Uma uke waba neziguli eziningana zomdlavuza emndenini, noma kamuva nje isimo sakho kunzima ukuchaza njengokwanelisayo, nodokotela abakwazi ukucacisa imbangela, kunengqondo ukuhlola ukuhlolwa komdlavuza emzimbeni. Ngesizo salo, kunokwenzeka ukuthi kunqunywe indawo ekhona yokubandakanyeka kwesifo esingokwemvelo ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile kwalesi sitho.
Yiluphi uhlaziyo lokudlulisela kumaseli omdlavuza?
Kukhona izindlela ezimbalwa zokuthola umdlavuza:
- imisebe (i-X ray, i-radio-magnetic resonance, i-ultrasound);
- i-radioisotope;
- i-biopsy;
- i-endoscopy;
- izivivinyo zelabhoratri.
Kuze kube manje, iphethini ejwayelekile kakhulu yokuhlaziywa, lokhu kuyitadisha lokusakaza imisebe, ngesisekelo lapho amangqamuzana athathwe khona esihlakalweni esitholakala ngale ndlela ukuze ahlole ukulimala kwabo. Kungadingeki ukuthi, ngale ndlela ungathola umdlavuza esiteji lapho isisu sesivele sikhulu ngokwanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-oncology ezibonakala ngamaqoqo ahlukene wamaseli, amaningi kangaka awabonakali ngokubonakalayo. Lokhu kwenza ukuhlaziywa kwemisindo yamangqamuzana omdlavuza kungasebenzi.
Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi emangqamuzaneni womdlavuza kubhekisela ezindleleni zokuhlola. Kanye ne-radioisotope ukuxilongwa, kuvumela ukubona umdlavuza ngesikhathi sokuqala bese unquma indawo eseduze nesifo. Yingakho odokotela abaningi bekhetha lezi zinhlobo zokuthola lesi sifo. Ngeshwa, indlela ye-radioisotope ezweni lethu ayitholakali kuwo wonke umuntu, kuwumkhuba omusha wemithi, ngakho-ke ayivamile. Ungaqhuba ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunoma iyiphi i-unit oncology.
Ngingazithola kanjani ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngamaseli omdlavuza?
Ukuze uthole ukuhanjelwa kokuhlolwa kwegazi ngokutholakala kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela ukuze uhlole ukuhlolwa. Uma umndeni unesifo somdlavuza ofanayo, ungahamba ngokushesha kudokotela omncane we-profile - i-endocrinologist, i-gastroenterologist, i-gynecologist. Ukuzikhethela isazi kuncike endaweni yokudla okuyisisekelo kwezihlobo zakho, noma indawo ebangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu kuwe. I-carcinophobia, yiqiniso, iyisifo esibi, kodwa kulokhu kuwukuhlakanipha ukuphaphama ukuze uthole i-oncology ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ngemuva kokuthi uthola ukuhanjelwa kokuhlolwa kwegazi, okubonisa abaqhamukayo abadingekile, ebhokisatri, igazi lizokhishwa kusuka emthanjeni ngemali elanele ukutadisha imininingwane yazo zonke izinkomba. Iqiniso liwukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lwegazi lunabasebenzi balo, ngakho igazi owalithatha kuzo lihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningi, okuzokwenziwa kuzo zonke izimo zamakhemikhali ngokwehlukana. Inhloso yocwaningo kwakuwukuthola uhlobo oluthile lweprotheyini, okuwumkhiqizo wokukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza. Nawa abakhulu bokuqala:
- I-HE4 ibonakala egazini lomdlavuza we-ovarian;
- I-PSA emdlavuza wesi-prostate;
- I-CA 72-3 yomdlavuza wesisu nomdlavuza wamaphaphu;
- I-CYFRA 21-1 ivumela ukunquma umdlavuza wamaphaphu nesinye isesimweni esiphezulu 0,1.2 isigaba;
- I-CA 19-9 ivela nge-oncology ezithombeni zokugaya - esiswini, emathunjini, ama-pancreas, isibindi;
- I-REA ifakazela izinhlobo eziningi ze-oncology (i-colon kanye ne-rectum, isisu, amaphaphu, i-prostate, izilonda ezincelisayo, ama-ovari, isisu);
- I-B-2-MG ivela nge-leukemia, i- leukemia , i-myeloma;
- I-CA-242 egazini ibonisa umdlavuza wesisu, noma izinso;
- I-ACE egazini ibonisa umdlavuza wesibindi kanye nemithi yokugcoba emzimbeni, ingavela futhi emdlalweni we-testicular and ovarian, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kukhula kwanda nge-cirrhosis ne-hepatitis.
Ukuhlaziywa kokutholakala kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza kufanele kuhlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokuxilonga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi eziningana esikhathini eside. Iqiniso liwukuthi abaqaphi bangase babe khona egazini lomuntu onempilo. Norm uma kuhlaziywa igazi ngamaseli omdlavuza osungulwa icala ngalinye ngabanye, unikezwe amandla okuba nenani lamaseli ngezikhathi ezahlukene.