Izithelo Kiwano - ezithandekayo ezishisayo ezishisayo esakhiweni

Ezitolo kunezithelo eziningi ezingavamile ezingakhula ekhaya. I-kiwano izithelo zase-Afrika inesimo esingavamile nokubukeka, ngakho ukudideka ngenye into akuyona into engokoqobo. Ngaphakathi, iqukethe i-jelly nembewu.

Incazelo ye-Kiwano

Izithelo ezingavamile zibizwa nangokuthi i-ikhukhamba lase-Afrika noma i-melon yamakha, ngoba kunezintambo ebusweni. Lesi sitshalo yi-liana enotshani, ehlanganisa ubude obungama-3-5 m. Kuyasiza ukuthola ukuthi i-kiwana ikhula, ngakho-ke lesi siko sikhula emazweni aseMelika Ephakathi, e-Israel, eNew Zealand nakwezinye izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esifanayo.

1. Le creeper oneminyaka elilodwa inezinhlanzi ezinwabuzelayo nezinwabuzelayo, okuyizinto ezinyakazayo nezishicilelo.
2. Amaqabunga ayahlukaniswa, futhi izimbali zinkulu futhi ziphuzi, futhi ngaphandle zibukeka njengezimvonta.
3. Izinsuku ezingamashumi ayisikhombisa emva kokuba imbewu ihlwanyelwe, kuyokwazi ukuvuna izithelo eziba ngu-15 cm ubude. Zingaba ophuzi, i-orange noma obomvu. Ukunambitheka kwe-pulp efana ne-jelly kunendawo ethile phakathi kwebhanana nekhukhamba.

Umuntu akakwazi kodwa ukulalela lokho okuwusizo kwi-kiwano izithelo, eziqukethe amanzi angu-89%, okubangela okuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhalori. Izakhiwo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa ulwazi olulandelayo:

1. Ezindaweni lapho izithelo zikhule khona, inyama isetshenziswa njengendlela ekhuthaza ukuphulukiswa ngokushesha kwamanxeba. Kukholelwa ukuthi kusiza ukuhlanza umzimba wezinto ezinobuthi nezidakamizwa.
2. Ngokusebenzisa njalo, ungaqinisa ukuzivikela kanye nokuzwakala umzimba.
3. I-pulp isithelo iqukethe i-vitamin A, C neqembu B, futhi lezi zinto zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle komzimba.
4. I-kivano ewusizo lapho kunezifo zesimiso semathunjini nesimiso senhliziyo, ngoba iqukethe i-potassium eningi.
5. Isithelo sithonya kahle isimo sesikhumba, sikhulisa ukuqina kwayo futhi senze inqubo yokuvuselelwa kwamaseli.
6. I-Kivano ingumkhiqizo omuhle kulabo abafuna ukunciphisa umzimba.
7. Sebenzisa i-pulp ngezinhloso zezimonyo, ngakho-ke yenza imaski enomphumela wokumisa nokuqinisa.

Abantu abaningi banesithakazelo sokudla kahle izithelo ze-kiwano, ngakho-ke ungayisebenzisa ukuze ulungise izitsha ezahlukene, isibonelo, ukudla okulula, ama-saladi nama-dessert. Izithelo kumele zihlukaniswe ama-halves kanye ne-spoon ukuze zisuse inyama. Isikhumba singasomiswa bese sisetshenziselwa, njengomhlobiso noma izitsha ze dessert. I-Kivano ingadliwa fresh, kanye nokukhethwa kanye nokusawoti.

Ukulima kwe-kiwano kusuka ensimini engadini nasekhaya

Izinto zokutshala zingatholakala ngezindlela ezimbili: ukuzithenga esitolo, kodwa akulula ukuthola zona, noma ukuzithela izithelo ezivuthiwe, ugeze, ume futhi ubambe isisombululo sezakhi. Ukuze ukhule i-kiwano ekhaya, landela le iphethini:

1. Gcwalisa imbewu kangcono kwisisombululo se "sodium humate" noma "epin-extra". Kumelwe bavule, okubalulekile ukuhluma. Lokhu kuthatha usuku.
2. Izitshalo ezilungiselelwe izitshalo zinconywa ngeziqukathi ezihlukene futhi ububanzi bezimbiza kufanele zibe ngu-10 cm. Faka isitsha ngasinye umhlabathi wezakhi, okumele kube okuxekethile.
3. Hlanyela imbewu ngokujula ngo-3 cm. Amaphothi kufanele afakwe ebusini lokushisa okungenani amasonto amabili. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, ke ukumboza isitsha nge ingilazi noma ifilimu. Kubalulekile ukungavumeli inhlabathi ukuthi iphele futhi igweme ukukhanya kwelanga.
4. Lapho amahlumela evela, ungasusa ingilazi futhi ulindele ikhono lokutshala izithombo.

Indlela yokutshala i-kiwano?

Ungakhula isitshalo endaweni yokushisa noma ulinde isikhathi esishisayo sokufakelwa endaweni evulekile. Uma uthola i-kiwano enhle yembewu ekhaya, ungayitshala ngokuvumelana nemithetho enjalo.

1. Ukutshala endaweni yokushisa kufanele kwenziwe emigqeni emibili, ibanga eliphakathi kuka-40 cm. Phakathi kwezithombo ngomugqa owodwa kufanele kube ngu-35-40 cm.
2. Uma izithelo ze-kiwana zitshalwe ngaphandle, kuyaphakanyiswa ukuba ukhethe izindawo ezivikelwe emoyeni futhi kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka indawo yokusika i-creeper. Kungcono ukutshala izithombo eduze kwesakhiwo noma ucingo. Kulesi simo, ibanga eliphakathi kwezithombo liyi-50-80 cm.
3. Izitshalo kufanele ziboshwe nge-twine kuya kwi-trellis eqondile. Njengoba ukukhula, i-stem eyinhloko idinga ukuphikisana nayo ngokuzenzekelayo.

Uma kukhona isifiso sokuhlobisa ibhakhodi lakho noma loggia ngomvini omuhle futhi uthole izithelo ezimnandi zesi-kiwano, ngakho-ke lokhu kulungiselela amandla ama-5-25 amalitha. Zonke izincomo ezibhekwe ekuqaleni zifanelekile futhi umehluko ukhona lokuthi kuzodingeka ukuthi kutholakale impova yokubilisa yezimbali. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-swab yesikotini, ukudlulisa impova kusuka ezitshalweni zesilisa kuya enhlakalweni yama-brushes wesifazane. Kunconywa ukuqhuba inqubo ngaphambi kwe-12 ntambama.

Ngesikhathi sokutshala i-kivana?

Sekukhulunywe kakade ukuthi lesi sitshalo si-thermophilic, ngoba livela e-Afrika, ngakho-ke i-kiwana ayibekezelele ukushisa okuphansi futhi, ikakhulukazi, amaqhwa. Amahlumela ama-cucumber kiwano e-greenhouse avunyelwe ukuba atshalwe phakathi noma ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Mayelana nokufika emhlabathini ovulekile, khona-ke kuyodingeka silinde kuze kube sekugcineni iqhwa lifudumele futhi isikhathi seqhwa sizodlula.

Izimo ezikhulayo ze-Kiwano

Ukuze uthuthukise umvini futhi uthole isivuno esihle, kubalulekile ukuba unakekele kahle, okubandakanya izinqubo eziningana zokugunyazwa: ukuchelela, ukufaka umquba, ukukhulula nokunye okunye. Ngesikhathi kutshalwa i-kivana, uma kunamagatsha amaningi ahlangothini, kubalulekile ukuthi uphonse amahlumela ovary. Izimbali zingcono ukususa ngokuphelele. Ama-ovaries amancane anconywa ukuba asuswe ezinsukwini ezimbili, ukuze izithelo ezintsha zikhule ngokushesha. Uma isikhathi sokukhula sesiphelile, vuna izithelo bese utshala isitshalo kumquba .

I-melon kiwano - inhlabathi

Ngokuvamile kuzo zonke izitshalo, ikhwalithi yenhlabathi ibaluleke kakhulu. Kunezici eziningana zalesi creeper:

1. Ukuze izithelo ze-kiwana zibe isivakashi njalo etafuleni, kuyadingeka ukutshala lesi sitshalo endaweni evulekile, okuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukungena kwamanzi kanye namanzi okwanele kuyazimpande.
2. Isendlalelo somsoco enhlabathini ingase ibe mncane, ngoba uhlelo lwempande lusebuseduze, lube lwanele ngo-15-20 cm. Ingxube evuthiwe kufanele ihlanganise umquba ovuthiwe noma ama-humus.
3. Ukuze izithelo kiwano ensimini zithuthuke kahle, kunconywa ukuba umquba . Uma i-mulch iphilayo, ngeke kudingekile ukwengeza umanyolo ngesikhathi sokukhula.
4. Kubalulekile ukukhipha ukhula unomphela nokuziphatha ngokukhululeka kwenhlabathi.

Kiwano ensimini - ukuchelela

Umswakama walesi sithelo ubalulekile, ngakho ungavumeli umhlaba ume ngokuphelele. Ukunisela kufanele kube njalo ukuthi inhlabathi ezungeze lesi sitshalo yayimanzi, kodwa hhayi emanzi kakhulu, ngoba ayithandi inhlanzi. Ukuthola indlela yokukhulisa i-kiwano, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi imvamisa yokunisela ikhombisa ukuchelela isikhathi esibili ngesonto. Uma ihlobo limile, khona-ke ungadinga ukuchelela okwengeziwe.

Izithelo Kiwano - ukugqoka okuphezulu

Isitshalo esiyingqayizivele siphendula kahle kumanyolo, okumele kwenziwe njalo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i- mullein noma ukumnika kwamakhambi, kuhlanjululwe ngamanzi noma imifino yezinkukhu. Ukuze uthole izithelo ezinkulu zama-melon kivano, abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukunxusa okunye kokugqoka okungokwemvelo nokunamaminerali. Izitshalo ezinamaminerali eziyinkimbinkimbi kufanelekile ukuzisebenzisa. Kuwusizo futhi kukhona ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-foliar ngezakhi ezilandelanayo.

I-melon kiwano - izifo

Isitshalo esiyingqayizivele sidume ngeqiniso lokuthi akuvamile ukugula, ngoba inezindawo ezinhle zokuzivikela. Uma kungalungile ukunakekela isitshalo noma ukungalandeli imifula, amahlumela angathinteka yizifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, isibonelo, igciwane lesikhumba le-cucumber noma igciwane le-mosaic kagwayi. Ezimweni ezingavamile, i- powdery isikhutha kanye ne-fusarium wilt zitholakala esitsheni se-kiwana. Ngokuqondene nezinambuzane, i-lianas ingathinteka yizimhlophe ezimhlophe zokushisa.