Akuwona wonke ama-horticulturist ojwayele zonke izindlela zokwelapha eziphilayo. Uma wazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa komlotha kanye no- anyanisi kubaningi, ngakho-ke okudingekayo ekuthuleni ugwayi nendlela yokusebenzisa akukwaziwa wonke umuntu.
Ugwayi ugwayi ulungiswa lokushisa ugwayi, olwenziwa ngemfucumfucu ekhiqizwa yizimboni zikagwayi. Kuthengiswa kuqala emaphaketheni e-polyethylene enesisindo esingama 260 g kanye nezikhwama zamaphepha ezilinganisa 1 kg.
Ukuthungwa kotshwala engadini kanye nasezindadidi zisetshenziswa:
- njengomanyolo;
- njengesivikelo ezinambuzane.
Ukusetshenziswa kotshani kagwayi ensimini njengomanyolo
Ugwayi ogwayi uqukethe u-2-5% we-nitrogen, u-1-3% we-potassium, u-1-2% we-phosphorus, ngaleyo ndlela uthuthukise umsoco wezitshalo futhi ukwandisa umsebenzi we-microbiological wenhlabathi. Uthuli lomgwaqo luthululelwa enhlabathini entwasahlobo nasekwindla ngaphambi kokumba. Lokhu kwandisa isivuno sesitshalo nezitshalo nemifino kuya ku-40% futhi kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo.
Isicelo:
- uma ugoba inhlabathi, sebenzisa u-2 - 4 g / m2;
- lapho utshala izihlahla nezihlahla, zimboza u-0.5 kg ngehora eyodwa yokutshala;
- lapho ubeka utshani futhi ubeka imitha engamathalitha angasetshenziswa ngothuli kagwayi ahlanganiswe nengqimba ephezulu yenhlabathi, ephuziswayo, bese kuhlwanyelwa imbewu;
- lapho ukutshala izimbali ezimbizeni zixubane nge-turf nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso se-1: 1: 1;
- njengoba umanyolo oyinhloko usetshenziselwa umthamo ofika ku-40 g / m2 kanye eminyakeni emithathu.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani uthuli oluvela kuzinambuzane?
Ngothuli lwegwayi, kufike ku-1% we-nicotine ekhona, ephumelelayo njengendlela yokulawula izinambuzane ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo. Uthuli lomgwaqo lusetshenziselwa kusuka emabhokisini, kusuka kuma-aphid, kusuka ezintuthweni, kusuka emafreyini, kusukela kumaqabunga amaqabunga nezinye izinambuzane ukuvikela iklabishi, ugwayi, izithelo nezithelo zamabhodlela nezithelo.
Ukulawula izinambuzane, uthuli oludaka lusetshenziswa ngendlela:
- impova . Ukungcola: izitshalo zifakwe uthuli olubheke ngotshani ngendlela ehlanzekile noma inhlanganisela neketshezi noma umlotha okhishwe ngesilinganiso (1: 1). Izinga lokufaka isicelo sokuthulila yi-10-20 g / m2;
- sishaye nge ukumnika noma decoction . Ukuphalaza: izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngosuku nge-interval kwezinsuku ezingu-5-8. Ukulungiselela okwamanje: ufulawa ogwayi u-400g ukufaka amahora angu-24 ebhaketheni lamanzi, ukuxuba ngezikhathi ezithile. Bese uhamba nge-gauze kabili, uphuze ngamanzi (1: 2) bese ufaka amalitha ayi-10 esisombululo se-50 g sensipho. Ukumnika kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokushesha ngemva kokulungiselela. Ukuze ulungise umhluzi: 1 ingxenye yothuli kagwayi uthele izingxenye eziyishumi zamanzi uphinde ubilise imizuzu engu-30, wanezela amanzi. Umhluzi obangelwa ukuvikela usuku nokuhlunga. Ukuze uphefle izitshalo, uhlanza umhluzi ngamanzi (1: 3) bese ufaka ama-gramu angu-10 we-40 g wesepha kuya ku-10 amalitha;
- fumigation nomusi . Ukuqhuma: ebhakedeni kudoti elikhanyayo futhi, uma lishaya kancane, kusuka phezulu lithele uthuli ugwayi ngesilinganiso esingu-2-4kg nge-100m2. Ukufometha kufanele kuqhutshwe okungenani imizuzu engu-30.
Ukusebenzisa ngokuphumelelayo ukuthuza ugwayi kulezi zinambuzane:
- kusuka emafreyini okuvuthwa ngamanzi izikhathi ezingu-2-3 njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-45;
- kusuka anyanisi neklabishi fly kanye anyanisi burbot impova eduze intamo impande yesitshalo ngesilinganiso 10 g / m2 kanye ekuqaleni kwehlobo, okwesibili - ekugcineni;
- ngokumelene ne-slugs kanye nezintuthwane zihogela umhlabathi kusukela ekubalweni kuka-20-25 g / m2;
- kusukela ku-bloom, izihlahla zezithelo zihlanzwa phakathi nesikhathi sokuhluma ihlumela noma ukugcoba kwensimu echaziwe kusihlwa kusimo sezulu esingenamoya;
- kusuka ku-aphid pollinate noma ukusebenzisa i-decoction noma ukumnika ukubhema, uma kunesidingo, uphinde uphathe emva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10, inani le-aphid liyancipha izikhathi ezingu-12;
- kusuka ku-mothberry kanye ne-beetle okusajingijolo zihlanjululwa nge-ukumnika ngesikhathi sokuhluma kuhluma;
- kusuka ezinambuzane zesicabucabu, ukupompa kokuqala kwenziwa lapho izinambuzane zitholwa, okwesibili ngemva kwesonto.
Lapho usebenza ngothuli kagwayi, sebenzisa njalo igrafu-gauze yokugqoka kanye namagilavu enjoloba. Uma ugwayi uqubukile esikhumbeni nasekhanda lomswakama lomlomo noma amehlo, hlambulula kahle ngamanzi amaningi ahlanzekile.