Iklabishi ye-Peking - ukulima, ikakhulukazi ukutshala kwezinhlobo ezinhle

Iklabishi e-Peking enomnandi neyomnandi iba yinto ethandwa kakhulu njalo ngonyaka. Kusuka kuwo ungapheka izitsha eziningi ezahlukahlukene, ezingasiza nje kuphela. Iyini iklabishi ye-Peking, ukukhula nokondla isitshalo ulwazi olubalulekile lwabalimi bokuqala.

Iklabishi ye-Peking - incazelo

Lesi sitshalo, esivela eCruciferae yomndeni, saqala ukutshala eChina. E-America naseYurophu, lesi siko sasakazeka kuphela kuma-70s. Izinto ezikhethekile zokutshala iklabishi ye-Peking akusho ukusungula izimo ezikhethekile, abantu abaningi banokutshala ngeziqephu zabo. Abantu bakubiza ngokuthi "isaladi yamaShayina" noma "pekinka". Chaza lesi sitshalo kungaba yilezi zinto:

1. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezintathu zemifino: i-semi-baked, ihlolwe futhi iluhlaza.
2. Bamba iklabishi ye-Peking ezitshalweni ezineminyaka emibili ubudala, kodwa ezimweni eziningi isetshenziswa njengesiko lonyaka.
3. Imifino ine-rosette yamaqabunga ane-vein yama-median ahlanzekile kanye nokuthungwa okubucayi. Amaphethelo angama-wavy noma afakwa. Umbala uhlanganisa ama-hues aphuzi nohlaza.
4. Izinhlobo lapho izinhloko ze-cylindrical zakhiwa zinamaqabunga efomu elilindiwe-oblong.

Iklabishi ye-Peking - izinhlobo

Kungcono ukuzalanisa ukukhetha izinhlobo ze-hybrid ezizalwe ngabalimi. Phakathi kwesithandwa kakhulu kunokwahlukanisa izinhlobo ezinjalo:

1. "Usayizi waseRussia". A hybrid ukumelana nezimo ezingemuhle, emva kokuvuthwa okuvuthwa ngezinsuku ezingu-80. Ngokunakekelwa kahle, iklabishi yePeking ikhula ibe ngu 4 kg.
2. "Cha-cha." Isivuno esiphezulu kulo mkhakha uvuna uma ukhulile ezimweni zomaphakathi. Uma ubutha izinto zokutshala bese utshala isitshalo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, khona-ke izithelo zokuqala zingavunwa emva kwezinsuku ezingu-55, ngakho-ke lezi zihlukahlukene zingabizwa phakathi nonyaka. Ngokwesilinganiso, zilinganiselwa ku-2.8 kg.
3. I-Orange Mandarin. Lezi zihlukahlukene zikhula ngokushesha, ngakho-ke zingatshalwa kulo lonke ihlobo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, isivuno siqoqiwe izinsuku ezingu-40 ngemuva kokutshala. Amakhanda okuqala azoba nesisindo esingaba ngu-1 kg. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lungalinywa ngokuphepha eSiberia.
4. I-Vorozhey. Lokhu kuyinhlobonhlobo yezimbali eziningana eziye zandisa amaqabunga e-elliptical flat ngenqenqemana elincane. Kungcono ukukhula njengemifino yesaladi.
5. "Nika". Uhlobo olunobuthi oluvuna izitshalo ekuqaleni. Ama-cobs avulekile futhi abe elliptical shape. Esigabeni baphuzi. Ake siqaphele ukuthi phakathi kwamanye amamaki ama-klabishi e-Peking ahlukana nokuba khona kwe-plaque yama-wrinkle kanye nemibimbi.
6. "Vesnyanka". Olunye uhlobo oluvuthiwe lokuvuthwa, oluvelela ukuphikisana nokuzivikela kwe-arming. Kusukela ekukhuleni kwezithombo kanye nokwenzeka kokuvuna, ezimweni eziningi, kudlule izinsuku ezingama-35. Iklabishi enjalo ye-Peking ibhekwa njengesiko elihle kakhulu lesaladi.
7. "Ingilazi." Izinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo ziphakathi, kanti ukuvuna kuzokwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-70 ngemuva kokuvela. Amahlamvu anesimo se-elliptical, futhi asinyene kakhulu futhi anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo ziyi-whimsical futhi zithola isivuno esihle, kubalulekile ukudala izimo ezihle.

Ukutshala iklabishi yasePeking emhlabathini ovulekile

Ngokungafani nezitshalo eziningi zemifino, imbewu yeklabishi ye-Peking ayidingi ukuba ifakwe ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abalimi abanolwazi bancoma ukusebenzisa imbewu engathengi, kodwa bengena emanzini amanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kufanelekile. Uma emva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu kuhluma kungabonakali, kungcono ukuthenga imbewu esitolo. Ukuhlakulela iklabishi e-Peking kusuka kumbewu kufanele kwenziwe ngokwemithetho, ephathelene nokukhethwa kwendawo efanelekile nokulungiswa kahle kwezimbobo.

Ukukhiqiza iklabishi yasePecan

Kukhona uhlu oluncane lwezimfuneko zezimo ezikhulayo, okufanele zicatshangelwe:

1. Qaphela ikhwalithi yenhlabathi, okumele ikhule. Imininingwane yokukhetha iboniswa ngezansi. Umhlaba kufanele uhlwanyelwe ekwindla, usebenzise u-4.5 kg womquba kumamitha angu- ¹ .
2. Khetha indawo yokutshala iklabishi ye-Peking entwasahlobo, ukuze usuku lokukhanya lungabi namahora angaba ngu-12. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ingozi yezimbali kanye nembewu yanda.
3. Kunconywa ukuba unake umswakama womoya, ngakho-ke esimweni sezulu esicacile isibonakaliso kufanele sibe ngu-80%, kanti umswakama womhlabathi ngu-65%.
4. Kuyoba kuhle ukuthuthukisa iklabishi ye-Peking, okutshalwe kuyo ensimini lapho kwakukhulile khona ukhukhamba, izaqathe, amazambane, anyanisi kanye nogalikhi. Akunconywa ukutshala imifino emva kwesithombo, i-turnips kanye nezinye izitshalo ezisemthonjeni.
5. Ukuze uvikele iklabishi ekuchaseni ilanga eliqondile eliyingozi noma i-snap ebandayo, ungafihla imibhede nge-agrofiber.

Ukuhamba phakathi kweklabishi ye-Peking ngesikhathi sokutshala

Ukulima kungenziwa yizimbewu noma izithombo, ngakho sizohlaziya kokubili okukhethwa kukho:

1. Imithetho yokutshala i-Peking izithombo zeklabishi isho ukufaka imbewu embiza ngejubane elingaphezulu kuka-1 cm. Kungcono ukutshala ukuze ibanga phakathi kwezitshalo zesikhathi esizayo li-1-2 cm. Amahlumela kufanele avele ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Izithombo zokufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile kungaba, uma kukhona amaqabunga angama-4-5.
2. Lapho uhlwanyela imbewu yeklabishi ye-Peking, ukulima emhlabathini ovulekile kuhilela ukulungiswa kwemibhede, okungafanele kube yinkimbinkimbi. Phakathi kwemigodi nemigqa kufanele kube khona ibanga lika-25-30 cm. Ezingxenyeni, ungenza amathangamu amancane, lapho umswakama owedlulele uzokhipha khona uma uphala.

Izinsuku zokutshala iklabishi yaseShayina

Umthetho oyisisekelo okumelwe uthathwe, uma ufisa, ukukhula iklabishi enjalo yisikhathi esifanele sokutshala. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu entwasahlobo (April 15-20) noma phakathi kwehlobo (Julayi 20 kuya ku-Agasti 10). Uma isikhathi sokutshala se-Peking iklabishi singacatshangwa, khona-ke isitshalo sizodubula imicibisholo futhi siqhakaze, ngakho isivuno esihle asikwazi ukubalwa. Izinhlobo zakuqala zingavunwa emva kwezinsuku ezingu-40-55 emva kokutshala, futhi kamuva - ezinsukwini ezingu-60-80.

Iklabishi yaseShayina - ukulima nokunakekelwa

Uma unakekela kahle lesi siko semifino, ungathola isivuno esihle. Ukulimala iklabishi e-Peking emhlabathini ovulekile kusho ukususwa kokhula njalo okuvimbela ukukhula okufanele. Vimbela ukubukeka kwabo ngokuhlanganisa imifino , isibonelo, usebenzisa utshani obomile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, usebenzisa le ndlela, ungagcina umswakama emhlabathini isikhathi eside. Ukuze uthole amasokisi aminyene e-Peking iklabishi, ukulima kufanele kufake inqubo efana nezinhloko ezibophayo. Ukulichitha ekuqaleni kokubonakala kwe-ovary.

Okuphawulekayo kweklabishi ekhulayo ezweni - inhlabathi

Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile mayelana nenhlabathi lapho lesi siko semifino sizokhula khona, futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele umuntu angathola isivuno esihle. Abalimi bezitshalo batusa ukukhetha umhlabathi okhanyayo ovuthiwe odlula umswakama kahle futhi ungalondolozi umswakama, okungukuthi okuqukethwe okubumba kufanele kukhishwe. Kungcono ukuhlakulela nokunakekelwa iklabishi ye-Peking ku-loam.

Ukuze ukhule izithombo, kungcono ukuxuba i-humus ne-coconut substrate, ingxenye yesibili kufanele ibe kabili kakhulu. Enye indlela efanelekayo ingxube ngokulinganisela okulinganayo kwe-turf ne-peat. Iklabishi ye-Peking, ekhulile emhlabathini ovulekile, izothuthuka kahle enhlabathini uma i-0.5 l yama-humus ingeziwe emthonjeni ngamunye.

Iklabishi ye-Peking - ukushisa okukhulayo

Ukuze uthole ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo nokufanele, bukela izimo zokushisa. Iklabishi ye-Peking, okulinywa kuyo akudingi ukudalwa kwezimo ezikhethekile, kubangelwa ukushisa. Imbewu ingahluma ngo-4-6 ° C, kanti izithombo zingakwazi ukumelana nokuqhwaza kancane. Ukwakha ikhanda elihle, ukutshala iklabishi yaseShayina kufanele kube ekushiseni kwama-13-20 ° C. Uma izinkomba zingaphansi kwenani elibekiwe, khona-ke kukhona ingozi ephezulu yokuqala i-boom.

Izimo zokulima i-Peking iklabishi - ukuchelela

Ngokuqondene nezitshalo eziningi zensimu, kubalulekile ukuthi iklabishi ikhule ngokwezidingo ezidingekayo zobuningi ngesikhathi sokulima. Qinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ayimile, kodwa akufanele iguqule ngoba ukuphuza ngokweqile kubangela izifo ze-fungal nokubola kwempande. Ukunakekela iklabishi e-Peking emhlabathini ovulekile kusho ukuqaliswa kokunisela zonke izinsuku ezintathu, uma kwakungenakho imvula. Uma ukhula endaweni yokushisa, ukuchelela kwenziwa ngokuphindwe ngesonto.

Ukuhlakulela iklabishi yasePeking ezweni

Ukuze uthole isitshalo esihle, ama-fertilizer amaminerali kufanele asetshenziswe, kodwa angeke afakwe, njengalokhu kutshalwa iklabishi omhlophe, enye i-nitrate iyobuthelela emaqabunga. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi kungcono ukwenza ukugqoka okuphezulu kweklabishi e-Peking entwasahlobo, ukushiya nokutshala kulokhu kusho ukusetshenziswa kwezimila eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lesi sitshalo siphendula kahle kumakhemikhali aphethwe yi-potassium. Kunconywa ukuba uthele umuthi ophansi wokhuni ngaphansi kwempande yeklabishi, okungeke kube ngumanyolo omuhle nje kuphela, kodwa futhi uvikela izilokazane.

Iklabishi ye-Peking - izifo nezinambuzane

Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, kubalulekile ukulandela izitshalo ukuze ubone ukuthi kungenzeka izinkinga ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuhlakulela iklabishi ye-Peking nokunakekela ngaphandle kusho ukulwa nezifo ezilandelayo nezinambuzane:

1. Umswakama owedlulele ukhipha ukubonakala kokubola okumhlophe, okumpunga nokumnyama, kanye nezifo ze-fungal.
2. Esikhathini esomile, izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene zizala, isibonelo, ama-slugs , ama-fleas e-cruciferous kanye nezimbungulu, ama- butterflies nezinye izinambuzane. Ukulawula izinambuzane, izindlela ezinjalo zisetshenziswa: ukumnika ugarlic, isixazululo se-ammonia kanye nabanye.