Ukutshala ama-raspberries entwasahlobo yasentwasahlobo ukubuka kuqala inqubo enzima. Ukuhambisana nezincomo eziningana kanye nesifiso sokunikeza ukunakekelwa kokuqala kokunciphisa kuzokhishwa ngempumelelo. Indawo ekhethiwe kahle futhi elungiselelwe, izinto zokutshala ikhwalithi kanye namathiphu aqinisekisiwe abalimi abanolwazi kuyisisekelo sempumelelo.
Indlela yokutshala ama-raspberries entwasahlobo enezithombo?
Ukusajingijolo akuyazi nje kuphela izimfanelo zayo eziwusizo kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi kwamajikijolo awo, kodwa futhi ngokuzifunayo. Ukuze ukhule izithelo ezithwala i-raspberries, kuzodingeka ukuthi wenze imizamo eminingi ngisho nangesikhathi sokutshala izithombo ezithengiwe kusayithi.
- Izitshalo ze-raspberries ngemuva kokuzimisela endaweni yazo ezihlala njalo ziyokhula lapho iminyaka engaphezu konyaka, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhetha inhlabathi ngokufanele kusayithi. Okukhethwa kahle - indawo ilanga, kodwa ivaliwe kahle emoyeni nasezingxenyeni. Isithunzi ngeke sithinte inqwaba eluhlaza ehlathini, kodwa isivuno asikwazi ukulinda. Amahlumela aqala ukwelulela elangeni futhi ngenxa yalokho, i-buds yenziwa phezu kwezingqimba ezingavuthiwe. Ebusika bayomisa.
- Kuhle ukucabanga ngomakhelwane. Izihlahla ze-Apple noma i-plums zibhekwa njengezikhethelo ezihle, kanti ama-raspberries ama-currant azoqala ukucindezeleka.
- Ukutshala kufanele kudale izimo ezifanele zokukhula okusheshayo, ngoba ukugeleza kokushisa kwentwasahlobo kuqala. Ukwenyuka komhlabathi kuyingozi kakhulu ohlelweni lwempande. I-Sernnesuglinisty, inhlabathi evundiwe kahle futhi enomsoco - inhlanganisela ephelele.
Indlela yokukhetha izithombo zokusajingijolo zokutshala entwasahlobo?
Ekusentwasahlobo, cishe wonke amadolobha aqala isikhathi sezintandokazi ze-horticultural nemikhosi. Lapho ungathola izithombo kuzo zonke ukunambitheka. Noma kunjalo, umkhuba ubonise ukuthi kuyingozi ukuthenga isitoreji sokutshala ngaphandle kokujwayele umdayisi. Inhloso yezimakethe ezifanele noma ezizenzekelayo ukudayisa izimpahla, ngakho-ke kukhona abalimi abambalwa beqiniso lapho, abathengisi abaningi abavame ukuhamba nabo. Uma isithombo sinamandla, singabonakala singasendle noma uhlobo oluhluke kakhulu. Kunezinqubo eziningana zokukhetha izithombo zokusajingijolo lapho uthenga.
- Nakani ukupakisha. Uma izihlahla zihlala emasakeni epulasitiki, amathuba okubola phansi izimpande aphezulu. Isilinganiso sokusinda sezinsizi sinciphisa izikhathi eziningana.
- Ezincane ezitshalweni, kungcono ukuzivumelanisa endaweni entsha.
- Izithombo kufanele zibe namahlumela amabili noma amane. Ezitolo noma ezitolo ze-intanethi zisala ezintathu. I-stalk encane encane ifaneleka kangcono, ukuphunyuka eside kuyoshabalala.
Indlela yokugcina izithombo zokusajingijolo ngaphambi kokutshala?
Emva kokuthenga ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kuzodingeka ukhethe indawo epholile, ukuze impahla yokutshala izosinda ezinsukwini ezifunayo. Kunconywa ukuba wehla emabhodini amancane ajulile noma amabhodlela epulasitiki. Igumbi kufanele libe nesimo sokushisa esiphezulu njalo. Kungaba ibhaluni, igumbi elisenyakatho ezweni noma ngisho negumbi le-steam ebhodini elibi. Embuzweni wokuthi ungagcina kanjani izithombo zokusajingijolo, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngokukhanya okulinganiselwe, ubumnyama obuphelele ngeke buyenze.
Lapho ukutshala izithombo zokusajingijolo izithombo entwasahlobo?
Ukukhuluma ngezinsuku eziqondile ngisho nezinsuku ezilinganiselwa kunzima, ngoba esifundeni ngasinye sezulu isimo sokushintsha kwesimo sezulu singumuntu ngamunye.
- Izifunda eziseningizimu nehlobo lokushisa ehlobo esishisayo kuphela ekwindla. Entwasahlobo, izithombo zizoya esiteji sokuhluma amahlumela, kungabi nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande, ngenxa yalokho, kushabalala.
- Ibhande eliphakathi livumela abalimi ukuba basebenze entwasahlobo nasekwindla ngaphandle kokwesaba ukulahlekelwa izitshalo. Uma iqhwa liphuma ngemuva kwesikhathi sendawo yakho, amathuba okuphila aphezulu entwasahlobo. Ukutshala izithombo zokusajingijolo kuwela isikhathi kusukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya kuMeyi. Nakhu kubalulekile ukulandela izibikezelo: uma emva kuka-Ephreli ebandayo kufika ngesikhathi esisodwa ngoMeyi owomile, kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukufika kuze kube sekuwa.
Indlela yokuphatha izithombo zokusajingijolo ngaphambi kokutshala?
Izinto ezikhethiwe kahle zokutshala kanye nesitoreji sazo asikona isiqinisekiso sokuqothula okuphumelelayo. Ukugxuma kunamandla okulungisa zonke iziphambeko zasendlini kulezi zigaba ezimbili, zivikele ezinkingeni ezingenzeka.
- Isidakamizwa " Aktara " noma nanoma iyiphi enye inambuzane yomhlabathi izovikela uhlelo lwempande. Entwasahlobo, izimpungushe ze-beetle ye-May kanye ne-wireworm, ezidla izimpande, ziyasebenza. Ukwehla kuyokwenzela ukulahlekelwa umswakama uma isitoreji singalungile.
- Uma ngaphambi kokutshala ama-raspberries ezitshalweni zentwasahlobo konke kwenziwe kahle, ngaphambi kokutshala kungenzeka ukugoqa izimpande zibe yizicucu. Ukuze ulungiselele, ama-gramu angu-6 e-"Aktar" ahlanganiswa ngamalitha amathathu amanzi bese engeza ikhambi elilodwa le "Kornevin" nobumba obumnyama.
Indlela yokutshala izithombo zokusajingijolo izithombo entwasahlobo?
Emva kokukhetha isayithi nokulilungiselela, ungaqala ukusebenza. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuthola izithombo.
- Indlela ehlathini ifaneleka ukutshala izihlahla ezithile, okuyizinhlamvu zazo ezifinyelela eziyishumi. Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo zokusajingijolo lapho utshalwa imitha eyodwa, okufanayo kuyoba phakathi kwemigqa.
- Iziqu ezincane zitshalwe ngendlela ye-tape. Lona ngumgqa oqinile wezingane. Phakathi kwemigqa kuyoba khona kakade amamitha amabanga amabanga, futhi phakathi kwemigodi - angabi ngaphezu kuka-60 cm. Ngaphambi kokufika, amatheyipi afakwe ngendlela ye-trellises.
Mulching of izithombo zokusajingijolo izithombo nge sawdust
Ngokusungulwa kwezixhobo eziphilayo ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezigcizelelwe ukugcizelela i- nitrogen . Ngentwasahlobo, kuvame ukuhlanzwa, futhi izitshalo zidinga i-vagi eningi. Ukuxazulula le mibili imisebenzi ihlanganisa mulching. Ukuqala ukuguqulwa kufanele kube ngemuva kokwethulwa kokufaka umquba, lapho amahlumela athatha indawo efinyelela ku-30 cm. Lokhu kuyiqiniso kumbhande opholile. Ungakwazi ukufaka umquba futhi ekuqaleni kukaJune, lapho inhlabathi ifudumele kahle.
Ukuxubha ama- raspberries entwasahlobo kunemikhakha yayo, kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni lwezinto zokumboza. Ukuqothulwa kokushisa kwe-cellulose kususa i-nitrogen enhlabathini, ngakho-ke uma ukufaka umquba kufanele kufakwe kancane kunezindinganiso eziphakanyisiwe. Kodwa-ke, ukwandisa kwe-nitrogen kuholela ekukhunjweni kwezihlahla: kunezinto eziningi ezimilayo, kodwa ama-berries ambalwa.
Ukunakekela izithombo zokusajingijolo entwasahlobo
Ukutshala ama-raspberries ezitshalweni zentwasahlobo kunamaphuzu amaningana. Uma utshala, kubalulekile ukuthulula zonke iziqu ngokuningi. Umhlaba emva kokumba akuhlanganiswa, kodwa uzixazulula emva kokufakwa kwamanzi. Ama-7 amalitha amanzi athululelwa ngaphansi kwesithombo ngasinye. Esikhathini sentwasahlobo, izithombo zokusajingijolo zidinga ukunakekelwa njalo.
- Ngaphambi kokutshala noma ngisho nangemva kwayo, amahlumela kufanele ahlukaniswe ukuphakama kwama-30 cm. Lokhu kwenziwa ukwandisa ukugeleza kwamandla okutshala ohlelweni lwempande. Iziqu zizokhipha yonke into, ngakho ukuziqeda kuzoholela ekukhuleni okukhulayo kwezinzalo, futhi izinga lokusinda liyakhula.
- Emva kokuchelela okuningi, umhlabathi ngaphansi kwe-cuttings uhambelana.
- Lapho ama-cuttings ethatha izimpande, angadliwa ngokweqile ngemifino eyinkimbinkimbi. Asikwazi ukushiya ukhula, ikakhulukazi engozini utshani obusha.
- Amanzi kufanele abe neningi kanye ngesonto. Lokhu kuzokhuthaza ukukhula okuhle kwezimpande. Ukuphuza okuncane njalo ama-raspberries akufanelekile.
- Izihlahla kufanele ziboshwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufinyelela kuwo wonke amagatsha elanga.
Uma uqala ukuthela izithelo ze-raspberries ngemuva kokutshala izithombo?
Ukulungisa izinhlobo zijabulela amajikijolo okuqala kakade kule nkathi. Uma izihlahla zitshalwe ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, isivuno sokuqala sinesikhathi sokuvuthwa kakade ngo-Agasti ekupheleni kwenyanga. Ukuze i-raspberries evamile ihlushwa isithelo kuphela kwenzeka ngemva konyaka owodwa ngemuva kokuphuma. Kulo mbuzo, lapho ama-raspberries enikeza isivuno sokuqala, kunama-nuances. Abaqaphi bezamasimu balindile ukukhipha amajikijolo ngonyaka, kodwa thola okuncane kuphela.
Lokhu kuyinto evamile ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kokufika, isithombo sinikeza amajikijolo ambalwa, kodwa amahlumela amaningana aqinile. Ngonyaka wesithathu, kuzakuba khona amajikijolo amaningi, kanti izithelo ezigcwele izithelo kufanele kulindeleke kuphela ngenkathi yesine ngemuva kokuduka. Ngakho-ke, asisheshe sishintshe okusajingijolo endaweni elula kakhulu noma siyigcine, sithemba ukuthola izinhlobo ezikhiqizayo.