Kwezinye izihlahla izimbali zinezinhlanzi, kwabanye - izinhlayiya, isiko kumele sibe nomuthi we-pollin ne-cotton swab. Imbewu yokuhluma ilahleka ngokushesha, ngakho-ke akukho nhlobo ekuyigcineni.

Imbewu ehlwanyelwe ngokushesha ifakwe amahora amaningana, ihlwanyela esitsheni esikhulu esine-peat eyomile ehlanganiswe ngilazi. Isiqukathi sifakwa endaweni efudumele, isetshenziswe ngendlela ehlelekile futhi isondeza inhlabathi. Lapho amahlumela aneziqabunga ezingu-3-4, indaba yokumboza ingasuswa. Amahlumela ashintshwe enhlabathini ehlanganiswa ne-turf, humus nesihlabathi ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-2: 1: 1. Uma zisakazwa yizimbewu, ukuhlukahluka kwamaqabunga angeke kugcinwe;

2. Cuttings. Lena indlela esheshayo yokukhiqiza. Inqubo yenziwa ngoFebhuwari noma ngoMashi. Kusukela ku-aukuba evuthiwe ekusakazeni nge-cuttings, isithasiselo esinamaqabunga ama-2-3 sihlukanisiwe futhi siswe emxinini onesihlabathi se-peat-sand, ehlanganiswe ne-cellophane noma ibhodlela leplastiki. Lapho izithombo ziba nezimpande, amaqabunga amancane akhula kuwo. Isiqu esinzima sihlwanyelwe emkhunjini ohlukile nomhlabathi ovela emhlabathini, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat, iziqongo zawo ngokushesha zenzeke umqhele omningi.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Aukuba - ekhaya

Esikhathini esizayo sokunakekelwa kweJapane aukuba kuqukethe ukuphuza okufika ngesikhathi, ukupha njalo ngezikhathi ezithile, ukufakelwa kabusha emagqumeni. Ukwenza umqhele omuhle ngesikhathi sehlobo entwasahlobo ekuqaleni kwenkathi yemifino, kukhishwa ama-prickles kanye nokusika izihlahla zama-apical. Ngakho-ke induna yaseJapane inikeza amahlumela namagatsha amasha, iba luhle futhi inhle, ikhulise ngokugcwele inqwaba eluhlaza. I-cuttings esele ifaneleka ekusakazweni kwesiko.

Ukufakelwa kwe-aucubic

I-aukuba yesiJapan nge ukunakekela ekhaya akudingi ukufakelwa njalo. Esikhathini esisodwa, isilwane esidala sithola kahle iminyaka engu-5-10, kungcono ukuyiphazamisa lapho izimpande zimboza ngokuphelele imbiza. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, ukushintshwa okuyingxenye yenhlabathi kungenzeka - cishe ingxenye yesithathu yengxenye engenhla. Izitshalo zaseJapane ezisencane kuya eminyakeni emithathu ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulayo zifakelwa njalo ngonyaka entwasahlobo. Kulesi simo, isitsha sithengwa ngaphezu kwesandulela. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kwenziwa nge-transshipment, ngaphandle kokubhubhisa udoti lobumba, ngokucophelela ukuze kungabonakali izimpande ezinobunzima nezibuhlungu.

I-Aucuba isitshalo sokunisela

I-aukuba yesiJapane engenamahloni njengesitshalo sezindlu idinga ukuchelela okulinganiselwe, kodwa okuhlelekile kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Hlanganisa imbali lapho ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba luma, ukugwema ukuqhuma okweqile. Ebusika, ukunciphisa kuncishisiwe, umthetho usetshenzisiwe - kungcono ukufaka ngaphansi kwe-underload kunokuba uwedlule. I-aukuba ayesabi ukoma okwesikhashana, kepha ukuqhuma kwamanzi kuzoholela ekubukeni kwamachashazi emaqabunga. Ukunisela kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amanzi ahlale njalo afudumele.

Ekwindla nobusika, isiko saseJapane sinconywa ukuthi sishaye, ikakhulukazi emakamelweni okushisa okuphakathi, ukuze isihlahla singaqala ukulahla amahlamvu kusuka ekumeni okweqile komoya. Uma lesi sitshalo sigcinwa emazingeni okushisa apholile, kufanele siphuze ngokucophelela, siqiniseke ukuthi isikhunta asibonakali. Ehlobo nasentwasahlobo, ukufiphala akudingekile, ngeke kwenzeke.

I-Japanese aukuba isitshalo - umanyolo owengeziwe

I-evergreen yesiJapane i-aukuba lapho ukwelashwa ekhaya kudinga ukondla. Yondla kanye ngesonto kusuka ngoMashi kuya ku-Agasti ngamaminerali amaminerali ezitshalo eziqhamukayo, ehlanganisa inqubo yokunisela. Ukugxila kusetshenziselwa ngokwemiyalelo ephaketheni. Yebo, isihlahla siphenduka kumakhemikhali ehlobo - ehlobo sondliwa nge-sulurry ehlanjululwe kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Kudingekile ukuba usebenzise umhlabathi onomanzi ngomanyolo, ukuze ungashisi izimpande zesitshalo. Isitshalo esondlekile kahle sineziqabunga ezinamandla namaphethini aqhakazile.

Izifo ze-aukuba

Uma ukhula isihlahla, ungabhekana nezinkinga eziningana. Imbali yangaphakathi ye-aucuba ekunakekelweni okungalungile iphendula ngokushesha, isignali sokuqala isetshenziswa amaqabunga njalo:

1. Inkinga evame kakhulu ukushabalalisa kwamabala aphuzi. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukungabi nokukhanya. Ibhodlela kufanele lihanjiswe endaweni elula.
2. Ukuhlanza okumnyama emaqabungeni kusho ukuthi isiko sithola umswakama okuningi. Izikhathi eziningana kufanele weqe ukunisela, ukuze umhlaba owomile, bese ulungisa imvamisa.
3. Amaqabunga aphukile, uma isihlahla simi elangeni, kungcono ukuyihlela kabusha emthunzini.
4. Uma amaqabunga ephuzi, umoya ekamelweni unomile kakhulu. Isihlahla kufanele siphuziswa kusuka kumfutho.
5. Ukukhula okusheshayo kwe-aukuba kubonisa ukungabi namsoco, ukusetshenziswa kwezimila zamaminerali kungasiza.
6. Lapho amanzi enamanzi, i-overcooled futhi engafanelekanga amanzi, isihlahla sonakaliswa ukubola, ikakhulukazi izibonelo ezincane. Uhlelo lwempande luba obomvu kanti ama-Japanese aukuba ashona ngokushesha. Lesi sitshalo kumele sisuswe, ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba ihlanzwe, izinqubo ezithintekile ziqedwe, amandla kanye nomhlabathi ushintshiwe. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, manzi amanzi kancane. Ungagcina isihlahla kuphela esigabeni sokuqala sesifo. Esikhathini esizayo, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lokushisa elifanele kanye nokuphuza.
7. Uma izinambuzane zibonakala emaqabunga, ngokuvamile ziyi- spider mite (i-plaque emhlophe) noma i- thrips (i-blemishes), i-aukuba yesiJapan kufanele iphathwe nenambuzane i-Decis, i-Actellik, i-Inta-vir.
8. Izihlangu kanye nama-aphid ziqala ukuhlala ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zamaqabunga, bese zihlanganisa yonke indawo. Amapulangwe ayenamahloni ngenxa yokuthi ama-parasites adonsa yonke ijusi kubo. I-aphid iqhubeka isitshala lesi sitshalo ngengubo enamathele. Ukuqaphela izimpawu zokubukeka kwazo (izindawo ezimnyama noma ezibomvu), isitshalo kufanele siphathwe ngesisombululo sesasip, bese sipholwa nge-Acelellik esinambuzane, siphindwe kathathu ngezikhathi ezinsukwini ezingu-14. Isihlangu sihlanzwa ngokungeziwe nge-swab ikotini efakwe utshwala.