Isifo se-oncological, esibonakala ukwanda kwesimiso sokwakheka kwesikhumba emdongeni wesifo, kubizwa ngokuthi umdlavuza we-esophageal. Lolu hlobo lwe-oncology luyisishiyagalombili oluvame kakhulu, oluthi ngokuvamile luhlolwe kubantu abaneminyaka yobudala, kodwa lungakhula ezigulini ezincane. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi iziphi izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza we-esophageal.
Indlela yokuqaphela umdlavuza we-esophageal?
Okokuqala, sifunda ukuthi i-oophagus iyini nokuthi yimuphi umsebenzi wayo. I-esophagus iyilungu elingenalutho elifana nebhubhisi enezindonga eziningi ezihlanganisa umlomo ngomlomo. Lesi sitho sisebenzela ukuhambisa ukudla esiswini, okusizwa yi-mucus efihliwe yizicubu zayo, nokuvimbela ukungenisa emuva emuva kokudla kokudla endaweni ye-pharynx kanye ne-airways.
Njengoba kubonakala kulula, i-esophagus idinga isimo sengqondo esibucayi futhi sithonywe izici ezihlukahlukene ezingathandeki, kuhlanganise ukubhema, ukuphuza utshwala, iziphuzo eziphuzayo nezitsha, kungabandakanyeka ezinkambisweni zempilo. Amathumba e-Cancer aqala ukukhula ngokubonakala kwamaseli angavamile ahambisana nokuguqulwa kwe-DNA, okuyinto engahlukanisi futhi ekhule ngokungalawuleki. Ama-sooplasms anjalo awagcini nje ngokulimaza isilwane, kepha angaphinde ahlasele amathisusi aseduze, asakaze kwezinye izindawo zomzimba ngegazi ne-flow lymph.
Umdlavuza we-Esophageal kuqala izibonakaliso kaningi akukhishwa esikoleni sokuqala, kodwa kakade ngokuthuthukiswa kokukhula okusha kobukhulu obukhulu. Kulesi simo, iziguli eziningi zisabhalisa ukubonakaliswa kwezinkathazo, okwamanje, ezingenasici futhi ngokuvamile zibhekwa kwezinye izifo - isifo sofuba, i-reflux esophagitis, i-neurocirculatory dystonia, njll. Lokhu kubonakala kufaka:
- ukungathandeki kwi-sternum, ehlobene noma engahlotshaniswa nokudla;
- ukuzwa okuvuthayo kule ndawo.
Indlela yokuqaphela umdlavuza we-esophageal ekuqaleni kwesigaba?
Labo abazwela futhi banakekele impilo yabo bazokwazi ukubona izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza we-esophageal ekuqaleni, okwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuphumelela ekwelapheni. Izibonakaliso eziphawulekayo ezibonakalayo, okudingeka ngokushesha zizwakale i-alamu bese zibhekisela kuchwepheshe, ziyizimpawu zendawo ezihlobene nokunqotshwa kwezicubu ezixakile:
- I-Dysphagia , engabangelwa yi-mechanical, amakhemikhali noma isifo esiyingozi se-esophagus, isenzo esiyinkimbinkimbi sokugwinya, okokuqala esingakhulumi, futhi ngokuphoqeleka ukuphika ukudla okuqinile;
- ukuzwa okuzwakalayo kokudlulisa isisindo sokudla ngokusebenzisa isisu, ukuzwa okungajabulisi ngesikhathi sokudla noma ukuphuza;
- ukuzwakalisa izwi, hhayi ezihlotsheni zezifo ze-catarrhal;
- salivation eyanda;
- ukubamba ukudla ngemuva noma ngesikhathi sokudla;
- i-heartburn;
- isicasuli;
- isikhwama esivamile;
- ukuhambisana nokukhwehlela, okuvela lapho uphuza;
- umoya omubi.
Izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza we-esophageal, ezihlobene nokubonakaliswa okuvamile okuhlobene nokudakwa komzimba ngemikhiqizo yokubola kwamaseli abulalayo, faka:
- umqondo obuthakathaka njalo;
- ukukhathala okusheshayo;
- ukwanda kwesisindo;
- i-anemia.
Ukuhlukaniswa kakhulu kwe-squamous cell carcinoma ye-esophagus
Ngokusekelwe ezimeni zakhe ezinokwethenjelwa kwezicubu kulesi sici, zihlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo eziningana. Okuvamile kune-squamous cell carcinoma, lapho amangqamuzana amancane anama-atypical afaka phezu kwendawo. Isifo esinjalo ngokuvamile sithinta ingxenye ephakathi yelungu. Uma isisu se-squamous sehlukanisiwe kakhulu, asikhule ngokushesha, amangqamuzana ayo ayenze ukwelashwa. Kulesi simo, izimpawu zokuqala, izimpawu zomdlavuza we-esophageal zibonakaliswa kancane kancane, ama-metastases ahlonishwa ngezigaba kamuva.
I-low-grade squamous cell carcinoma ye-esophagus
Lolu hlobo lwesifo lubonakala ukwakhiwa kwamangqamuzana angabonisiwe, okujwayele ukukhula okusheshayo nokuqhubekayo. Leli fomu elinobudlova, elibhekene nokwanda okusheshayo kokubonakaliswa kanye nenengozi enkulu yokusabalalisa ngokushesha kuwo wonke umzimba. Indlela yokubona umdlavuza wesifo, ukucacisa ukubukeka kwayo nesiteji ngemuva kokuthola izimpawu ezesabekayo, kungancoma udokotela. Ngokuvamile, kulokhu, i-X noma i-zofagoskopiya eqokwe, ithola izibonakaliso ezimbi emzimbeni ngokuthembeka.
Umdlavuza we-glandular of the esophagus
I-tumor eqala ukuthuthukiswa kwayo emangqamuzaneni angama-glandular ibizwa ngokuthi i-glandular, elinye igama li-adenocarcinoma. Ngokuvamile lolu hlobo lwe-oncology luyakha engxenyeni engezansi ye-esophagus. Umdlavuza we-Esophageal, izibonakaliso zokuqala zazo ezingase zibe khona kuleli cala, kwezinye izimo ziqala ngokumelene nesimo sangokwemvelo njenge-Barrett's syndrome. Ukubonakaliswa kwangaphambili kule nkinga kungaba: ukuguquka kwenhliziyo, ukuhlanza ngegazi, ubuhlungu besisu.
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo somdlavuza ophethwe yi-esophageal kubantu besifazane
Izimpawu zesifo somdlavuza wesimiso kubantu besifazane azifani namadoda, ngokusho kwezibalo, izigameko zobulili obuhle ziphindwe izikhathi ezimbalwa. Ngenxa yokungabonakali kokubonakala kokuqala, lesi sifo sivame ukutholakala izinyanga ezimbalwa ngemva kokuvela kwesisu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, sekuvele kube nokuqhekeka kwezicubu zomdlavuza ngaphezu kwezindonga ezingenalutho, kuhambisane nezimbonakaliso ezincane:
- ukuphefumula;
- ukwandisa i-lymph nodes;
- ukuhlanza;
- shintsha umsindo wezwi;
- i-bradycardia, njll.
Umdlavuza we-Esophageal - izimpawu zokuqala, bangaki abahlala khona?
Umdlavuza we-Esophagus, izimpawu zokuqala ezitholakala ekuqaleni, kanti futhi ukwelashwa okufanele ngesikhathi esifanele kubonakala ngenduduzo ekhuthazayo kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, iziguli ezingaphezu kwezingu-90 ezithola ukwelashwa okuhlinzekwa, ukwelashwa kwe-chemo- kanye nokwelapha imisebe , zinomthelela wokuphila oneminyaka emihlanu nangaphezulu. Umdlavuza we-esophageal osuvele utholakala unomqondo ohlukile: ngaphandle kokwelashwa ezigulini eziningi, umphumela obulalayo kwenzeka ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-5-6, futhi ekukhatheni iminyaka emihlanu yokusinda kungamaphesenti angu-10 kuphela alaba bantu.