I-asthma ibhekwa inkambo ye-paroxysmal: phakathi kokukhathala, ukuvinjelwa kwe-bronchial kuyanyamalala, kodwa kubonakala futhi ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa. Lesi sifo sína kakhulu, futhi ukuhlasela ngokwalo kudinga usizo oluseduze, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukubona izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-asthma futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo.
Isigaba sokuqala sesifo
Ngokuvamile ukubonakaliswa kwesimo se-asthmatic kwenzeka kakade ebuntwaneni (kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10), futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukwelashwa kwaqala ukusiza ukuqeda isifo sama-50% weziguli ezincane.
Kuyingxenye yesithathu yamacala kuphela izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-asthma ye-bronchial zivela kubantu abadala - eneminyaka engaba ngu-40.
Esikhathini sokuqala saleso sifo kunezimo ezihlukahlukene ze-allergenic, ikakhulukazi - i- dermatitis ye- atopic. Kukhona umfutho emphethweni, ukushaywa emakhaleni, ukukhipha, ukuphuza impumu, ukuqhuma ngesikhathi sokuhlanza indlu noma izimbali zezitshalo.
Esigabeni esilandelayo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-pre-asthma, umuntu uqala ukubamba ukubandayo kaningi: I-ARVI ne-bronchitis iyacasula ngisho nasenkathini efudumele.
Khona-ke isibonakaliso esiyinhloko se-asthma - empeleni ukuhlaselwa - siyazizwa.
Indlela yokuqaphela ukuhlasela kwe-asthmatic?
Isici sesici sokuhlushwa yisimo sesiguli - uzama ukuhlala, efaka izandla zakhe etafuleni futhi ephakamisa ibhande lakhe lehlombe. Lokhu ukuphoqeleka ukuphoqeleka kuhambisana nokuvuvukala kwesifuba.
Ezinye izimpawu zokuqala i-asthma:
- ukuphefumula okufushane kanye nokuphefumula okwesikhashana ngaphandle kwekhefu elihambisana ne-wheezing;
- Ngesikhathi sokuphefumula, imisipha yebhande lehlombe, isifuba kanye nokunyakaza komshini;
- ubuso besiguli buqala ukuphaphatheka, kanti izindebe nezinsizakalo zibe yi-blue (cyanosis);
- kukhona ubuhlungu endaweni ye-diaphragm nokwesaba (ngokuhlaselwa isikhathi eside).
Kule nkinga, isiguli siguquza ngempela. Ngokuvamile ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa, ukukhwehlela, ukuklolodela, i-urticaria, nekhala eligijimayo lihleliwe.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kwesifo se-asthmatic noma emva kwayo, isiguli singakwazi ukukhwehlela i-sputum encane ye-viscous. Ekulalelweni, udokotela uthola ukushisa okomile, okuhlakazekile. Ngemuva kokukhwehlela, i-wheezing iba ngaphezulu.
Izimpawu ezinjalo ze-asthma zivame ukubonwa kubantu abadala, kanti iziguli ezincane zingase zingabi nemibonakaliso emitholampilo ngaphandle kokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo ebusuku. Lona okuthiwa ukukhwehlela okuhlukile kwesifo se-asthma.
Yini edala ukuhlaselwa?
Iziguli ezine-asthma phakathi kokucindezeleka ngokuvamile azikho izikhalo, kodwa ukuhlasela kuholela esenzweni:
- izifo - izibungu, uthuli, uboya bezilwane, ukudla, impova yezitshalo; izimpawu ze-asthma ze-allergenic zivezwe esikhathini esithile sonyaka;
- ukucasuka - ukubhema ugwayi, ukuqeda igesi, amakha;
- ukutheleleka - izibonakaliso ze-asthma zingabangwa yi-influenza, sinusitis, bronchitis , i-SARS;
- ukucindezeleka, okuhlangenwe nakho okuqhubekayo, ukwesaba.
Kuye ngezimbangela (izimbangela ezibangela ukuhlaselwa), i-asthma ihlukaniswa ngamafomu alandelayo:
- okungajwayelekile (ukugula);
- okungapheli (okwenziwe yizimbangela ezichazwe ngenhla, ngaphandle kwezilwane);
- kuxutshwe (ukuhlaselwa kubangelwa izifo nezinye izinto).
Izinhlobo ezikhethekile zesifo
Ukuhlaselwa kwesifo sokugwinya kungabangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-acetylsalicylic acid noma izidakamizwa ezivela eqenjini lezidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala. Lona okuthiwa i-aspirin asthma.
Kukhona nesifuba sokuzikhandla komzimba, lapho umuntu eqala ukukhazamisa ngemva kwemizuzu emihlanu kuya kweyishumi nanhlanu emva komthwalo: kugijima, ukudlala ezemidlalo. Ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukiswa kokuhlaselwa kuyathinteka kuleli cala ngokufakwe umoya wokushisa owomile.
Olunye uhlobo oluthile luwu-asthma olwenziwe i-reflux: izimpawu zalo zibangelwa ukukhululwa kwesisu esiswini kuze kube yilapho kuqhutshwa khona ama-aggressus agwetshiwe ekukhanyeni kwesihlahla somuthi.
Uma ubona ukuhlaselwa kwe-asthmatic, kufanele ushayele udokotela ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile asthmatics ithwala inhalers futhi ngokushesha ukuyisebenzisa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokubiza i-ambulensi.