Isikhumba sofuba

Isifo sesifo sofuba yisifo esithathelwanayo emhlabeni wonke esibangelwa i-mycobacteria, izitifiketi zeKoch. Okuyaziwa kakhulu yi-pulmonary of the disease, kodwa isifo sofuba singathinta namathambo nesikhumba.

Isifo sofuba sesikhumba sikhula lapho i-microbacteria ingena esikhunjeni. Kunezinhlobo ezine ze-microbacteria: abantu, isifuba, izinyoni ezinomkhuhlane nezinkukhu. Uma isikhumba sesifo sofuba sivame ukubona abantu, ngezinye izikhathi - uhlobo oluthile lwe-pathogen.

Izinhlobo kanye nezimpawu zesikhumba sofuba

Izilonda ze-tuberculosis zinezinhlobo eziningi, ezihlukile ngesifo sokutheleleka, inkinga yesifo nendlela isifo sofuba sesikhumba esibonakala ngayo. Iqembu lonke lezifo lihlukaniswe libe yisifo sofuba esifakwe endaweni (egxile) futhi esakazwa.

Izinhlobo ezigxile zesifo zihlanganisa:

1. I-Vulgar (i-vulgar) i-lupus iyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yesifo. Iningi livame ukuvela eneminyaka eyishumi nambili, futhi ukuqhuma kutholakala endaweni ebusweni. Ezimweni ezimbi, kuthinta i-membrane yamangqamu emlonyeni nasempeni. Izilimo eziyizifo eziyizigaxa (lupomas) zijule ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi esigabeni sokuqala zinamabala aphuzi-pink anezimingcele ezicacile ezicacisiwe. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, ama-tubercles abonakala kakhulu, kepha ngokuvamile ahlala ephahleni futhi ahamba kancane ngaphezu kwesikhumba.
2. I-Scrofuloderma (ehambisanayo nesifo sofuba sofuba) yisimo sesibili esivame kakhulu sokubonakaliswa . Izimpawu zalolu hlobo lwesifo sofuba sikhukhula ngendlela ejulile yokulala, i-malabile nodules 3-5 cm ububanzi, isikhumba esitholakalayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-nodules aqala ukuba yisibhukela esibandayo, endaweni lapho, ngemuva kokuvulwa, i-ulcer ihlala. I-scrofuloderm yakha kaningi uma ukutheleleka kungena emagqabeni aphethwe yi-lymph nodes, kaningi kakhulu kwezinye izicubu. Indawo yangaphakathi entanyeni futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, izitho.
3. Isifo sofuba sofuba esiswini - ngokuvamile sivela uma ukutheleleka kuvela kwezinye izitho nezithintekile. Kubonakala sengathi izilonda eziphaphazayo zine-surface engalingani egcwele ama-nodules aphuzi. Izitholakale emangqamuzaneni amancane kanye nezicubu ezizungezile (umlomo, izitho zangasese).
4. Isifo sofuba esesifo esibucayi - sibonakala ngesimo se-cyanotic-red singena ekukhuleni okuhamba phambili. Ukutheleleka kuvela emithonjeni yangaphandle futhi kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nomsebenzi (amaqembu ezinengozi afaka izilwane zezilwane, izisebenzi zokubulala, izazi ze-pathologists). Ngokuvamile kwenzeka eminwe nangemuva kwesandla.

Phakathi kwamafomu asakazwe ahlukanisa:

1. I-Papulonecrotic isikhumba sesifo sofuba - ngokuvamile senziwa esencane. Kubonakala ngesimiso se-cyanotic-red obunama-necrotic scabs phakathi nendawo. Ukuphazamiseka kuyatholakala nge-symmetrically, ngokuvamile kaningi - emaqenjini nasemiphakathini. Ngemuva kokuwa kwe-scab, endaweni yayo uhlale isici "sesisindo".
2. Ukwelashwa kwesifo sofuba esikhumbeni (uphinde unqande ukuhlushwa ) - ekubonakalweni kwangaphandle kufana nezibonakaliso ze-lichen ezibomvu ezivamile. Ngokuvamile kuvame ukuthinta isikhumba se-trunk, kaningi kangako - izitho kanye nobuso.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sofuba sesikhumba

Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zalesi sifo, isikhumba sofuba sivame ukutholakala ngesisekelo samasampuli akhethekile we-tuberculin. Futhi, isisekelo salesi sifo sokuxilonga singaba ubufakazi obuvela ku-anamnesis (eyadluliselwa ngaphambili nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sofuba) kanye nezifundo ezikhethekile ze-histological.

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sofuba sesikhumba

Ukuze ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo, ukuhlanganiswa kwezidakamizwa eziningana kuvame ukushiwo, okumele kuthathwe izinyanga ezingu-2-3. Khona-ke inhlanganisela ishintshwe ukuze kungabikho ukumelana nezidakamizwa.

Okuphumelela kakhulu kuze kube manje yi-Isoniazid noRifampicin.

Izidakamizwa ezinokusebenza kahle zihlanganisa iStreptomycin, Ethionamide, Florimycin, Kanamycin.

Inkambo yokwelapha ithatha izinyanga ezingu-10-12 ngokuphathwa kwezokwelapha ezalandela iminyaka emihlanu. Ukuzivocavoca ngesifo sofuba kuyaphikisana ngokuqondile.