I-anesthesia ngesikhathi sokubeletha kusiza owesifazane ukuba adlulise kalula indlela yokubonakala kwengane ekukhanyeni. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamasu we-anesthesia kunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga . Ake sihlole ngokuningiliziwe izindlela zokwelapha izinzwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha, thola ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhethwayo, nokuthi ungaziphilisa kanjani izinhlungu zomsebenzi ngesikhathi sokubeletha ngaphandle kwemithi.
Ingabe i-anesthesia ngesikhathi sokubeletha?
Ukuzalwa ngaphandle kokubuhlungu kwakubonakala sengathi akunakwenzeka. Nokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwemithi kuvumela owesifazane okhulelwe ukuba abe umama cishe ubuhlungu. Lokhu kudala izimo zenduduzo enkulu, okuncipha ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo ezicindezelayo, ukuqeda ukwesaba. Ukunciphisa ngokugcwele isifo sobuhlungu, futhi ngaso leso sikhathi sanyamalala futhi ukwesaba ezingeni elingenakuqonda.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-anesthesia ngesikhathi sokubeletha ngezinye izikhathi iyadingeka. Ngaphandle kwe-anesthesia, ukulethwa akuyona imali enkulu phambi kwezifo ezingapheli. Ngakho, odokotela banciphisa ukuhlupheka kowesifazane ekubelethweni, kunciphisa ngokuphelele ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo. Konke lokhu kuthinta kahle ijubane lesikhathi sokuphumula kanye nobude balo.
I-anesthesia ngesikhathi sokubeletha - "for" futhi "ngokumelene"
Akubona bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe abakhetha umsebenzi olula ngaphandle kokubuhlungu. Abaningi baphambene no-anesthesia kule nkathi. Ukutheleleka kwabo kwangaphambili kuhlotshaniswa nomthelela omubi ebusweni le-anesthetic component. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane abathintekayo bayaqiniseka ukuthi usana olune-anesthesia ngeke lukwazi ukuvumelanisa nezimo ezintsha zemvelo. Noma kunjalo, izindlela zanamuhla ze-anesthesia aziqedi ngokuphelele ukutholakala kwezici ezibalwe.
Ucwaningo lwamuva ku-obstetrics luye lwafakazela ukuthi ukuphumula okunomsoco okunempilo okulethwa ngesikhathi esifanele, ukuhambisana nezilinganiso, kunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga. Ukukhuluma nge-analgesia ngesikhathi sokubeletha, odokotela babiza amaphuzu alandelayo:
- ukunciphisa ubuhlungu besifo;
- ukuqeda ukucindezeleka;
- ukuvimbela u- hypoxia wesisu .
Kodwa njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yezokwelapha, umjovo we-anesthetic ekubelethweni kunemiphumela emibi:
- ukuthuthukiswa kokuphendula okweqile;
- ukubuthakathaka komsebenzi.
Uhlobo lwe-anesthesia ngezinhlobo noma emisebenzini
Izindlela ze-anesthesia ngesikhathi sokubeletha, kuye ngokuthi izindlela nezindlela ezisetshenzisiwe, ngokuvamile zihlukaniswe zibe:
- izindlela ezingezona ezemithi;
- imithi;
- i-anesthesia yesifunda.
Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokwelapha i-anesthesia kungenxa yesimo se-fetus nowesifazane okhulelwe. Odokotela bacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa i-anesthesia, ukunaka:
- isikhathi sokubeletha;
- inani lezithelo;
- ukungabikho kokuphikisana kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Izindlela ezingezona ezemithi zesifo sokubeletha sokubeletha
I-anti-drug anesthesia ekuzalweni kokubeletha ayifaki ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwemithi. Kulesi simo, odokotela basebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza kwengqondo, i-physiotherapy, ukuphefumula okufanele . Ngakho kungenzeka ukuphazamisa lo wesifazane ebuchosheni obukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, ukunciphisa ukuhlupheka okuhambisana nenqubo yokuvula intamo , ukuxosha ingane. Phakathi kwezindlela ezivamile:
- I-Psychoprophylaktka - eqhuba izifundo lapho owesifazane okhulelwe eqaliswa khona ekuqaliseni kwenqubo yokubeletha, ufundiswa ukuphumula, ukuphefumula, i-tuzhitsya.
- Ukushisa kwesifunda se-lumbar kanye ne-sacrum - kunciphisa ubuhlungu, kusiza ukuhambisa isikhathi sokuphulukiswa komlomo wesibeletho kulula.
- Inqubo yokuphefumula - kusiza ukuphumula, hhayi ukuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu.
- Ukwakhiwa kwamapulangwe - ukufakwa kwezinaliti ezikhethekile ngesikhathi sokubeletha kusiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba, lungiselela owesifazane okhulelwe ekubelethweni.
- Amabhati afudumele - ukunciphisa ithoni ye-musculature ye-uterine, ukusheshisa inqubo yokuvula, ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka.
Izindlela zokwelashwa ze-analgesia zokubeletha
Njengoba igama liphakamisa, izindlela ezifana ne-anesthesia zihilela ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa. I-analgesic ye-analgesia yokubeletha ikhethiwe ngayinye. Kumele kucatshangelwe ukuthi lezi zidakamizwa ziyakwazi ukungena emkhawulweni we-placental, ngakho zingasetshenziswa kuphela esikhathini esithile sokusebenza kanye nomthamo okhethwe udokotela. Ngokwenqubo yokuphathwa kwe-anesthetic, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa:
- Anesthesia engathandeki. Lokhu kubonisa ukufakwa kwesidakamizwa ngqo kwigazi elijwayelekile, okuholela ekuqedeni okuphelele kokuqaphela. Isiguli sigxila ebuthongweni, kanti ukuzwela kukhishwe.
- I-epestural anesthesia. Lokhu kubonisa ukufakwa kwesidakamizwa esifundeni somgogodla. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhanjiswa kwezinzwa zesibindi kusuka ezingxenyeni eziphansi zomzimba kuvinjelwe.
- Inhalation anesthesia. Ukufakelwa komzimba kujojowe ngephutha lokuphefumula.
I-anesthesia yezokwelapha yokubeletha ithinta kahle ukuvuselelwa okulandelayo kwesifazane. Umama wesikhathi esizayo akazwa ukwesaba, ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo okuhambisana nokulethwa okuzayo. Izimiso zanamuhla zokubulawa kwezinzwa ekubelethweni zinezinzuzo eziningi, phakathi kwazo:
- ukulawula okugcwele kwenqubo yokulethwa;
- ukungabikho kwemiphumela emibi;
- umthelela omncane ebusweni.
Izindlela Zanamuhla Zokuhlunguphazwa Kwezinhlungu Zama-Anesthetizing
I-anesthesia yesimanje yokuzalwa ingabandakanyi ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwemithi ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Kulesi simo, umphumela wezidakamizwa ze-anesthetic ku-fetus ngokwawo unciphisa. Kuyasiza ukubeletha ingane enempilo, kuphuthumise izinqubo zokuthola umzimba wesifazane esikhathini sokuhamba kwesikhathi. Phakathi kwezindlela ezisetshenzisiwe ezisetshenziselwa kabanzi zanamuhla zesifo sokubulala izinzwa:
- i-anesthesia ye-epidural ;
- ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi (ukusungulwa kwe-anesthetic esifundeni sezinzwa zesimungulu);
- Ukwethulwa kwezidakamizwa ezingxenyeni zomsele wokuzala (kunciphisa ukuzwela, kunciphisa ukukhathazeka lapho kudlulisa ingane ngokusebenzisa umsele wokuzalwa).
I-anesthesia ekubelethweni - i-anesthesia ye-epidural
I-epestural anesthesia ngesikhathi sokubeletha isakazeke ngenxa yokusebenza kahle, ukungabi nethonya kwengane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungenzeka ukuqinisekisa induduzo enkulu yowesifazane osemsebenzini. Isidakamizwa sifakwe endaweni phakathi kwe-vertibrae yesi-3 neyesi-4. Ukuvala ukuhanjiswa kwemizwa ye-nervous kungabandakanyi umuzwa wobuhlungu. Owesifazane uqobo uyazi futhi angazwa ukukhala kokuqala kwengane yakhe, njengokubeletha kwemvelo.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlaziywa ngesikhathi sokubeletha kunezinselelo zayo. Phakathi kokuyinhloko:
- ukungaziphathi kahle komama onenkathi embi yokusebenza;
- Ukwandisa isikhathi sokuxoshwa kwabantwana;
- ingozi ye-hypoxia enomntwana ngenxa yokwehla okunamandla kwengcindezi yegazi kumama.
An analgesous analgesia ngesikhathi sokubeletha
Ama-painkillers ajwayelekile ukuphathwa ngendlela engavamile. Lokhu kubangelwa ingozi enkulu yezinkinga. Ngemva kokusebenzisa iningi lezinzwa zokubulala izinzwa, kunciphisa emsebenzini, ukuthuthukiswa kokuvimbela, okuthinta kakhulu inqubo yokulethwa kwezidingo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunethuba lokunciphisa ithoni lezinhlaka zomzimba, okungalungile inqubo yokuxoshwa komntwana: ukulwa kuyabuthakathaka, kunesikhathi esifushane nokuqina.
I-anesthesia yemvelo ngesikhathi sokubeletha
Uma ucabanga ngendlela yokuqeda ukubeletha, abantwana besifazane bavame ukubhekana nezindlela zemvelo zokwelashwa. Lezi zindlela azitholi ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ziphephile ingane nomama. Isenzo sabo sihlose ukuphumula. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:
- ukusetshenziswa komshwalense womculo;
- ukusikhipha isifunda se-lumbar;
- umsebenzi wemoto.
Ungalungiselela kanjani ukulethwa ngaphandle kokubuhlungu?
Uma sicabangela izindlela zokuqashwa kwe-anesthetizing, kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi indlela ephumelelayo ukuzithokozisa. Njengoba esazi kahle le makhono, owesifazane uzokwazi ukukhulula isimo sakhe ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Kudingeka ufunde lokhu kusengaphambili, ngisho nasendleleni yokuzala umntwana. Ukuze ulawule umzimba wakho udinga:
- Yamukela isikhundla esinqunyiwe.
- Ukuphuza kufanele kube kancane futhi kugxilwe.
- Phakamisa umlenze owodwa, bese omunye uzwa ukucindezeleka.
- Clench isibani esisodwa, bese omunye.
Njengoba usuzwa ukuhlukumeza, kubalulekile ukulungisa imisipha emizuzwana engu-5-10, bese uphumule. Kanjalo nomnyango ngamunye womzimba, kancane kancane usebenzisa imisipha yangemuva, imilenze, isisu, izandla, i-pelvis. Lezi zindlela zokuphelelwa yisisu ngesikhathi sokubeletha kuzosiza owesifazane osebenza ngokuphumula ngokugcwele phakathi nenkathi phakathi kokuphambana, ukuphumula nokuqhubeka nenqubo. I-Rhodorazorazhenie ngokwayo iyoba buhlungu kakhulu, kanti izinkinga ezinjengokuhlukana kwebesifazane kanye ne-perineum, zizogwetshwa.