Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-pathologies ezimbi ezingokwemvelo zegazi, i-polycythemia inendawo ekhethekile - izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo zihambisana nokuguqulwa kwamaseli omuntu wesisindo. Kulokhu, ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kanye nokuguqulwa kwezingxenye ze-fluid biological kuyaphawulwa, okungaba kokubili kokuzalwa futhi kutholakale.
Izimbangela ze-polycythemia yegazi
Kuze kube manje, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezifo ezichazwe - i-polycythaemia yeqiniso neyesihlobo. Uhlobo lweqiniso lwe-pathology luyisisekelo kanye nolwesibili. Esikhathini sokuqala, izimbangela zokuthuthukiswa kwesifo zibhekwa njengezinguquko zegenes, ngenxa yokuthi amangqamuzana e-polypotent kanye ne-tyrosine kinase aguqulwa.
I-polycythemia yesibili kwenzeka ngokumelene nesimo sezinkinga ezilandelayo:
- i-hydronephrosis;
- ama-cysts nezifo zezinso;
- ukuhlushwa okungavamile kwe-hemoglobin;
- ukhuphukela ekuphakameni;
- izifo zamaphaphu ezingapheli;
- i-hemangioma ye-cerebellum;
- ukubhema;
- isisu se-fibroid nezinye izicubu.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ze-pathology eziphilayo zibizwa nge-Gaysbek syndrome futhi, ngokuhlolwa okucophelela kwe-laboratory, akubandakanyi izinqubo ezimbi. Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa yi-polycythemia yamanga noma ecindezelayo, i-pseudocythemia. Loluhlobo lwesifo lulula futhi luphulukiswa ngokushesha.
Izimpawu ze-polycythemia
Lesi sifo siqala kancane kancane, ngezinye izikhathi - amashumi eminyaka, yingakho isithombe somtholampilo sivame ukuqhuma noma akukho zibonakaliso nhlobo.
Ukuqaphela uphawu lwe-symptomatology, njengomthetho, akuyona into ecacile:
- ukucasula;
- ikhanda;
- ukuqaphela ukunaka;
- isiyezi;
- ukunciphisa amandla okubukwa;
- umsindo ezindlebeni;
- i-hyperemia sclera;
- ubomvu wezinambuzane ezimangcwaba;
- isikhumba se-cyanotic ithoni ngenkathi epholile.
Ngokuqhubeka kwe-thrombocytopenia, kukhona:
- ukwanda kwesibindi nesibindi;
- ubuhlungu esifundeni sesifuba (isikhungo);
- angina pectoris;
- i-thromboses;
- ukwehluleka kwe-ischemic okwedlule;
- ukuphefumula;
- i-infarction ye-myocardial;
- ukuphazamiseka kwezidakamizwa;
- i-erythromelalgia;
- I-Raynaud's syndrome ;
- i-peptic ulcer;
- flatulence;
- izilonda zezimpahla zensiza kanye nezindonga zamasongo.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-polycythemia
Ucwaningo lwe-laboratory lomswakama wezinto eziphilayo lubonisa ukunyuka okuphawulekayo ekuxhumeni kwe-hemoglobin (kufika ku-180 g / l) kanye nenani lemizimba ebomvu (kufika ku-7.5 ngehora ngalinye ngamayunithi angu-12 ngetitha ngalinye). Ubuningi bama-erythrocyte (ngaphezulu kuka-36 ml / kg) kubalwa futhi.
Ngaphandle kwalezi zinkomba, inani lama-leukocytes (kuze kube ngu-30 kuya kwezingu-10 ngezinga lesishiyagalolunye) kanye namaplatelets (kuze kube ngu-800 kuya kwezingu-10 ngama-degree angu-9) landa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-viscosity nobukhulu begazi banda, okuchaza ukuthi kwenzeke yini izifo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-polycythemia
Izimiso eziyinhloko zokwelapha yizi:
- ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi kanye namacici egazi;
- ukwehla kwe-viscosity ye-fluid biological.
Ngakho-ke, izindlela eziyinhloko zokwelashwa zanamuhla ziyi-phlebotomy (i-bloodletting), engashintshwa yi-erythrocytopheresis, ne-chemotherapy (i-cytoreductive).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, misela izidakamizwa-ukungalingani, i-interferon yabantu, i-hydroxycarbamide, i-hydroxyurea.
Ukwelashwa kwamakhambi omuntu we-polycythaemia
Imithi yokwelapha inikeza izindlela ezimbalwa eziphumelelayo zokuhlanza igazi.
Itiye yokwelapha:
- Ama-berries omisiwe noma amasha ama-cranberry (2 wezipuni) uthele ingilazi yamanzi abilisiwe.
- Vala ingilazi ngesoso bese ushiya imizuzu engu-20.
- Phuza, njengetiye, ngokufaka uju noma ushukela. Inani lezinxenye ngosuku alinamkhawulo.
Decoction of clover elimnandi:
- Ku-200 ml wamanzi abilayo, cwilisa ithisipuni elilodwa lomswakama omile owomile osikiwe.
- Ukucindezeleka, uphuze ingilazi yesithathu noma ingxenye yengilazi evamile kuze kube izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku.
- Ukuphathwa ngezinyanga ezingaphansi kwe-1.