Yonke impilo yomuntu ihambele abanye abantu, njalo uhlala ebuhlotsheni bokuxhumana nomphakathi. Ngakho-ke, kaningi, ngokwenza lokhu noma leso senzo, sibheka emuva emphakathini, ngisho noma singazi, siyethemba, futhi sesaba ukulahlwa. Ngalokhu thina, ngaphandle kokuzibona thina, sibeka imingcele ethile, sivimbela izifiso zethu nezenzo zethu. Phela, sonke isikhathi esesaba ukugxeka umphakathi, indawo yethu. Akungabonakali ukuthi ama-stereotypes asungulwe alawula impilo yethu nezinqumo zethu.
Ama-stereotypes - lokhu kuyisihlobo sentela emphakathini ngamunye. Lena iphethini ethile yokuziphatha. Abaningi badala izinkolelo zabo siqu emva kokuhlupheka okuphindaphindiwe kwamanye amabhizinisi. Kodwa futhi umphakathi udala izinkolelo zokuxhumana.
Ngesikhathi esithile sesikhathi, ama-stereotypes akhiwa. Abantu baxoxisana futhi bahlanganyela okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, ngokushesha bazithola befana nabantu abanengqondo. Khona-ke indlela yabo yokuziphatha ingaba impela ngokwenhlalo emva kwesikhathi. Ama-stereotypes awafundwanga ezikoleni, azibhalwa ezincwadini, kodwa empilweni siwasebenzisa ngokuqinile njengamasethingi okhokho asezinzile ezingqondweni zethu.
Kuvela kanjani isibonelo sokukhulumisana?
Isibonelo sokukhulumisana kuphakama ngolwazi lomunye nomunye, okuyinto engqondweni yezenhlalakahle zomphakathi inencazelo ethile. Ngokwemithetho, kokubili izinkolelo zesimanje nezasungulwa zivela ngenxa yalokho okwenzeka esikhathini esidlule okubangelwa ukudala iziphetho zabantu, naphezu kolwazi olulinganiselwe. Ngokuvamile ukuphazamiseka kuphakama mayelana nokuhlanganiswa kweqembu lomuntu, isibonelo, ukuthi ungumuntu owenza umsebenzi. Ngenxa yalokho, izici ezihlonishwayo zomuntu esikhathini esidlule, ummeli walo msebenzi, zibhekwa njengezici ezivela kuwo wonke amalungu alo msebenzi.
Ama-stereotypes adluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya esizukulwaneni, aqinile kangangokuthi ngezikhathi ezithile aqondwa njengoba anikeziwe, njengeqiniso eliphilayo, njengeqiniso.
Ama-stereotypes ekukhulumisaneni ahlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili:
- Okungafani okuphezulu.
- Okujulile.
Ngaphansi kwesigaba sokuqala baqonde imibono ngabantu abathile, okumele kubangelwa umhlaba jikelele, isimo sezombusazwe noma sezomlando. Lezi zinkolelo ezishintshayo noma ezishiya ukuba khona ngokuya ngokuzinza komphakathi, ezenzakalweni ezithonya ukwakhiwa kwemibono phakathi kwabantu abaningi. Ekucwaningweni kwezinkolelo ezinjalo, izazi-mlando kanye nalabo abanesithakazelo ezindleleni zomphakathi nezombusazwe zomphakathi, banesithakazelo endaweni yokuqala.
Ama-stereotypes ajulile ashintshiwe. Bathi, uma kuqhathaniswa nombuso, asishintshi isikhathi esithile. Bazinzile futhi banesithakazelo esikhulu ekutadisheni izici zomlingiswa kazwelonke. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwezenhlalakahle kungachazwa njengento engalungile evimbela ukuqonda okwanele, hhayi ukuhlanekezela.
Izizathu zokuvela kokubili kokungafani kokuxhumana, futhi ngokujwayelekile, ziyahlukahluka. Kodwa isizathu esibaluleke kunazo zonke ukuphendula okuzivikela ukuthi ingqondo yomuntu ikhula ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuchotshozwa kwengqondo kusuka kolwazi, umthamo wayo owandayo njalo. Uma kwakungenjalo ukuvikelwa okunjalo, ukuqonda kuzongena ekutheni kube khona ukwahlulelwa kokubaluleka okuqhubekayo.
Izibonelo zezinkohlakalo
Ama-stereotypes ayiyingxenye ebalulekile yenkambiso yabantu. Zakhiwa ngesisekelo se:
- Ubudala (isibonelo, "Intsha iyayilalela kuphela").
- UPawulu ("Bonke abantu badinga ubulili kuphela").
- Imikhakha ("AmaJapane asesimweni esifanayo").
- Izinkolo ("Islam kuyinto inkolo yobuphekula").
- Amazwe ("Wonke amaJuda ahaha kakhulu").
Isibonelo esivamile kunazo zonke zokungaboni kahle kokuxhumana "I-Blondes iyisiphukuphuku."
Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi inkulumo ehlala njalo iveza ulwazi ngendlela eqondakalayo futhi elula, kodwa futhi, lolu lwazi luyakwazi ukuphazamisa umuntu uma lungavumelani nalokho okwenzekayo. Ukunquma kuwe kuphela, noma ukukholelwa embonweni wabaningi, ngezifiso noma ukunamathela esimweni sakho sengqondo ngomuntu noma into ethile.